scholarly journals Designing and manufacturing of a user friendly and affordable nasal suction machine for Acute Bronchiolitis treatment of children in Oman

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Riyadul Mahi ◽  
Jibreal Khan ◽  
Fiseha Mekonnen Guangul
Keyword(s):  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Vacuum Pump ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Rubber Tube ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Extra Food ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
User Friendly

Acute Bronchiolitis is a disease which usually infects children of the age 0 to 6 years old. The patients infected by this disease require medical attention at hospitals. The patients must be admitted in the hospitals for a period of 2-3 days. Parents of the patients must stay in the hospital along with them. This causes lack of hospital beds, more expense of the hospital to provide extra food for the parents. By a qualitative research, it was found that parents would want an affordable device so that they could care for their children from home instead of staying at the hospital. Parents from all over Oman come to the capital so that their children can be treated. Children also tend to get exposed to more sickness by being around sick children at the hospital. Taking this problem into consideration, a circuit has been designed in such a way it was easy to use and that it could be used by parents to treat their children at home without the need to visit a hospital. The circuit works on Arduino Uno and has various pre-existing modules attached to it , the estimated cost of the device is far lesser than what the mainstream industrial devices cost. The device consists of a Bluetooth Module for the purpose of connectivity via cellphone ,a 12V vacuum pump to suck the mucus out of the patient’s lungs, variable resistor to control the force of vacuum and a rubber tube capable of fitting into the nostril to allow suction of mucus. This simple device made from the counter parts can offer significant benefits to patients affected by Acute Bronchitis.

scholarly journals Medical costs of keeping the US economy open during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangzhuo Chen ◽  
Anil Vullikanti ◽  
Stefan Hoops ◽  
Henning Mortveit ◽  
Bryan Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Health States ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Hospital Referral Region ◽  
Hospital Referral ◽  
The Us ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We use an individual based model and national level epidemic simulations to estimate the medical costs of keeping the US economy open during COVID-19 pandemic under different counterfactual scenarios. We model an unmitigated scenario and 12 mitigation scenarios which differ in compliance behavior to social distancing strategies and in the duration of the stay-home order. Under each scenario we estimate the number of people who are likely to get infected and require medical attention, hospitalization, and ventilators. Given the per capita medical cost for each of these health states, we compute the total medical costs for each scenario and show the tradeoffs between deaths, costs, infections, compliance and the duration of stay-home order. We also consider the hospital bed capacity of each Hospital Referral Region (HRR) in the US to estimate the deficit in beds each HRR will likely encounter given the demand for hospital beds. We consider a case where HRRs share hospital beds among the neighboring HRRs during a surge in demand beyond the available beds and the impact it has in controlling additional deaths.

A Method of Evaluating the Use Made of Hospital Beds

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
I. J. Jeffery ◽  
A. Barr
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Dilation And Curettage ◽  
District Nurses ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Service Basis

Illness is not in itself a sufficient ground either for admission to hospital or for continued stay in hospital. A patient should be admitted for the purpose of receiving specific medical attention, and when treatment is completed he should be discharged to the care of his general practitioner as soon as he no longer requires nursing care which can be provided only in hospital. A simple checklist procedure is described for rapidly and objectively assessing a patient's daily state of dependency on nursing care. A patient-nurse dependency chart is designed primarily to assist the attending doctor in determining the earliest time at which his patient is ready for discharge; in addition, the charts for all patients in a ward together provide the ward sister with a rapid measure of the total nursing load which must be met by her staff. In a study of uncomplicated dilation and curettage cases, it was estimated that the average stay of 5.5 days could have been safely shortened by 1–2 days if patients had been discharged as soon as they required only light nursing care such as could be provided by domiciliary services. The need for closer integration of all health services is stressed and the employment of district nurses on a fee-for-service basis is advocated.

Effects of methods of collection and sample preparation on the concentrations of B-vitamins in ruminal fluid of dairy cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Santschi ◽  
J. Chiquette ◽  
R. Berthiaume ◽  
J. J. Matte ◽  
A. F. Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Vacuum Pump ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Rubber Tube ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
Metal Mesh ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Membranes ◽  
B Vitamin

Ruminal fluid was collected from dairy cows using three methods: (1) a stomach tube, or directly through the ruminal cannula with (2) a syringe screwed to a stainless tube covered by a fine metal mesh; or (3) a rubber tube connected to a vacuum pump. Fluid samples were either acidified to disrupt bacterial membranes or centrifuged to remove the bacterial fraction. B-vitamin concentrations were higher in the acidified than in the centrifuged fluid, while the collection method had only a limited effect. Results of this study strongly suggest that B-vitamin concentration in ruminal fluid is not a good indicator of their synthesis, and that the bacterial fractions should probably be considered. Key words: B-vitamins, ruminal fluid, dairy cow

Rubber tube vacuum pump

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 505-505
Author(s):  
Glen Spielbauer
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Pump ◽  
Rubber Tube

EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF BRONCHIPRET SYRUP IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH ACUTE BRONCHITIS AND ATOPIC BACKGROUND

Fitoterapia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Marushko ◽  
◽  
T. V. Hyshchak ◽  
O. V. Khomych ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Bronchial Secretions ◽  
The Third

Keywords: acutebronchitis, atopicdermatitis, children, Bronchipret. Acute bronchitisis a topical issue in pediatrics and one of the most common reasons for seeking medical attention. In children with anallergic background, special requirements are made for the treatment of acute bronchitis, as treatment should notincrease the allergy of the body. Objective: to study the effectiveness and safety of the drug Bronchipret syrup in children with acute bronchitis and atopic background. Materials and methods. The study in volved 30 children 3- 7 years old with acute bronchitis with a burdensome anamnesis of allergic diseases. Allergic background was assessed by serum IgE levels in blood serum. During treatment, all children received the drug Bronchipret syrup 3 times a day for 10 days. Repeated clinical examinations of patients were performed for 3, 5, 7 and 10 days from admission to the hospital. Results. Against the background of complex treatment with the inclusion of the drug Bronchipret, the intensity of fever and intoxication syndrome were significantly lower on the 3rd day of hospital treatment and on the 5th day in the vast majority of children disappeared. Improvement in the discharge of nasal and bronchial secretions was observed on the third day of therapy. Increase in eosiophil content wasn’t observed in any child during treatment. Within 10 day softreatment, significant changes in serum Ig E didn’t occur. Thus, at the beginning of the rapy it was in the range of 38.3 ± 1.3 kU / l, after 10 days – 36.8 ± 1.1 kU / l. Conclusions. Thedrug Bronchipret syrup has shown good efficacy and safety, no allergic complications in children with acute bronchitis and allergic background and can be recommended for useinpediatric practice.

scholarly journals Medical Costs of Keeping the US Economy Open During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangzhuo Chen ◽  
Anil Vullikanti ◽  
Stefan Hoops ◽  
Henning Mortveit ◽  
Bryan Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Health States ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Hospital Referral Region ◽  
Hospital Referral ◽  
The Us ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
The Impact

We use an individual based model and national level epidemic simulations to estimate the medical costs of keeping the US economy open during COVID-19 pandemic under different counterfactual scenarios. We model an unmitigated scenario and 12 mitigation scenarios which differ in compliance behavior to social distancing strategies and to the duration of the stay-home order. Under each scenario we estimate the number of people who are likely to get infected and require medical attention, hospitalization, and ventilators. Given the per capita medical cost for each of these health states, we compute the total medical costs for each scenario and show the tradeoffs between deaths, costs, infections, compliance and the duration of stay-home order. We also consider the hospital bed capacity of each Hospital Referral Region (HRR) in the US to estimate the deficit in beds each HRR will likely encounter given the demand for hospital beds. We consider a case where HRRs share hospital beds among the neighboring HRRs during a surge in demand beyond the available beds and the impact it has in controlling additional deaths.

Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections

2014 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Joel T. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Cough Variant Asthma ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Chest Auscultation ◽  
Tract Infections

Respiratory symptoms are among the most frequent reasons for patients to seek medical attention. Seventy percent of patients presenting with a new cough will be diagnosed with acute bronchitis. Other common causes of a new cough include pneumonia, cough-variant asthma, congestive heart failure, rhinosinusitis, and aspiration of oral contents. Among patients presenting to their primary care provider with a cough, clinical predictors of the 10–15% who will have pneumonia are advanced patient age (OR 4.6), shortness of breath (2.4), fever (5.5), tachycardia (3.8), and localizing chest auscultation findings such as focal respiratory crackles (23.8) or rhonchi (14.6). The etiology, prognosis, and treatment of these major respiratory tract infections are vastly different and are reviewed in this chapter.

THE PEDIATRICIAN AND THE PUBLIC

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
EDWARDS A. PARK ◽  
ARTHUR H. LONDON
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Organized Medicine

In the fall of 1943, a group of members of the State Medical Society began a study of medical needs of North Carolina. It was obvious that citizens of many sections were not receiving adequate medical care. While this condition was accentuated by the war, it was known to have existed for many years and that the requirements would likely increase after the war. These doctors were of the opinion that organized medicine within the state has a very definite responsibility in furnishing leadership for a movement that would bring improved medical attention to larger groups of citizens. While North Carolina has made much progress economically in the past two decades, it, nevertheless, has a comparatively low per capita income—this, of course, is true of most southern states. It ranks third from last in the nation in the ratio of doctors to the population, and is almost as low with regard to hospital beds. Thirty-four of its 100 counties have no hospital beds, and 55 counties have no beds for Negroes. Seventy-three per cent of its population lives in rural areas—towns of 2,500 or less. Roughly, 70% of its doctors live in 10 of the more populous counties. After many discussions, the group agreed that the following factors were of importance in the overall problems: 1) Shortage of medical personnel, hospitals and their unequal distribution. 2) Inability of a large number of persons to pay for good medical service. 3) Lack of information or initiative on how to use facilities

Resistance Monitor and Control for Vacuum Evaporation of Metals and Carbon

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 572-573
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere ◽  
Eric F. Erbe ◽  
J. Michael Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Evaporation Source ◽  
And Control ◽  
At Will

We have designed and built an electronic device which compares the resistance of a defined area of vacuum evaporated material with a variable resistor. When the two resistances are matched, the device automatically disconnects the primary side of the substrate transformer and stops further evaporation.This approach to controlled evaporation in conjunction with the modified guns and evaporation source permits reliably reproducible multiple Pt shadow films from a single Pt wrapped carbon point source. The reproducibility from consecutive C point sources is also reliable. Furthermore, the device we have developed permits us to select a predetermined resistance so that low contrast high-resolution shadows, heavy high contrast shadows, or any grade in between can be selected at will. The reproducibility and quality of results are demonstrated in Figures 1-4 which represent evaporations at various settings of the variable resistor.

The Added Value of Graphical Input and Display for Electron Lens Design

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
B. Lencova ◽  
G. Wisselink
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Lens Design ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Magnetic Lens ◽  
Flux Lines ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Electron Lens ◽  
User Friendly

Recent progress in computer technology enables the calculation of lens fields and focal properties on commonly available computers such as IBM ATs. If we add to this the use of graphics, we greatly increase the applicability of design programs for electron lenses. Most programs for field computation are based on the finite element method (FEM). They are written in Fortran 77, so that they are easily transferred from PCs to larger machines.The design process has recently been made significantly more user friendly by adding input programs written in Turbo Pascal, which allows a flexible implementation of computer graphics. The input programs have not only menu driven input and modification of numerical data, but also graphics editing of the data. The input programs create files which are subsequently read by the Fortran programs. From the main menu of our magnetic lens design program, further options are chosen by using function keys or numbers. Some options (lens initialization and setting, fine mesh, current densities, etc.) open other menus where computation parameters can be set or numerical data can be entered with the help of a simple line editor. The "draw lens" option enables graphical editing of the mesh - see fig. I. The geometry of the electron lens is specified in terms of coordinates and indices of a coarse quadrilateral mesh. In this mesh, the fine mesh with smoothly changing step size is calculated by an automeshing procedure. The options shown in fig. 1 allow modification of the number of coarse mesh lines, change of coordinates of mesh points or lines, and specification of lens parts. Interactive and graphical modification of the fine mesh can be called from the fine mesh menu. Finally, the lens computation can be called. Our FEM program allows up to 8000 mesh points on an AT computer. Another menu allows the display of computed results stored in output files and graphical display of axial flux density, flux density in magnetic parts, and the flux lines in magnetic lenses - see fig. 2. A series of several lens excitations with user specified or default magnetization curves can be calculated and displayed in one session.

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