scholarly journals Elucidating Afrocentricity as a contemporary theoretical stance through 'epistemic disobedience'

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 650-658
Author(s):  
Shingirai Stanley Mugambiwa
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
African Intellectuals ◽  
Theoretical Standpoint

The use of Afrocentricity as a contemporary theoretical lens has triggered remarkable debate among African scholars. There is growing contestation among African intellectuals on the future of knowledge construction in the wake of the collapse of colonization in Africa. The contestation on the applicability of the Afrocentricity as a theory is largely triggered by the assumed superiority of Western thought. One of the major proponents of Afrocentricity Melefe Kete Asante has prompted an interesting question ‘Why have Africans been shut out of global development?’ The question attracts the need for African scholarship to take into consideration a context based theoretical standpoint and methodology. Nevertheless, the quest for a purely African based thought is clashed by postmodernists who contend that there is no such thing as “Africans” because there are many different types of Africans and all Africans are not equal. It is from this standpoint that this paper seeks to position Afrocentricity as a fundamental theoretical perspective in African scholarship. Afrocentricity is considered to be a catalyst of change whose goal is to restore the African understanding of the world. As such, through what some scholars have termed “epistemic disobedience” which is a form of epistemic revolt in favour of decolonisation of thought, this paper provides a critical analysis of the relevance of Afrocentricity as a theoretical standpoint.

Artificial Intelligence as a Growth Engine for Health Care Startups: Emerging Business Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Garbuio ◽  
Nidthida Lin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

The future of health care may change dramatically as entrepreneurs offer solutions that change how we prevent, diagnose, and cure health conditions, using artificial intelligence (AI). This article provides a timely and critical analysis of AI-driven health care startups and identifies emerging business model archetypes that entrepreneurs from around the world are using to bring AI solutions to the marketplace. It identifies areas of value creation for the application of AI in health care and proposes an approach to designing business models for AI health care startups.

A Better and Healthier Time to Be Alive than Ever

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Know How ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hiv Aids

This chapter discusses how the time of the COVID-19 pandemic was also a time when the world, in many respects, had never been better—or healthier. In a number of key areas—from life expectancy, to declines in poverty, to reductions in preventable diseases like HIV/AIDS—it was, and is, a more favorable time to be alive than any other point in recorded history. All these advances was a byproduct of foundational forces unfolding over time, forces like industrialization, global development, urbanization, and political changes. However, the incidental nature of this success has meant that we have yet to fully acknowledge why it occurred, which hinders our ability to advance it in the future. Why do we need to know how we got here? First, our understanding of the causes of health shapes our investment in health. America's investment in healthcare comes at the expense of their investment in the foundational drivers of health. The second reason is that if we do not understand the true causes of health, we will be unable to build a world that is ready for the next pandemic.

scholarly journals TRENDS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY IN THE MODERN WORLD

2018 ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Dmytro Lakishyk
Keyword(s):  
Modern World ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Management ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Global World ◽  
World Development ◽  
Theoretical Standpoint

The article studies modern problems of the development of democracy. The reasons for rejection of Euro-American democratic principles in the world and future scenarios for the development ofdemocracy in the context of world development are analyzed. The prospects for global democratization are greatly complicated by the current transformation of the structure of international relations and the asymmetry of its processes in various regions of the world. It is revealed that from the theoretical standpoint different “scenarios of the future of democracy” are possible: fundamentally new phases of the democratic process in some regions and its stagnation in others; interweaving and mutual enrichment of its various vectors. The key factors that will in the future determine the stability and spread of democracy are economic development and political management. The trends and prospects of the future of Ukrainian democracy in the global world are also examined.

scholarly journals Prospects for the future of commercial printing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Horváth ◽  
◽  
László Koltai ◽  
Klaudia Maňúrová ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Printing Industry ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future

The rate of change for the commercial printing industry with regard to technology, business models and customer demand is growing, and the landscape of the industry already looks vastly different from a few short decades ago. Across the commercial print sector today, there are many different types of companies – some very successful, with a young, skilled, enthusiastic workforce who have no trouble innovating and recruiting. However, as in any rapidly developing sector, other companies are trailing behind. Demographic changes are entering the market (Generation Z), as well as the upper levels of management in printing companies (Millennials), and “their preferences are now their demands”. This requires business models to be re-invented and a more intensive focus on issues relating to sustainability. The authors of the article summarize the future of the world of commercial printing and the current state of European commercial printing. They have based their work on a report published by the Smithers Research Institute in January 2020 on this topic and on the professional findings and arguments presented at major scientific conferences over the past two years, with the aim of getting these latest ideas to the earliest helping the researchers and practitioners to adapt to the rapidly changing situation and the challenge.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
Anke Walter
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future

While generic differences between different types of aetia are not as clear-cut as one might think, a more promising explanation of the differences between individual aetia is the period of literary history to which they belong. Aetia, in the specific ways in which they are narrated, are very much products of their time. They are also often told at crucial points of a narrative, and they provide privileged places for authorial self-reflection, both in terms of the larger agenda of a work and in terms of its aesthetics. Aetia are able to negotiate between different temporal frameworks, and their capacity to bridge the gap between the text and the world gives them the power to implicate the present in a very complex set of assumptions, beliefs, and convictions or exhortations for the future.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Aspects of Final Purchasers’ Marketing Activity in the Conditions of Dynamic Market Changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Izabela Baruk
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Marketing Activity ◽  
Significant Differentiation ◽  
The World

Abstract Research background: The results of the analysis of the world literature on marketing and management indicate a cognitive gap and research one regarding the forms of marketing activity of final purchasers and its image-related and relational aspects as differentiating features. These issues have not been analysed in a theoretical perspective as well as in a research one. Purpose: The article aims to define the marketing activity of contemporary final purchasers and identify the significance of selected dimensions of this activity as its differentiating features. Research methodology: To prepare the theoretical part the method of cognitive-critical analysis of the world literature was applied. In order to reduce the identified gaps, empirical research was conducted. To gather primary data a questionnaire survey was used. The collected data was statistically analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The analysed aspects differentiate forms of respondents’ marketing activity to a various degree. A statistically significant differentiation was identified for the greatest number of activities related to the situation whether respondents making purchase decisions take into account the fact that a product has been prepared by an offeror together with purchasers. Novelty: The originality of the proposed approach is evidenced by the fact that the aspects presented in this article have not been analysed so far, either in theoretical or in practical terms.

I Am Afrocentric and Pan-African: A Response to Tawanda Sydesky Nyawasha on Scholarship in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Molefi Kete Asante
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Human Study ◽  
African Studies ◽  
History Of Knowledge ◽  
Pan African ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Intellectuals

African intellectuals are debating the future of knowledge construction in the wake of the collapse of colonization, European settlerism, and apartheid. Tawanda Sydesky Nyawasha has posited the debate between Afrocentricity and Eurocentrism in his paper “I am of Popper; I am of Asante: The Polemics of Scholarship in South Africa” published in Studies in Philosophy and Education as an expression of this contested ground. This response article argues that Africans have a duty to interrogate their own epistemological discourses in order to understand the history of knowledge construction on the continent of Africa. As the construction of the first pyramid at Sakkara was a consolidating event of human study, detailed investigations, elaboration of ideas, and advancement of the sciences and arts around 2700 BCE, clearly, African studies should stand at the head of the discourses about knowledge. Therefore, in this response, the author challenges Nyawasha’s understanding of Afrocentricity and criticizes the marginalization of African perspectives as just another assertion of Eurocentric ideas as universal when in fact they arise from a specific history and culture.

scholarly journals Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Colin Mayer ◽  
Bruno Roche
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Management Innovation ◽  
Profound Change ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
Practical Reality

This book describes a profound change in business thinking. It is about business solving problems for customers, employees, suppliers, distributors, communities, environment, and societies. It requires building strong partnerships with a variety of different organizations and individuals. It necessitates expenditures and investments in human, natural, and social as well as financial and material assets, and it involves constructing metrics of performance of different types of capital. An accounting framework is required that involves reclassifying expenditures as capital rather than current costs and making appropriate provision for maintenance of relevant capitals. The book has not only set out the principles and practice of this new management innovation but also shown how companies in different sectors, parts of the world, and stages of their development have implemented them in practice. It has therefore demonstrated the practical reality as well as the conceptual theory that underpins putting purpose into practice. The reason why this matters is that shifting from profit production to problem solving is the means by which business in the future will re-establish the credibility and trust that it should command in society.

scholarly journals Challenges for the future of urban sanitation planning: critical analysis of John Kalbermatten's influence

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Kennedy-Walker ◽  
Barbara Evans ◽  
Jaime Amezaga ◽  
Charlotte Paterson
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Urban Sanitation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Planning Approaches

During the 1980s, John Kalbermatten and his colleagues at the World Bank revolutionised urban sanitation planning. During the last 30 years urban sanitation planning theory has evolved from an engineering focus to a more participatory, multi-disciplinary and user-focused future, informed largely by the work of John Kalbermatten. This paper looks at a number of the most important urban sanitation planning approaches that have emerged post-Kalbermatten and seeks to trace the influence of Kalbermatten's work on their theoretical underpinnings and characteristics. The extent to which other ideas, such as the sanitation value chain, have increasingly been incorporated into planning approaches is discussed and some of the challenges affecting successful urban sanitation which lie outside of planning are considered. Final comments centre on common themes occurring in practice, the future exploration of which offers potential to inform successful sanitation delivery in the future.

The National Bibliography in the Future: New Recommendations

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Strong Influence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
International Conference ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future

The outcome of the International Conference on National Bibliographic Services held in November 1998 was a set of revised recommendations for the national bibliography, its basis, scope and production. The recognition of the national bibliography as a bibliographic system or as a national bibliographic service (NBS) listing all the different types of document published in a country is fairly recent, being based primarily on the recommendations from two conferences on bibliographic services in 1950 and in 1977, which have had a strong influence on the development of NBSs around the world. Major changes were introduced by the new recommendations, which emphasize the importance of legal deposit regulations as the basis for NBSs, and take into account today's new technologies and media with respect to coverage as well as to production and publication of the national bibliography.

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