scholarly journals Analysis of species diversity of forests on the territory of Kharkivska Oblast

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Bondar ◽  
Liudmyla Tkach ◽  
Nelia Tsytsiura ◽  
Oksana Halahan ◽  
Olena Tryhuba
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Forest Typology ◽  
Typological Structure ◽  
Common Oak

The paper presents the findings of a study of species diversity of forests in the Kharkivska Oblast. The study was conducted on the territory of ten forestry enterprises and the State Enterprise Kharkiv Forest Research Station and the Homilsha Woods National Nature Park on an area of 282.3 thousand ha (area is subordinated to the State Forest Resources Agency of Ukraine). The purpose of the study was to analyse the species diversity and typological structure of forests in the Kharkivska Oblast. The study of species diversity was carried out based on analysis of the subcompartment database of the VO Ukrderzhlisproekt. The plantations were classified by the trophotope on the territory of the research facility in accordance with the main methodological provisions of the Ukrainian forestry and forest typology. A diagrammatic map of forests and dominant species (common oak and Scots pine) was compiled using the MapInfo Professional 12.5 software package and a vector map of 12 forestries in the Kharkivska Oblast. It has been established that 56 species of trees grow in the Kharkivska Oblast. Among these tree species, the predominant ones are common oak (53.4%) and Scots pine (32.7%). The distribution of plantations by trophotope is characterised by certain features. For example, dubrava conditions prevail in the stands (65.6% of the total area covered by forest vegetation), subor forests are 3.5 times less represented, and sudubravas and pine forests are the least common. Among the forest types, the most common are fresh maple-linden dubravas (43.7%) and fresh oak-pine subors (18.9%). The practical significance of the study is that the analysis of species diversity and typological structure of forests must be taken into account during the planning, organisation, and conduct of forestry activities in the Kharkivska Oblast

scholarly journals Land inventory as a prerequisite for effective land resource management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Butenko ◽  
◽  
A. Danshova ◽  
I. Yurchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
State Management ◽  
Land Inventory

This article discusses the issue of land inventory. It is noted that land inventory is one of the main means of ensuring effective land management. In addition, the problems that can be solved by land inventory for the effective management of land resources are demonstrated. It is stated that land inventory is a certain tool for land policy through land monitoring, which allows to identify inconsistencies in land use and land condition. It was revealed that the main purpose of the inventory is to create an information basis for maintaining the state land cadastre, control over land use and registration of land plots. It is considered that the clarification of the legislative regulation of land inventory will contribute to the quality of state management of land resources of Ukraine. The article explored two objects. The current state of use of their lands is analyzed. As a result, ways to solve the problems that exist in the use of land of the State Enterprise «Experimental Farm «Victory» Volyn State Agricultural Research Station of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine» and the Experimental Station of Tobacco of the National Research Center «Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine».

scholarly journals Characteristics Of Natural Oak Forests Of In Se "Khmilnytske Lisove Hospodarstvo" And Implementation Of Measures For Their Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Oleh Vasylevskyi ◽  
Ihor Neyko ◽  
Yurii Yelisavenko ◽  
Mykhailo Matusiak
Keyword(s):  
Stand Density ◽  
The State ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Quality Class ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Common Oak

As a consequence of the intensive economic use of oak forests in the region, the share of stands of natural origin is significantly reduced, which requires an in-depth study of their condition, productivity, and natural restoration processes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the state, structure, and reforestation processes of oak forests for their further natural reproduction. Generally accepted methods in forestry and comparative ecology were used to compare the dynamics and condition of the studied stands with the reference ones. The paper presents the findings of the study of the productivity and state of natural forests within the state enterprise “Khmilnytske lisove hospodarstvo”. It was found out that natural oak stands are represented by 7 forest types, mainly in fresh hornbeam oak forest (area – 471 hectares). According to the results obtained, it was found that natural oak stands of vegetative origin predominate within the studied enterprise (528.6 ha). They are mainly represented by forests of the 11th age class (188.0 ha). High-bonitat oak forests of the 1st quality class predominate. Mature and over-mature stands have slightly lower productivity (2nd quality class, stand density of 0.6-0.7). The largest total reserve is characterised by stands of the 11th age class. The maximum average reserves are typical for stands of the 9th age class (290 m3 /ha). The greatest share of oak in stand composition (9-10 units) was found in stands of 9-10 age classes. The study shows that the natural renewal of oak is concentrated mainly in fresh sudubrava (fresh hornbeam sudubrava) in plantings in the presence of Scots pine and common oak. The density of natural renewal is 1-3 thousand units/ha. The practical value of the study is conditioned by the possibility of introducing the basic principles of forestry aimed at growing stable high-yield stands of common oak through more complete utilisation of natural renewal

scholarly journals Forestry-Taksatic Structure of Forests at SE "Kremenetsk LH"

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
O. B. Bondar ◽  
L. I. Tkach ◽  
V. A. Solodovnik
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
The State ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Forest Enterprises ◽  
Common Oak

The study of the forestry-taxation structure of plantations plays an important role during the conduct of economic activities in the territory of forest enterprises of Ukraine. So, timely taken forestry measures will allow to increase the productivity of forest plantations in the territory of forestry enterprises in the future. The database of the Ukrderzhlisproekt JSC as of 01.01.2012 was used for the analysis of the forestry-taxation structure of forests at the State Enterprise "Kremenets Forestry". The typological diversity of forests was characterized according to the developed classification of Alekseiev-Pogrebniak. The total area of the forestry land of the state enterprise “Kremenets Forestry” for the period from 01.01.2009 to 01.01.2012 has not changed and makes up 28,9 hectares, only the area of forest crops increased by 369 hectares and areas covered with forest vegetation increased by 184 ha, the total reserve increased by 246cubic meters and a natural renewal increased by 27 hectares. The structure of areas covered with forest operational forests are prevailing, the share of which is 51 %, forests of nature protection, scientific, historical and cultural purposes – 28 %, recreational-and-health-improving forests – 19 %, and protective ones – 2 % only. The typological diversity of forests in the territory of the experimental site is characterized by a significant number of forest types. The largest area is under the fresh hornbeam forest – 12374 hectares (of which 7378 hectares (60 %) under common oak and other species), and the least area is under the raw black-alder sudubrava – 333 hectares, while other types of forests occupy 408 hectares. The largest total reserve is the pine forest, which is 2785 thousand m3, the second by the number - common oak – 2319 thousand m3, the smallest reserve is forest beech (0,5 thousand m3) and other wood species (0,3 thousand m3). The average change in the reserve at the state enterprise "Kremenets Forestry"; pine forest and common oak have the largest change (49 and 37 thousand m3), and the smallest change in the reserve is in forest beech and other wood species and makes up only 0,26 thousand m3. The average age of wood species: common oak – 67 years (the largest one), common hornbeam – 66 years, pine and silver birch – 57 years, norway spruce has the smallest average age – 33 years. By improvement cutting, the formation of plantations of good natural composition and improvement of the sanitary condition of forests is carried out in an area of about 1,4 hectares in average over the last revision period

scholarly journals Recreational and health forests of Kremenets district, Ternopil region

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
О. Bondar ◽  
N. Tsytsiura
Keyword(s):  
Common Type ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
Total Forest Area ◽  
Forest Typology ◽  
Typological Structure ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Artificial Origin

The article presents the results of the research of recreational and health stands in Kremenets district of Ternopil region. The total area of these forests is 5868.2 hectares. Studies of the typological structure of the forests were carried out according to the methods of AlekseevPohrebniak Forest Typology of Forestry Ecological School. MapInfo Professional 12.0 and a vector map of Ukraine were used to construct a map-scheme of the research region. The typological variety of recreational and health-improving stands is represented from subors (В) to dubravas (D). Thus, dubravas are the largest share among them (72.9% of the total area covered with forest vegetation). The share of the area of sudubravas is 17.7% of the total area covered with forest vegetation; the rest is subors (9.4%). Forest managers have identified 14 types of forests on the territory of the research facility. Thus, there are only 2 types of forest in the subors, 8 types of forest in the sudubravas and 4 types of forests in the dubravas. The most common type of forest in Kremenets district is fresh hornbeam forest represented 71.6% of the total area covered with forest vegetation. The share of fresh hornbeam-oak-pine forest reaches 17.1%; a slightly smaller share is represented by fresh oak-pine subors — 9.4%. The forest species diversity is represented by 22 species of trees. Thus, among these tree species, the largest area is occupied by Common Oak (Quercus robur L.) — 40.6% of the total area covered with forest vegetation, and 29.1% — by Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Stands of artificial origin (78.0% of the total area covered with forest vegetation) are dominant; the rest of stands have natural origin (22.0%). The age structure of stands is unbalanced. Middle-aged stands dominate (57.9% of the total area covered with forest vegetation). The share of maturing, young and matured forests ranges from 9.0 to 14.9% of the total forest area. In terms of relative completeness, stands with a density of 0.71–0.8 dominate which is 37.7% of the total area covered with forest vegetation. The share of stands with completeness of 0.61–0.7 (29.9%) and 0.81–0.9 (14.5%) is slightly smaller. The bonitete classes are dominated by stands of the I bonitete class — 51.3% of the total area covered with forest vegetation. Thus, the share of II, Ia and III bonitete classes varies from 7.1 to 23.3% of the total forest area

scholarly journals PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS OF ROOT SPONGE OF PINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST EDATOPS AND CLIMATE CHANGE STATE ENTERPRISE «ZARICHANSKE FORESTRY»

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Levchenko ◽  
G. Martenuk ◽  
I. Pasichnyk ◽  
T. Maksymova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
The Impact

Topical issues of forest pathological monitoring of Scots pine plantations on old arable lands affected by root sponge, as well as the impact of different soil types and climate change on the degree of damage to 20-35-year-old pine stands are substantiated.The subject of the work is the causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine, which has become widespread in the old arable lands in the conditions of the State Enterprise "Zarichanske Forestry". The causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine affects forest plantations aged 20-35 years on lands withdrawn from agricultural use. Climate change, in particular the increased temperature of the above-ground air layer, as well as the decrease in precipitation during June-August, exacerbate the pathological process of the root sponge pathogen of Scots pine, which forms epiphytosis in large areas.The aim of the work is a detailed study of the pathology of the causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine in old arable lands, as well as the impact of different soil types and climatic conditions on the spread of infection in forest edatops of the State Enterprise «Zarichanske Forestry».The main methods of work are calculation and analytical collection and processing of phytopathological examination of pine plantations on old arable lands, monitoring of the impact of different types of forest soils on the spread of the root sponge of Scots pine in forest edatopes of the State Enterprise «Zarichanske Forestry» and pine stands with determination of the nature of drying depending on the degree of damage by the pathogen of the root sponge with changes in climatic conditions.According to the results of the work it was established that the causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine affects stands at a young age of 20-35 years, depending on the type of fallow soils used in agriculture, as well as changes in climatic factors. It is established that the increase in temperature in the surface layer of the soil in June-August to +32oC significantly reduces the resistance of pine stands to the pathogen of the root sponge.The scope of the results is the forestry enterprises of the Zhytomyr Regional Department of Forestry and Hunting in order to preserve and protect the incoming pine forest plantations from the pathogen of the root sponge in the Polissya zone of Ukraine.The conclusions of the research are that in pine plantations on old arable lands the decisive role belongs to the pathogen of the root sponge in the curtain drying of pine stands in the conditions of A2-A3, B2-B3 of SE «Zarichanske Forestry». Foci of drying of Scots pine stands are formed on infertile soils lighter in mechanical composition. The decrease in rainfall and the increase in air temperature to +32, + 36oC for the period 2018-2020 has led to a significant decrease in the resistance of pine stands in old arable lands to the pathogen of the root sponge of Scots pine. High density of pine stands at a young age (25-30 years) and stopping the radial growth in conditions of excessive density without active differentiation and timely fall lead to a decrease in the resistance of Scots pine to the pathogen of the root sponge and as a result - their complete drying. In the cells of pine stands from the causative agent of the root sponge, the effect of precipitation during active growth (June-August) is higher than the coefficient of determination r=0.70 p<0.01 than in the adjacent intact stand (r=0.43, p <0.05). This means the leading role of moisture in increasing the resistance of pine stands to the pathogen of the root sponge at 25-35 years of age. Reduction of precipitation from 420 to 210 mm during 2010-2020 in the areas of forest use of SE «Zarichanske LH» with a simultaneous increase in air temperature in the surface layer from 25 to 32 oC is one of the reasons for reducing the stability of pine plantations aged 25-30 years on old arable lands to the pathogen of the root sponge of Scots pine.Keywords: pathogen, Scots pine, forest stands, epiphytosis, soil type, arable land, climate change.

scholarly journals The state of hydrobionts in the Tyub‐Karagan Bay structure, Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
A. Kenzhegaliev ◽  
A. Sh. Kanbetov ◽  
A. A. Abilgazieva ◽  
A. К. Sakhmanova ◽  
D К. Kulbatyrov 
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Aim. The purpose of the research was to study the state of hydrobionts in the Tyub‐Karagan Bay structure by season for a comparative analysis of their state with previous studies by the authors.Material and Methods. The conditions of hydrobionts (phyto, zoo‐plankton and macrozoobenthos) of the Tyub‐Karagan Bay structure have been studied for three seasons. Studies were carried out by traditional methodology.Results. The species composition of phytoplankton communities in spring was found to be less constant than in autumn; this is associated with heterogeneity in external conditions at the beginning of the growing season. The seasonal dynamics of zooplankton conformed to certain patterns. As a rule, from the beginning to the end of the growing season there was an enrichment of species composition and an increase in the quantitative indicators of zooplankton communities. The highest biomass was formed by bottom cenoses, where large mollusks play a leading role.Conclusion. During the 2018 research period, species richness and species diversity of phytoplankton were at a high level. Representatives of two categories were observed most often. Blue‐green dominated in number, while diatoms formed the basis of biomass. Species richness and species diversity of zooplankton was at a low or moderate level and most often constant. The seasonal dynamics of macrozoobenthos had common and specific features, depending on the research station location. Disproportionate changes in the quantitative indicators of bentonites are associated with a decrease in the average weight of individuals by autumn. This happened both through the strengthening of the role of small species and by an increase in the proportion of younger age stages in populations of bottom invertebrates.

Ground of mechanism of pay in a budget for the pipelinetransporting of hydrocarbon commodities

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Adam Bodіuk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
State Recognition ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hydrocarbon Transport

The subject of the study is the mechanism for determining the fiscal fee forthe main transportation of hydrocarbon goods as a resource concept. The purposeof this article is to justify the nature and prospects of using, instead of currentrent, hydrocarbon fiscal-main income as a fiscal payment, which is brought intothe state budget by operators of the main hydrocarbon-transport system as business entities for their transportation of hydrocarbons and products of their processing through main pipelines appropriate to the economic requirements. Theresearch methodology is determined by a combination of methods: a) cognition:legal analysis (study of the regulatory framework for the use of rent); b) justification: abstract logical analysis (definition of the concepts of hydrocarbon fiscalmain income); c) generalization (substantiation of conclusions and proposals).Results of work. In the process of analyzing the regulatory legal acts that regulate the use of current annuity as payment to the budget for the main transportation of hydrocarbons, it was established that it is not a tax in the interpretationof PKU, since the essence does not meet the official definition of tax, does notmeet the accepted definition of the concept of rent. The accepted nature andmechanism of paying rent for the transportation of hydrogen resources and associated revenues of the state and users of the main hydrogen transport systemand the unpromising nature of its use as a fiscal payment are analyzed. Conclusions.It is proposed that the state pay for the territorial pumping of hydrocarbon resources according to our triple principle as hydrocarbon fiscal-main income, whichcorresponds to its essence, and accordingly change the mechanism for calculatingand depositing funds to treasury accounts. Since the funds come to the revenueside of the state budget, that is, inherently belong to state revenue. The creationof such a mechanism needs certain studies, justifications and government decisions. The same applies to land use, since the quality indicators of soils, wherethe laid pipelines are territorially different. In addition, there is a process ofchanging land for its intended purpose, for the property. The fee for movinghydrocarbon resources should be calculated depending on the type of transport,including pipelines, for a set of indicators: quantity and quality of goods, time,main tariffs and distance of its movement. The amount may be adjusted usingfactors officially established by the CMU. Since the pipelines are located in territorial lands, part of this fee should be transferred to the territorial local budgets.Theoretically, the economic use of trunk pipelines should be considered as a typeof economic environmental management. Therefore, this type of government revenue should be determined by a set of indicators, as well as taking into account the economic interests of business entities authorized by the CMU. Thus, theimplementation of our proposed fiscal payment is relevant, has scientific noveltyand promising practical significance, therefore, for state recognition it is proposedto include it in the Tax Code of Ukraine.

RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF JOB INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OUTPUT DOSIMETRIC CONTROL ON THE REGIME TERRITORY OF THE STATE ENTERPRISE «PRYDNIPROVSKYI CHEMICAL PLANT»

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
A. Andrieieva ◽  
◽  
Ye. Tiurin ◽  
T. Obukhova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Plant ◽  
The State ◽  
State Enterprise

Мета: Відповідно до сфери діяльності служби радіаційного контролю ДП «38 ВІТЧ» території колишнього уранового виробництва ВО «ПХЗ» необхідно виявити загальні та специфічні особливості несення служби підрозділу та запропонувати розробку універсальної інструкції при здійсненні вихідного дозиметричного контролю на режимній території ВО «ПХЗ». Методика: аналіз дослідження дозволив виявити характерні закономірності впливу природних і антропогенних джерел іонізуючих випромінювання на величину ефективної дози опромінення населення та сучасна концепція радіаційного захисту людини. Результати: встановлені завдання вихідного радіаційного контролю, вихідного радіаційного експрес-контролю, проведення другого рівня радіаційного контролю, оптимізовані права та обов’язки співробітників служби дозиметричного контролю. Розроблений порядок та інструкція проведення вихідного радіаційного контролю вантажів та транспортних засобів. Регламентовані радіаційні параметри, що підлягають контролю. Обґрунтований раціональний перелік обов'язків дозиметриста, щодо переміщення через КПП режимної території. Наукова новизна: підвищення рівня безпеки на території колишнього виробничого об’єднання ВО «ПХЗ», що відображають усі аспекти діяльності служби радіаційного контролю. Практичне значення: При наявності на підприємстві затверджених інструкцій (особливо щодо перетину периметру режимної території), всі ланки (служби) підприємства ДП «38 ВІТЧ» ясно розумують, які обов’язки повинні виконувати, що в свою чергу поліпшує атмосферу в колективі та зменшує вірогідність похибки при вхідному або вихідному радіаційному контролі. Ключові слова: вихідний та вхідний радіаційний контроль, контрольно-пропускний пункт (КПП), дозиметрист, інструкція, вантаж, транспортний засіб, дозові рівні.

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