scholarly journals Effects of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Behavior of ASTM A-36 Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5320-5324
Author(s):  
I. Alenezi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss Measurement ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Loss Measurement ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quenched Steel ◽  
Steel Hardening

The effects of different tempering temperatures and heat treatment times on the corrosion resistance of rolled ASTM A-36 steel in various concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were studied in this work, using the conventional weight loss measurement. Rolled and heat-treated specimens were placed in the acidic media for five days and for seven days in NaCl, respectively, and the corrosion rates were evaluated. The microstructure of steel before and after heat treatment was studied. Corrosion resistance revealed remarkable changes from the effect of tempering after water or oil quenching of steel. Generally, the corrosion rate increases from the effect of steel hardening. Tempering of water-quenched steel at 450Co for one hour highly improves the corrosion resistance of 0.27% carbon steel.

Characterization of Ni-P and Ni-P-Al2O3 Heat Treated Layers

2017 ◽  
Vol 1143 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Lucica Balint ◽  
Gina Genoveva Istrate
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Initial State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After

Research has shown the relationship among hardness, usage and corrosion resistance Ni-P-Al2O3 composite coatings on steel support heat treated. The electroless strips were heat treated at 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C and 600°C. Further studies on corrosion, hardness and usage revealed changes in properties, compared to the initial state, both on the strips coated with Ni-P and the ones coated with Ni-P-Al2O3 composite. The samples have been studied before and after the heat treatment via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results show that untreated Ni-P layers exhibit strong corrosion resistance, while hardness and usage increase with heat treatment temperature, with a peak at 400 °C. Using suspended particles co-deposition, led to new types of layers, some with excellent hardness and usage properties. Corrosion resistance increase with heat treatment. Coating layers can be adjusted to the desired characteristics, by selecting proper parameters for the expected specific results.

scholarly journals Effect of Experimental Aging on the Performance of Al-7.9Mg-13.3Zn and Al-10.5Mg-8.6Zn Alloys as Sacrificial Anodes

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernández ◽  
Torres ◽  
Serna ◽  
Mayén ◽  
Campillo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Sacrificial Anodes ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms ◽  
Zn Alloys

Light aluminum alloys have a great importance in industry owing to generally accessible costs, low density, good machinability, and corrosion resistance under certain environments. The present work studies aging treatments that preform important roles on the distribution and microstructural changes of two AlMg-Zn alloys, and the resulting effect on the corrosion behavior. The experimental AlMg-Zn alloys were cast and then heat treated at 200 °C, after the solubilization treatments were made, using different treatment times. These alloys showed important changes in their corrosion mechanisms, but mainly, corrosion started at AlxMgyZnz complex phases in both alloys. The optimal corrosion rates were reached after 5 and 24 hours of heat treatment. These results were obtained through electrochemical techniques in NaCl solutions, and by metallographic analysis using SEM and optical microscopy.

AN APPROXIMATION TO DETERMINE CORROSION AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF TI-BASED ALLOYS

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150001
Author(s):  
YESIM YILMAZ ◽  
HULYA DEMIROREN
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion ◽  
Cp Ti

Titanium and its alloys used in biomaterial applications are preferrably the cause of high-corrosion resistance properties in addition to having good mechanical properties. Commercially pure Ti (CP-Ti) (Grade 2), Ti6Al4V (Grade 5) and Ti6Al4V-ELI (Grade 23) samples are used as biomaterials exposed to 750°C and 1060°C for 1[Formula: see text]h. The samples were cooled in air after heat treatment at 750°C, the other samples were cooled in water after heat treatment at 1060°C. The free-heat treatment samples are as producted. Microstructures of heat-treated samples and non-made samples by comparison were evaluated before and after corrosion process microstructures and tensile strengths. Test solution is 0.5[Formula: see text]mol H2SO[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol HCl mixture. The corrosion resistance of the titanium samples was evaluated. Microstructure images were monitorized on optical and SEM microscopes. In this paper, the effect of heat treatment was determined on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistances of the material. As a result, heat treatment is useful on corrosion resistance of alloyed samples.

scholarly journals Nanomechanical Behavior, Adhesion and Corrosion Resistance of Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Orthopedic Implant Applications

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Kaouther Khlifi ◽  
Hafedh Dhiflaoui ◽  
Amir Ben Rhouma ◽  
Joël Faure ◽  
Hicham Benhayoune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Homogeneous Microstructure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Coatings ◽  
Adhesion Behavior ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Scratch Tests

The aim of this work was to investigate the nanomechanical, adhesion and corrosion resistance of hydroxyapatite (HAP) coatings. The electrodeposition process was used to elaborate the HAP coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy. The effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration H2O2 on the electrolyte and the heat treatment was studied. Surface morphology of HAP coatings was assessed, before and after heat treatment, by scanning electron microscopy associated with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDXS). Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to identify the coatings’ phases and composition. Nanoindentation and scratch tests were performed for nanomechanical and adhesion behavior analysis. The corrosion resistance of the uncoated, the as-deposited, and the heat-treated coatings was investigated by electrochemical test. The obtained results revealed that, with 9% of H2O2 and after heat treatment, the HAP film exhibited a compact and homogeneous microstructure. The film also showed a crystal growth: stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HAP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). After heat treatment, the nanomechanical properties (H, E) were increased from 117 ± 7 MPa and 24 ± 1 GPa to 171 ± 10 MPa and 38 ± 1.5 GPa respectively. Critical loads (LC1, LC2, and LC3) were increased from 0.78 ± 0.04, 1.6 ± 0.01, and 4 ± 0.23 N to 1.45 ± 0.08, 2.46 ± 0.14, and 4.35 ± 0.25 N (respectively). Furthermore, the adhesion strength increased from 8 to 13 MPa after heat treatment. The HAP heat-treated samples showed higher corrosion resistance (Rp = 65.85 kΩ/cm2; Icorr = 0.63 µA/cm2; Ecorr = −167 mV/ECS) compared to as-deposited and uncoated samples.

scholarly journals Studies on the effect of Cold Plastic Deformation and Heat Treatment on the Microstructural Arrangement and Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in Acidic Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
C. S. Obayi ◽  
J. C. Nwobodo ◽  
S. I. Neife ◽  
C. C. Daniel-Mkpume
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Cold Plastic Deformation ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Deformation And Heat Treatment ◽  
Cold Pressed

Mild steel is the most extensively used carbon steel for numerous industrial applications, where it is exposed to various service environments containing acids, bases and salt solutions. From industrial point of view, plastic deformation and heat treatment are among the essential manufacturing steps in mild steel processing and these steps can implicate its corrosion behaviour. This work investigated the effect of cold plastic deformation and subsequent high temperature heat treatment on the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of mild steel in two different concentrations (0.5M and 1.0M) of sulphuric acid (H2SO4), using the weight loss method. Mild steel samples were cold pressed to thickness reduction of 20%, 40% and 50% and subsequently heat treated at 700oC and 900°C and then air-cooled. The test duration lasted for 25 days and the weight loss measurements were taken at intervals of 5 days. It was observed that corrosion rates of the samples were generally higher in the 1.0M than in 0.5M acid solution. The as-received and heat-treated mild steel samples exhibited higher corrosion rates than the cold-pressed and heat-treated samples. The results indicated strongly that cold working accompanied by heat treatment improves corrosion resistance of mild steel in acidic media.

scholarly journals Corrosion inhibition of Zinc by Imidazol in Acidic Media

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-199
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Weight Loss Measurement ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Protection Efficiency ◽  
Loss Measurement ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy

The inhibitive effect of imidazol on the dissolution of Zn in (1M) HCl has been studied. The inhibion effect of imidazol ,protection efficiency and the corrosion rate of Zn in (1M) HCl were investigated at various concentrations (1x 10-3 – 5x10-3) M and tempearture range (285-328) K. The corrosion inhibitive of Zn by imidazol was studied using weight loss measurement and analytical titration of the amounts of dissolved zinc in acidic solution in presence and absent of imidazol. It was observed that imidazol led to protection efficiency reached to (88.93)% when (10)mM imidazol concentration was used. A linear relationship came true between (C/?) and (C); where (?) is the coverage of Zn surface by imidazol which could be obtained from the rate of corrosion in the presence and absent of inhibitor in the acid solution and (C) is the concentration of imidazol. This linear relationship indicate that the inhibition action occure via Langmiur adsorption mechanism. Eventually, the corrosion rates, activated energy ,Arrhenius constant, changes in free energy, enthalpy and entropy accompanying with imidazol adsorption on Zn surface were calculated.

Heat Treatment Influence on the Corrosion Resistance of a Cu-Al-Fe-Mn Bronze

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Ciurdas ◽  
Ioana Arina Gherghescu ◽  
Sorin Ciuca ◽  
Alina Daniela Necsulescu ◽  
Cosmin Cotrut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures

Aluminium bronzes are exhibiting good corrosion resistance in saline environments combined with high mechanical properties. Their corrosion resistance is obviously confered by the alloy chemical composition, but it can also be improved by heat treatment structural changes. In the present paper, five Cu-Al-Fe-Mn bronze samples were subjected to annealing heat treatments with furnace cooling, water quenching and water quenching followed by tempering at three different temperatures: 200, 400 and 550�C. The heating temperature on annealing and quenching was 900�C. The structure of the heat treated samples was studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, the five samples were submitted to corrosion tests. The best resistance to galvanic corrosion was showed by the quenched sample, but it can be said that all samples are characterized by close values of open-circuit potentials and corrosion potentials. Concerning the susceptibility to other types of corrosion (selective leaching, pitting, crevice corrosion), the best corrosion resistant structure consists of a solid solution, g2 and k compounds, corresponding to the quenched and 550�C tempered sample.

EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND CORROSION RESISTANCE OF Ni-B-W-Mo COATING DEPOSITED BY ELECTROLESS METHOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950023 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARKADEB MUKHOPADHYAY ◽  
TAPAN KUMAR BARMAN ◽  
PRASANTA SAHOO
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Sodium Molybdate ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Electroless Coatings

The present work reports the deposition of a quaternary Ni-B-W-Mo coating on AISI 1040 medium carbon steel and its characterization. Quaternary deposits are obtained by suitably modifying existing electroless Ni-B bath. Composition of the as-deposited coating is analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The structural aspects of the as-deposited and coatings heat treated at 300[Formula: see text]C, 350[Formula: see text]C, 400[Formula: see text]C, 450[Formula: see text]C and 500[Formula: see text]C are determined using X-ray diffraction technique. Surface of the as-deposited and heat-treated coatings is examined using a scanning electron microscope. Very high W deposition could be observed when sodium molybdate is present in the borohydride-based bath along with sodium tungstate. The coatings in their as-deposited condition are amorphous while crystallization takes place on heat treatment. A nodulated surface morphology of the deposits is also observed. Vickers’ microhardness and crystallite size measurement reveal inclusion of W and Mo results in enhanced thermal stability of the coatings. Solid solution strengthening of the electroless coatings by W and Mo is also observed. The applicability of kinetic strength theory to the hardening of the coatings on heat treatment is also investigated. Corrosion resistance of Ni-B-W-Mo coatings and effect of heat treatment on the same are also determined by electrochemical techniques.

Failure analysis of heat treated HSLA wheel bolt steels

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-382
Author(s):  
Ali Nazari ◽  
Shadi Riahi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Molybdenum Steel ◽  
Optimum Heat

PurposeThe aims of this study is to analyze failure of two types of high‐strength low‐alloy (HSLA) steels which are used in wheel bolts 10.9 grade, boron steel and chromium‐molybdenum steel, before and after heat treatment.Design/methodology/approachThe optimum heat treatment to obtain the best tensile behavior was determined and Charpy impact and Rockwell hardness tests were performed on the two steel types before and after the optimum heat treating.FindingsFractographic studies show a ductile fracture for heat‐treated boron steel while indicate a semi‐brittle fracture for heat‐treated chromium‐molybdenum steel. Formation of a small boron carbide amount during heat treating of boron steel results in increment the bolt's tensile strength while the ductility did not changed significantly. In the other hand, formation of chromium and molybdenum carbides during heat treating of chromium‐molybdenum steel increased the bolt's tensile strength with a considerable reduction in the final ductility.Originality/valueThis paper evaluates failure analysis of HSLA wheel bolt steels and compares their microstructure before and after the loading regime.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Heat-Treated AISI 316 Stainless Steel in Solar Furnaces to Be Used as Possible Implant Material

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Ioan Milosan ◽  
Monica Florescu ◽  
Daniel Cristea ◽  
Ionelia Voiculescu ◽  
Mihai Alin Pop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Aisi 316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 316

The appropriate selection of implant materials is very important for the long-term success of the implants. A modified composition of AISI 316 stainless steel was treated using solar energy in a vertical axis solar furnace and it was subjected to a hyper-hardening treatment at a 1050 °C austenitizing temperature with a rapid cooling in cold water followed by three variants of tempering (150, 250, and 350 °C). After the heat treatment, the samples were analyzed in terms of hardness, microstructure (performed by scanning electron microscopy), and corrosion resistance. The electrochemical measurements were performed by potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in liquids that simulate biological fluids (NaCl 0.9% and Ringer’s solution). Different corrosion behaviors according to the heat treatment type have been observed and a passivation layer has formed on some of the heat-treated samples. The samples, heat-treated by immersion quenching, exhibit a significantly improved pitting corrosion resistance. The subsequent heat treatments, like tempering at 350 °C after quenching, also promote low corrosion rates. The heat treatments performed using solar energy applied on stainless steel can lead to good corrosion behavior and can be recommended as unconventional thermal processing of biocompatible materials.

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