scholarly journals Transformation of former socialist industrial landscapes in Budapest

2021 ◽  
Vol XXII (2021) ◽  
pp. 104-131
Author(s):  
Melinda Harlov-Csortán
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Leisure Services ◽  
Industrial Landscapes

Budapest, the capital of Hungary, used to host numerous and diverse types of industrial activities. Their imprints on the urban fabric became especially significant during the socialist period due to the top-down decision of transferring the profile of the country from agricultural to industrial. They were realized in factories, management buildings, at huge areas supporting transport of goods on water or by trains. Moreover, districts were dedicated to the industrial workers and incorporated education, health and leisure services as well. Since the political change in 1989, most of these factories and organizations shrank then completely stopped to operate, but their premises have experienced a more varied after-life. The text introduces examples for almost entire physical elimination, complete functional change and even continuous musealizations of former industrial sites in Budapest. The investigation is based on the analysis of diverse written documents (such as policies, scientific evaluations and media coverage) as well as on-site research. Through the case study analyses from Budapest, Hungary that focus on the period between 1989 and 2016, the paper identifies general approaches of urbanization in the post-socialist time regarding to former industrial sites and the major challenges that threaten the valuation of these tangible and intangible reminiscences of the past.

Disability and Work During the Industrial Revolution in Britain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Blackie
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Paid Employment

A common claim in disability studies is that industrialization has marginalized disabled people by limiting their access to paid employment. This claim is empirically weak and rests on simplified accounts of industrialization. Use of the British coal industry during the period 1780–1880 as a case study shows that reassessment of the effect of the Industrial Revolution is in order. The Industrial Revolution was not as detrimental to the lives of disabled people as has often been assumed. While utopian workplaces for disabled people hardly existed, industrial sites of work did accommodate quite a large number of workers with impairments. More attention therefore needs to be paid to neglected or marginalized features of industrial development in the theorization of disability. Drawing on historical research on disability in the industrial workplace will help scholars better understand the significance of industrialization to the lives of disabled people, both in the past and the present.

scholarly journals Changing Revealed Comparative Advantage: A Case Study of Footwear Industry of Pakistan

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (4II) ◽  
pp. 695-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseem Akhtar ◽  
Nadia Zakiri ◽  
Ejaz Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
The Political ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Socioeconomic Environment ◽  
China And India ◽  
Footwear Industry ◽  
The World

The global export patterns are changing fast as a result of reduction in trade barriers and technological advancements that have led to gains in productivity and change in comparative advantage patterns in world economies. Asian economies such as China and India are enjoying a notable growth in changing circumstances across the world. Pakistan also has great potential for higher growth however the political threats, socioeconomic environment and lack of updated technologies are obstruction in the way of progress. Some sectors of Pakistan economy have shown a good performance in terms of production and exports. Footwear is one such industry which has increased its exports at large extent since 2003. This sector has pivotal importance in terms of providing and creating jobs, earning of foreign exchange with the help of exports and fulfilling the local consumption requirements. Both in Pakistan and around the globe, the demand for footwear is increasing. Pakistan is one of the most populous countries in the World and according to an estimate with an average population growth of 2.25 percent, about 3 million children have been born during the year 2005-06, signaling the growing demand for footwear in Pakistan. It is also estimated that about 60 percent of the World’s total consumption consists of simple footwear made entirely of non-leather materials and that for the remaining 40 percent only the upper part of the shoe is made of leather. In the manufacturing of footwear, most frequently used material consists upon leather, man-made materials, rubber / canvas / synthetic and textile along accessories. Different type of shoes are being produced by the local industry e.g. sportsmen, army, disabled persons and safety shoes for the industrial workers etc. The population of Pakistan is expected to be about 172 million in the year 2010. Keeping in view the growth in population, the growth in the demand of footwear industry is also anticipated.

scholarly journals Scandal mining: political nobodies and remediated visibility

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Trottier
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Accountability ◽  
Federal Election ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Media Channels

This article considers the 2015 federal election in Canada as the emergence of seemingly citizen-led practices whereby candidates’ past missteps are unearthed and distributed through social and news media channels. On first pass, these resemble citizen-led engagements through digital media for potentially unmappable political goals, given the dispersed and either non-partisan or multi-partisan nature of these engagements. By bringing together journalistic accounts and social media coverage alongside current scholarship on citizenship and visibility, this case study traces the possibility of political accountability and the political weaponisation of mediated visibility through the targeted extraction of candidate details from dispersed profiles, communities and databases.

scholarly journals The Art of Governance and the Political Grammar of Legitimacy: Tales of the State for a Unified Korea

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Byung-ok Kil
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Real World ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Of Affairs

This inquiry demonstrates that the political legitimacy of a certain society is historically determined, reflects specific institutional and contextual features, and employs a variety of meanings. These meanings can describe both a state of affairs and a process that ultimately involves justifications for legitimate agents and socio-political structures. This paper attepmpts to understand how the meanings of political legitimacy are conceptualized in society. As a case study, it questions: What are the conditions for the existence of political legitimacy and how have they been constructed? How is political legitimacy endorsed in South Korea today, and how does it differ from the past? This paper applies a deconstructive theory of political legitimacy that exploresa a distinctively modern style, or 'art of governance' that has an all-encompassing, as well as individualized effect upon its constituencies. By this approach, this paper argues that the concept of unification does not have a solid significance in the real world, but rather, it is an imaginary idea imposed by the dominant elite class, which is constantly imposed, reinterpreted and transformed in its political context.

scholarly journals The Political Economy of Ivory as a “Conflict Resource”

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha White
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Media

The past year has seen attention directed, both in policy discourse and the media, towards the implication of Central African non-state armed groups in poaching and ivory trafficking. Engaging with both mainstream political economy analyses and work on the “geographies of resource wars,” this paper turns to the case of ivory as a “conflict resource,” through the case study of the Lord’s Resistance Army. It begins by outlining the contextual specificities and conditions of access, before assessing the compatibility of the resource’s biophysical, spatial and material characteristics with the needs of regional armed groups and the LRA in particular. Though the direction of causality is difficult to untangle, the paper finds that poaching and the trade in ivory by armed groups in Central Africa appears to incur low opportunity costs for relatively high potential gains. Moreover, that ivory qualifies as a “conflict resource” under Le Billon’s (2008) definition in the extent to which it is likely to be implicated in the duration of conflict in the region, both financing and benefitting from a context of insecurity. Future research would benefit from more accessible and robust data; interesting avenues would include an evaluation of the effects of the increasing militarization of poaching strategies - including shoot-to-kill policies - and the potential of igniting grievance-based conflict.

Alfredo Casella and the rhetoric of colonialism

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Basini
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Music History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Popular Song ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Italian Music

AbstractWhile the political impact of Italy's 1936 Ethiopian invasion has long been recognized, its cultural history has only recently come under scrutiny. This paper investigates one musical legacy of Mussolini's colonial project by means of a case study of Alfredo Casella's Il deserto tentato (The Attempted Desert, 1937). Performed on the first anniversary of the Empire's founding and dedicated to ‘Mussolini, fondatore dell'Impero’, the work depicts the arrival of a group of Italian airmen in Ethiopia and their welcome by the indigenous peoples. I set the text against contemporary propaganda such as speeches, visual imagery and popular song, exploring tropes central to fascist imperialist rhetoric: virility, civiltà and aeronautical prowess. The opera's integration of historical musical references into a modern musical setting not only represents the theme of endowing the Ethiopian people with a history, in this case embodied by the Italian musical past, but also exemplifies a contemporary desire to make the past present in everyday fascist life. The historiography of Casella's work, what is more, characterized by the same ‘missing debate’ as the broader discussion of Italian colonialism, raises questions about the effects of Italy's ‘memory wars’ on accounts of twentieth-century Italian music history.

The business of news in the attention economy: Audience labor and MediaNews Group’s efforts to capitalize on news consumption

Journalism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice Nixon
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Citizen Journalism ◽  
Newspaper Industry ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Attention Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Consumer Surveys

This article analyzes the business of news in the early 21st century through a case study of the US newspaper company MediaNews Group. It examines the company’s efforts over the past decade to create sources of revenue while the US newspaper industry faced a growing financial crisis. This article argues it is necessary to rethink the political economy of news to see that power over news consumption is the foundation of the business of news. The concepts of an attention economy and audience labor are used to reframe the process of capitalizing on news as, fundamentally, a process of gaining power over attention in order to treat it as an exploitable form of audience labor and thereby generate revenue from news consumers or advertisers. This article then presents a study of the strategies for generating revenue used by MediaNews Group from 2006 to 2016, focusing on its clusters of newspapers in California. Ownership consolidation was the company’s key strategy until its debt and the industry’s crisis forced it into bankruptcy. The company then pursued a series of digital strategies: digital advertising, paywalls, mobile distribution, citizen journalism, copyright infringement lawsuits, and Google Consumer Surveys. None proved profitable enough, and in 2016, the company returned to ownership consolidation. MediaNews Group’s efforts over the past decade demonstrate the inescapable truth that power over attention is the key to the business of news: Capitalizing on news requires power over news consumption as a form of attention that can be exploited as news audience labor.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Beiner
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
The Political ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

An understanding of the historical dynamics of social forgetting can be learned from the detailed case study of the vernacular historiography of the 1798 Rebellion in Ulster. It has far-reaching implications for a more meaningful appreciation of the relationship between history and memory. The political impasse in post-conflict Northern Ireland, which has stumbled over disagreements on ‘dealing with the past’ in the context of finding acceptable arrangements for transitional justice, could benefit from showing more sensitivity, not only to the role of oral history storytelling, but also to ingrained traditions of ‘vernacular silence’ that perpetuate social forgetting. A brief inspection of some prominent twentieth-century examples demonstrates the wider relevance of studying social forgetting. In today’s digital age, explorations of social forgetting suggest new possibilities for reconciling conflicts between an inner duty to remember and the right to be outwardly forgotten.

HOBBES'S PUBLISHER AND THE POLITICAL BUSINESS OF ENLIGHTENMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM J. BULMAN
Keyword(s):  
Book Trade ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Politics ◽  
Public Forum ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Religious Establishment ◽  
A Site

ABSTRACTThis article argues for an ideologically neutral understanding of the early Enlightenment, the Enlightenment public, and later Stuart religious politics. It approaches these topics from the perspective of the book trade. Thomas Hobbes's publisher and man of business in the 1670s, William Crooke, set up his London bookshop as a public forum on ‘Hobbism’ that showcased the confrontation between the Anglican clergy and their most formidable foe. In his shop, Crooke set scribal copies of illicit Hobbes tracts alongside the works of his second prized author, an Enlightened Anglican apologist named Lancelot Addison. The stationer's projects included two separate schemes to publish a controversial Hobbes tract and a bishop's response to it in a single volume. The shop was frequented not only by some of the period's foremost republicans, tolerationists, and freethinkers, but also by powerful members of the political and religious establishment, many of whom condoned and actively supported Crooke's schemes. This case-study shows from the ground up why the early Enlightenment is most profitably understood as a site of struggle between competing schemes for making internecine bloodshed a thing of the past.

Stosunek Polaków do transformacji ustrojowej: główne postawy oraz ich uwarunkowania w obliczu 30. rocznicy upadku komunizmu

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-317
Author(s):  
Agata Tatarenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Public Opinion Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past

The article discusses the attitude of Poles towards the political transformation in 1989, based on opinion poll surveys, mainly those carried out by the Centre for Public Opinion Research (CBOS) over the last 25 years and focusing on those from 2014–2019. The author presents the conditions in which the opinions about the political transformation were shaped, as well as the factors that influenced this process. Next, she analyzes factors impacting the Polish society’s attitude towards the transformation. The article refers to the public discourse about the past, including the education and media coverage.

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