scholarly journals Speckled Pigmentation and Palmoplantar Keratoses Leading to the Mass Detection of Chronic Arsenic Poisoning

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheena Maureen T. Sy ◽  
Charissa Mia Salud-Gnilo ◽  
Ella Joy Nogas-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mass Detection ◽  
Arsenic Level ◽  
Arsenic Poisoning ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Comprehensive Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronic Arsenic Poisoning ◽  
One Year

Arsenic is a known human carcinogen and skin manifestations are the earliest and most specific markers of chronic arsenic poisoning. A 43-year-old man from Luzon presented at the Section of Dermatology with a one-year history of hyperkeratotic papules and plaques on the palms and soles. Numerous round hypopigmented macules were scattered on the upper back. Initial 24-hour urine arsenic level was elevated at 288mcg/liter. The patient underwent successful chelation with Nacetylpenicillamine and the palmoplantar keratoses were treated with cryotherapy and topical 20% salicylic acid in white petrolatum. In cooperation with the Department of Health, a comprehensive health and environmental assessment was conducted in the affected communities. This case highlights the role of dermatologists in the diagnosis and management of this public health problem.

Anterior fracture dislocation of the odontoid peg in ankylosing spondylitis as a cause for rhinolalia clausa: a case study

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Hilton ◽  
P Tassone ◽  
J Hanif ◽  
B Blagnys
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fracture Dislocation ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

AbstractWe present an unusual cause of rhinolalia clausa secondary to an oropharyngeal mass. A 69-year-old male presented to the otorhinolaryngology clinic with a one year history of a ‘plummy’ voice. He had a longstanding history of severe ankylosing spondylitis. Examination revealed an obvious hyponasal voice and a smooth hard mass in the midline of the posterior nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal walls. Subsequent computed tomography scans and lateral plain neck X-ray showed a fracture dislocation of the odontoid peg, secondary to ankylosing spondylitis, which had eroded through the body of the C1 vertebra to lie anteriorly, resulting in the aforementioned impression into the pharyngeal mucosa. The radiological images, the role of the nasal airways in phonation and the causes of hyponasal speech are discussed.

scholarly journals Mycobacteriosis treatment challenges in patients with HIV-infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
M. A. Savchenko ◽  
A. M. Panteleev
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
The Past ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Over the past decade, in Russian Federation there has been a steady increase in the incidence of MAC-infection in patients with HIV (the growth of nosology over the past five years, on average, was 57% per year). This determines the interest in this problem, especially in terms of the high inefficiency of treatment for the disease, the long term and cost of treatment. The history of the study of Mycobacterium Avium Complex-infection (MAC) originates in the early eighties in the United States, when the prognosis for a patient with AIDS and mycobacteriosis was extremely poor: mortality within one year after the detection of pathogen reached 71%. The role of infection in the thanatogenesis of patients was, however, established only by the beginning of the nineties. The detection of macrolide activity against the pathogen significantly improved the prognosis for patients, especially in combination with highly active antiretroviral therapy. The widespread introduction of antiviral drugs into practice and the ability to achieve immune reconstitution prevented the development of opportunistic infections, but did not solve the remaining issues of the treatment of the MAC-infection. The main one is the treatment of patients with a clarithromycin-resistant pathogen. There is no consensus on the sensitivity of non-tuberculous mycobacteria to antibacterials.

scholarly journals Serum Therapy for Tuberculosis Revisited: Reappraisal of the Role of Antibody-Mediated Immunity againstMycobacterium tuberculosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aharona Glatman-Freedman ◽  
Arturo Casadevall
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Serum Therapy

SUMMARY Fifty years after the introduction of the first effective antimicrobial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, this pathogen continues to be a tremendous public health problem. The rise in the number of resistant strains and the difficulties involved in the therapy of tuberculosis in immunocompromised AIDS patients have renewed the interest in the development of effective vaccines. To evaluate whether a potential vaccine against tuberculosis could prevent infection by eliciting a protective antibody response, we reviewed the history of antibody-mediated immunity against tuberculosis. Review of the literature of the past 100 years demonstrates that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that antibody-mediated immunity can modify the course of infection in certain situations. Based on our findings and on what is known in other systems, we propose that the role of antibody-mediated immunity to M. tuberculosis be reexamined, using advanced technology.

scholarly journals Role of Contact with Tuberculous Patients in Cases of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis.

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (152) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
D K Baskota ◽  
RCM Amatya ◽  
RP Shrivastav ◽  
BK Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

A prospective, analytical and cross-sectional study to find out the role of contact with tuberculous patientsduring the process of development of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis was currently carried out in theDepartment of ENT- Head & Neck Surgery of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Kathmandu, Nepal.Altogether 103 cases of histopathologically confirmed cases of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis of morethan six weeks of duration were included in the study during the period of one year from March, 2000 toFebruary, 2001.History of contact with tuberculous patients in the past during the development of the disease process wasfound to be positive in 19(18.4%) of the 103 cases. In rest of the 84 cases history of contact with tuberculouspatients was found to be negative (81.6%).The result of this study so far indicates that there is a minimal role of contact with tuberculous patients forthe development of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis. Although tuberculosis is known as a chroniccommunicable disease, in our study majority cases of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis did not give anyhistory of contact with tuberculous patients in the past.Key Words: Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis, tuberculous patients, communicable disease.

scholarly journals Acute Appendicitis and Its Management: A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
Mubashar Akram ◽  
Iram Shokat ◽  
Mudasar Akram
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Alvarado Score ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
One Year

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common acute surgical condition of the abdomen, which if complicated by perforation or peritonitis has high morbidity and mortality. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the presentation, diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis along with the role of conservative management in uncomplicated cases. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Govt. Medical College Jammu over a period of one year w.e.f September 2017 to August 2018 and included 120 patients. Diagnosis in the suspected patients was based on history, clinical examination coupled with laboratory investigations and imaging modalities like ultrasound/ CT Scan wherever required. Results: 120 patients of acute appendicitis were treated over the period of one year at our center. Abdominal pain was the most common and constant presentation seen in 112 patients followed by vomiting (82), history of fever (60), history of constipation and distension (20) and another 12 had history of diarrhoea. Six patients (5%) responded favorably to conservative management. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency requiring detailed history and meticulous examination coupled with X-ray and ultrasonography for diagnosis. Appendectomy is the standard procedure of choice and wherever feasible laparoscopic appendectomy offers the advantage of less pain, short hospital stay, earlier return to work and overall cost. Keywords: Acute Appendicitis, Appendectomy, Alvarado Score, Phlegmon, Abscess.

scholarly journals ROLE OF RIGID BRONCHOSCOPY IN MANAGEMENT OF TRACHEOBRONCHIAL FOREIGN BODY ASPIRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-347
Author(s):  
Israr ud Din ◽  
Muhammad Hafeez ◽  
Muhammad Junaid ◽  
Arif Raza Khan ◽  
Imran Khan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Foreign Body Bronchus ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Tracheobronchial Foreign Body ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
One Year

Objective: To determine the role of Rigid Bronchoscopy in Management of Tracheobronchial Foreign Body Aspiration. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in otolaryngology department, Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar of one year duration from January 2018 to December 2019. Total 90 Patients of age 4 months to 14 years on clinical suspicion of foreign body bronchus were included, while patients with history of bronchial asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis and radio opaque foreign body bronchus were excluded. Results: Total number of patients was 90 in which male patients were 60 (66.67 %) and female patients were 30 (33.33 %), patients with foreign body bronchus were 80 (88.89%). Male patients with foreign body bronchus was 53 (58.89%) and female 27 (30.00%). In age range from 4 months to 3 years, 35(39%) Patients underwent bronchoscopy in which foreign body bronchus retrieved in 30(37.5%) patients. Conclusion: Patients with history of repeated chest infection, relieved by medicines for some time should not be over look, as vegetative foreign body bronchus are radiolucent and patients usually present late in respiratory compromised state, the clinician must urge, for prompt treatment as rigid bronchoscopy.

Recurrent Pulmonary Disease in Children: A Complication of Gastroesophageal Reflux

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Euler ◽  
William J. Byrne ◽  
Marvin E. Ament ◽  
Eric W. Fonkalsrud ◽  
Cory T. Strobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Esophageal Function ◽  
History Of ◽  
Esophageal Function Testing ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nocturnal Cough ◽  
Function Testing ◽  
Possible Cause

To evaluate the role of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) as a possible cause of recurrent pulmonary disease, 30 children, aged 1 to 18 years, were studied prospectively with esophageal function tests. These included esophagram (30 patients), esophageal manometry (29 patients), pH probe (Tuttle) test (29 patients), and esophagoscopy with esophageal biopsy (23 patients). The patients studied had either chronic asthma or two or more documented pneumonias within a one-year period. Nineteen (63%) had GER based on two or more positive tests. Eighteen had positive Tuttle tests; 13 had abnormal manometry studies; nine had esophagitis on biopsy; six had esophagitis on esophagoscopy; and five had reflux on esophagram. Of those with GER, 17 had a history of nocturnal cough and eight vomited during infancy. Children with recurrent pulmonary disease should have esophageal function testing to exclude GER as the cause.

The Toxic Impact of Life Behind Bars

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-74
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Comprehensive Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health And Well Being

Chapter 5 unpacks some key components of the damaging environment of prison and considers what a different approach to incarceration might look like. Researcher Jim Parsons provides an overview of the health impacts of incarceration, while Sara Wakefield offers new data on family history of incarceration and opportunities to mitigate the effects. Physician Homer Venters describes the lack of comprehensive health outcomes data, and designer and researcher Regina Yang Chen addresses the influence of prison design on the health and well-being of residents, staff, and the community. Finally, Kempis Songster, released from prison after serving 30 years for a murder he committed at age 15, grounds the narrative in lived experience. All are united in their call to reimagine the ways our country responds to crime and the role of incarceration.

scholarly journals Farm worker injuries on Western Cape fruit farms: The role of the Lay Health Worker

Curationis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Marais ◽  
A Kritzinger
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Work Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Aim and method: An exploratory and descriptive study to obtain basic data on the extent, nature, sources and severity of injuries sustained on fruit farms was conducted. The possibility of utilizing lay health workers (LHWs) on farms to document routine information on injuries was also investigated. Descriptive information of all injuries occurring on selected farms, both occupational and other, needing some form of treatment, were documented over a one-year period from June 1999 to May 2000. A purposive non-probability sampling method was used. Forty-eight fruit farms with a history of trained LHWs were purposefully selected. Injuries were documented using a one-page questionnaire. Results: A total of 500 injuries were recorded, giving an average of 10.4 injuries per farm per year. Half of these injuries were work-related. Workers aged 20-39 were most at risk. Injuries sustained were related to routine activities of fruit farming, occurred mostly in the orchards and involved cuts, bruises and abrasions to the hands, including the fingers, and the eyes. Most of the non-work related injuries occurred in and around the home. A third of these injuries were sustained by persons <20. A large percentage of the non-work related injuries were violence- and alcohol related. Most of the injuries required basic primary health care that could be managed by the LHW. Injury severity caused people to take time off for one third of the cases. Conclusion: A relatively high occupational injury rate in comparison to high-income countries. Occupational Health and Safety legislation needs to be institutionalized and adhered to. Alcohol and violence on farms is a serious public health problem. LHWs could potentially play an important role in documenting injury data.

Beyond Politics: A Social and Cultural History of Federal Healthcare Conscience Protections

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Parr
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Patient Access ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Health And Human Services ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
History Of

The day before the inauguration of his Democratic successor, President George W. Bush oversaw the promulgation of an administrative rule that extended “sweeping” new conscience protections to healthcare providers, one which would allow them to refuse to participate in or refuse to refer for medical services to which they morally or religiously object. Enacted in a funding regulation through the Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), the rule – commonly called the Provider Conscience Regulation (“Regulation”) – purported to clarify and implement existing federal law; by its own terms; however, the Regulation pushed the boundaries of those laws, granting protections to a broader class of individuals and across a wider range of services. In so doing, the Regulation sought to resolve an ongoing tension between patient access and provider autonomy, yet it served to reignite a long-standing debate over the proper role of morals in medicine.

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