scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THE REAL IMAGE, RADIOGRAPHIC AND PROCESSED IMAGE IN THE STUDY OF METALLIC PIECES FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Madrid ◽  
Effat Yahaghi ◽  
José Manuel Melchor ◽  
Amir Movafeghic
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Real ◽  
Metal Type ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Impulsive Response ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective

Archaeologists and conservators have different problems in inspecting metal-type pieces extracted from the archaeological sites, such as their large number and the complexity of the materials and their shapes. Usually, all of the pieces are hidden under the oxidation layers. From this point of view, a non-destructive analysis technique such as digital radiography imaging can detect and discriminate one piece from another. Also, the shape of pieces, state of the metal core, and assessment of its handling can be investigated. But there are still some problems with metal-type parts with a certain thickness. The generated X-ray image can be very foggy and without adequate quality. This will prevent the method to discriminate small details about the shape, hidden structures, and the real level of oxidation, and the presence of cracks. A solution for improving the quality of the x-ray image can be implementing a digital imaging processing algorithm for enhancing the quality of the radiographs. In this study, the metal parts are carried out from two important Iberian-Roman sites located on the coast of the municipality of Burriana (Castellón), i.e. Sant Gregori and Torre d'Onda. This set of pieces belong to the archaeological museum of Burriana, Spain, and are investigated by X-ray imaging. This study has used the “Fast 2D Gaussian convolution first-order infinite impulsive response” (IIR) to extract the maximum detail for better interpretation of the image. A multidisciplinary perspective has been desired for this study.

scholarly journals μXRF Mapping as a Powerful Technique for Investigating Metal Objects from the Archaeological Site of Ferento (Central Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Capobianco ◽  
Adriana Sferragatta ◽  
Luca Lanteri ◽  
Giorgia Agresti ◽  
Giuseppe Bonifazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Multivariate Curve Resolution ◽  
Polycapillary Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Major Chemical

This research concerns the application of micro X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) mapping to the investigation of a group of selected metal objects from the archaeological site of Ferento, a Roman and then medieval town in Central Italy. Specifically, attention was focused on two test pits, named IV and V, in which metal objects were found, mainly pertaining to the medieval period and never investigated before the present work from a compositional point of view. The potentiality of µXRF mapping was tested through a Bruker Tornado M4 equipped with an Rh tube, operating at 50 kV, 500 μA, and spot 25 μm obtained with polycapillary optics. Principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate curve resolution (MCR) were used for processing the X-ray fluorescence spectra. The results showed that the investigated items are characterized by different compositions in terms of chemical elements. Three little wheels are made of lead, while the fibulae are made of copper-based alloys with varying amounts of tin, zinc, and lead. Only one ring is iron-based, and the other objects, namely a spatula and an applique, are also made of copper-based alloys, but with different relative amounts of the main elements. In two objects, traces of gold were found, suggesting the precious character of these pieces. MCR analysis was demonstrated to be particularly useful to confirm the presence of trace elements, such as gold, as it could differentiate the signals related to minor elements from those due to major chemical elements.

scholarly journals Protection of Water Based and Water Abstraction Sites in Hungary Based on Studies in Győr

Hadmérnök ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-203
Author(s):  
Krisztina Takács
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Activity Maximum ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Maximum Protection

Water is indispensable for life and social activity, the most widely used on Earth. Today, an increasing problem is the production of sufficient quantity and quality of potable water for mankind. In order to ensure the supply of water, nowadays we must pay special attention, since it is intended to provide the consumer with adequate quality and quantity of water from a public health point of view. This also includes proper protection of water bases, which prevents any harmful substances or dirt from entering the water. Potable water supply is a special task, since in all circumstances it is necessary to ensure the smooth operation of the population. For this activity, maximum protection of the water bases and the water supply system is essential, which I will examine for Hungary, and I will also present a practical example."This article was prepared by the Ministry of Human Resources with the support of NewNational Excellence Program ÚNKP-18-3-INKE-105".

A Yb3+-doped NaY(WO4)2crystal grown by the Czochralski technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandong Fan ◽  
Huaijin Zhang ◽  
Wentao Yu ◽  
Haohai Yu ◽  
Jiyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Structure Refinement ◽  
Czochralski Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
The Relationship

A transparent Yb3+:NaY(WO4)2single crystal with dimensions of 30 mm (diameter) × 40 mm has been grown by the Czochralski method. The high crystalline quality of the as-grown Yb3+:NaY(WO4)2crystals was confirmed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction. The effective segregation coefficients of elemental Yb, Na, Y and W in Yb3+:NaY(WO4)2were measured using the X-ray fluorescence method. Powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data of NaYb0.05Y0.95(WO4)2are reported. The structure refinement shows that NaYb0.05Y0.95(WO4)2crystallizes in the tetragonal space groupI41/a, witha=b= 5.2039 (2),c= 11.2838 (9) Å, α = β = γ = 90°,V= 305.57 (3) Å3andZ= 2. A series of possible growth faces (hkl) were determined from the crystal lattice and symmetry according to the Bravais–Friedel Donnay–Harker theory, and the relationship among crystal structure, growth habits and crystal morphology is discussed. In addition, the thermal properties of the crystal, including the specific heat, thermal expansion, thermal diffusion and thermal conductivity, were carefully investigated. The anisotropy of the crystal thermal conductivities is explained from the point of view of the crystal structure.

scholarly journals THE ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF STATE REGULATION OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Vasyl Baldynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The Real ◽  
Quality Of Life Research

The article substantiates the need for effective state regulation of rural development, since overcoming the crisis requires both the mobilization of significant resources and the introduction of effective regulatory methods. The functions of state regulation of rural development are outlined and the relationship with the problems of rural development identified. The main problems of the modern village from the point of view of sustainable development are considered, which takes into account the real unity and interaction of the basic structural elements of rural territories.It has been found that effective state regulation of rural development should be based on a system of principles that should take into account the specific features of rural areas as an object of state regulation. The directions of actions of the authorities within each principle are determined. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of regulation of rural development depends on the mechanisms of state influence on their development. The instruments, methods and methods of action of the state authorities in terms of each mechanism are considered. It is noted that the peculiarities of state regulation of rural development lay in the real unity of their basic structural elements: economic base, social and environmental spheres. Characteristics of such components of rural population as "quality of life" and "standard of living" are given, as well as terms used in the conceptual and conceptual field of quality of life research. The analysis of scientific works on the quality and standard of living of the population revealed the components that are most commonly used in its assessment at the regional level. The concept of "state regulation of rural development" is formulated. It is substantiated that the necessity of state regulation of rural territories implies the use of functional- territorial system of public administration, which will allow to ensure optimal interaction between public authorities and local self-government.

How to Perform a Reliable Full Spine X-ray Examination in Juvenile and Adolescent Scoliosis Our Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Palandri ◽  
Fabrizio Trucchi
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Specific Category ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
Detailed Protocol

Abstract Background:Ionizing radiations, even at low doses, present side effects that are known as well as girls and toung women constitute the most sensible individuals from a radioprotectional point of view. On the other side full spine x-ray radiography is the gold standard in diagnose and follow-up of AIS, where individuals involved are typicaly girls and young women.For these reasons, a partuicular care permorming radiographics esamination in this scope, in mandatory.The aim of this work is to provide a simple and detailed protocol to perform full-spine X-ray examination in diagnosis and follow-up of AISThis paper is the result of our experience along 7y of work in application and study of the scoliosis in the first two decades of life, combining the orthopaedist’s requirements, the surgical requirements along with the care for the particularly significant relational feature, due to the specific category of most individuals undergoing this radiological examination.Methods:For the maximum usability and Clarity, we considered three main topics: a) single examination b) examination during orthotic treatment and c) pre-op control. For each one we explained number and type of X-ray view used and how we performed them with the assistance of detalide figures. Results:By comparing X-ray images before and after the application of our protocol, we saw a significant increase in the quality of the produced images as well as a positive feedback from patients and parents acceptance.Conclusions:An extended collaboration between the Orthopaedic Surgeons and the Radiographer, has led to a clear improvement in technical execution and in an exposure dose reduction. Furthermore a particular attention to the patient’s comfort, along with some technical stratagems, led to an improving effectiveness of the services supplied.

scholarly journals Proposals for Changes in Surveying-Legal Procedures for the Needs of Cadastre in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Mika
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Estate Management ◽  
Real Estate Management ◽  
Legal Procedures

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the need for changes of geodetic-legal procedures for the cadastre and real estate management. This problem was analyzed both in theoretical and practical terms. In order to better present the analyzed technical and legal procedures, a study of several cases of surveying documentation was made. On their example the problems associated with the surveying services were shows and the formal and legal procedures, on the basis of which described surveying works were done were verified. The problem presented is current and valid not only for the comfort of the surveyor's work, but also from the point of view of the structure and modernization of the real estate cadastre, constituting the backbone of the real estate management. The article emphasized the need to unify the databases of state registers and the digitization of the National Geodetic and Cartographic Resources (PZDGiK). Research has shown that despite the continuous changes of legislation, there are still many shortcomings and gaps, which often complicate the surveying works. The surveyor must analyze and verify all materials he uses, including those obtained from the Centre of Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation (ODGiK). The quality of the geodetic and cartographic elaboration depends largely on the work of the Centre of Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation. The need of modernization of the Land and Buildings Registry, which acts as a cadastre in Poland, has been demonstrated. Furthermore, the unification of data used as reference systems both for plane coordinates and elevation has been proposed.

scholarly journals Metody badania przedsiębiorczości oparte na rejestrze podmiotów gospodarki narodowej

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Raczyk
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
Source Of Information

One of the most important problems with examining entrepreneurship at the local level is theavailability and quality of data gathered by public statistics. Registers conducted byadministrative information systems are a potential source of information on the number,structure and spatial distribution of entities of the national economy. The most important roleamong them plays the Country Official Register of Units of the National Economy – REGON(KRUPGN REGON) conducted by Central Statistical Office.The analysis of the REGON register is seriously hindered by its overrepresentativeness.Lack of detailed information on the scale of the phenomenon causes problems with interpretationof the obtained results. The basic purpose of conducted research was to verify the completenessof the register of economic entities its up-to-dateness from the point of view of informationthat describe these entities (status, location, number of persons employed). Moreover, it waschecked whether the observed differences between the statistical and the real number ofentities display any generic regularities (in PKD section) or spatial ones. This was obtainedthrough the questionnaire survey of all the existing economic entities and comparison of thegathered data with the REGON register. Due to the scale of the research the analysis wasconducted on the example of a medium-sized town (urban commune of Milicz) in 2006–2007.The analysis has shown a variety of significant differences concerning the number ofentities of the national economy as well as their size and type. It also allowed to define generalcharacteristic features of spatial distribution the real signs of economic activity in the urbanspace. Although the conducted analysis concerned the relatively small settlement unit, itseems that the results obtained form the pattern that is reflected on the national scale.

scholarly journals Development and application of novel additives in bread-making

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 470-475
Author(s):  
Mónika Bartalné Berceli ◽  
Eszter Izsó ◽  
Szilveszter Gergely ◽  
András Salgó
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Adequate Quality

There is a great need for good quality and low-cost food since. A large proportion of the population does not have access to food with adequate quality from the nutritional point of view. This paper deals with the increasing of the nutritional value of widely consumed bread products. The development and incorporation of seven different food additives prepared with simple physical or physiological/biotechnological modifications have been studied in bread model. Bran with four different particle sizes and soy-based sprouted additive were applied in the experiment carried out in laboratory scale. These additives are rich in vitamins, bioactive components, dietary fibre and other health-beneficial compounds. A few of them have been selected for further examination. Aleurone-rich flour and wheat bran sourdough were supplemented to the selected additives and the experiment was carried out in industrial scale. The quality of the baked products was examined by analysing physical and sensory properties. The quality of the prepared bread products having limited amount of each additive does not decrease compared to the commercially available products, nevertheless their nutritional value increased. Four new bread products rich in dietary fibre, in vitamins and in minerals have been developed during the experiment carried out in industrial scale. They are relatively cheap comparing commercially available products so they are accessible for the population with low income. These new products can be labelled as fibre rich products and are applicable in several diets.

scholarly journals Review of Russian regulatory documents on the organization and functioning of offices and departments of magnetic resonance imaging.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Smirnov ◽  
Dmitriy S. Semenov ◽  
Ekaterina S. Ahkmad ◽  
Anna N. Khoruzhaya ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Kruchinin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
The Past ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Diagnostic studies carried out using any medical equipment require comprehensive control, which is provided by a number of regulatory documents. Particular attention is paid to X-ray imaging methods, but in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one can notice both the lack of this attention and the multidirectional efforts to normalize. This is understandable - this diagnostic method is not based on the use of ionizing radiation, and although magnetic fields have some effect on human health, especially on personnel who work in MRI rooms all the time, they are safe for patients who come to the diagnostic procedure from time to time. time and do not have in their body foreign metal (steel implants) or electronic (pacemakers, neurostimulators) objects. However, ignorance and non-compliance with both advisory and mandatory requirements can significantly increase the risk of harm to patients or staff, as well as lead to a decrease in the quality of imaging and diagnostics. A separate feature of the field of MRI regulation is that over the past decades, more than a dozen different standards, sanitary norms, rules, letters and recommendations have been published or revised, a significant part of which complement or duplicate each other, or completely contradict each other. As a result, the need to ensure compliance of the MRI room / department with the requirements of regulatory documents is greatly complicated. This paper provides an overview of the regulatory documentation in force in Russia related to the organization and functioning of an MRI room / department, highlights the aspects that are most important from the point of view of safe and high-quality operation, and formulates the steps necessary to modernize the system, both from the point of view of the quality of diagnostics. and the safety of MRI studies.

scholarly journals How to Perform a Reliable Full Spine X-ray Examination in Juvenile and Adolescent Scoliosis.Experience outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Palandri
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Specific Category ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
Detailed Protocol

Abstract Background:Ionizing radiations, even at low doses, present side effects that are known as well as girls and toung women constitute the most sensible individuals from a radioprotectional point of view. On the other side full spine x-ray radiography is the gold standard in diagnose and follow-up of AIS, where individuals involved are typicaly girls and young women.For these reasons, a partuicular care permorming radiographics esamination in this scope, in mandatory.The aim of this work is to provide a simple and detailed protocol to perform full-spine X-ray examination in diagnosis and follow-up of AISThis paper is the result of our experience along 7y of work in application and study of the scoliosis in the first two decades of life, combining the orthopaedist’s requirements, the surgical requirements along with the care for the particularly significant relational feature, due to the specific category of most individuals undergoing this radiological examination.Methods:For the maximum usability and Clarity, we considered three main topics: a) single examination b) examination during orthotic treatment and c) pre-op control. For each one we explained number and type of X-ray view used and how we performed them with the assistance of detalide figures. Results:By comparing X-ray images before and after the application of our protocol, we saw a significant increase in the quality of the produced images as well as a positive feedback from patients and parents acceptance.Conclusions:An extended collaboration between the Orthopaedic Surgeons and the Radiographer, has led to a clear improvement in technical execution and in an exposure dose reduction. Furthermore a particular attention to the patient’s comfort, along with some technical stratagems, led to an improving effectiveness of the services supplied.

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