Inhaled Glucocorticoids in Rhinosinusitis: A Few Pharmacological Aspects, We Must Know

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
JS Thakur ◽  
NK Mohindroo ◽  
DR Sharma ◽  
Anamika Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Inhalation Therapy ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Inhaled Glucocorticoids

Abstract Inhaled glucocorticoids are very effective for the management of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Various glucocorticoids are available for inhalation therapy with varying affinity for the receptors. Inhaled glucocorticoids have very low incidence of systemic side effects at the usual therapeutic doses. In this review we have discussed the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and adverse effects profile of the commonly available inhaled glucocorticoids.

Efficacy of Hypertonic Saline Irrigation for Nasal Symptoms in Children with Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Double-Blind Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1570-1577
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Nasal Irrigation ◽  
Nasal Cytology

Background: Nasal saline irrigation was an adjunctive therapy of allergic rhinitis (AR). It has been suggested that the use of hypertonic saline (HS) is better than normal saline (NSS) in treatment of AR. Reduction of mucosal edema by hypertonicity induced water transport through nasal mucosa, nasal congestion reduction and mucociliary clearance improvement. Objective: To compare total nasal symptom score (TNSS) between 3% HS and NSS irrigation in perennial allergic rhinitis children. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at the Allergy Center of Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital (BAH), Royal Thai Airforce, Bangkok, Thailand between January and March 2021. Sixty-two perennial AR children were enrolled and categorized in severity level, namely mild, moderate or severe. Subjects were randomized into two groups. Each participant was blind-randomized to nasal irrigation of either 3% HS or NSS twice-daily for 4 weeks by the same investigator. The primary outcome was TNSS improvement between both groups. Secondary outcomes were quality of life, nasal congestion severity improvement, nasal cytology change and side effects. Results: TNSS improvement of 3% HS was more than NSS group (4.03±2.36 versus 2.73±3.06, p=0.034). Nasal congestion was the only symptom that differed significantly between the two groups (1.32±1.01 in 3% HS versus 0.70±1.24 in NSS, p=0.024). Reduction of congestion severity by physical examination, nasal cytology changes and side effects were comparable. Conclusion: Nasal irrigation with 3% HS in children with perennial AR had more improvement than NSS in TNSS., especially nasal congestion. Keyword: Hypertonic saline; Nasal irrigation; Allergic rhinitis; Nasal symptom score

scholarly journals Rationale for COVID-19 Treatment by Nebulized Interferon-β-1b–Literature Review and Personal Preliminary Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélien Mary ◽  
Lucie Hénaut ◽  
Pierre Yves Macq ◽  
Louise Badoux ◽  
Arnaud Cappe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Inhalation Therapy ◽  
Type I ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Significant Clinical Improvement ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Set Up

The inflammatory response to COVID-19 is specifically associated with an impaired type I interferon (IFN) response and complete blockade of IFN-β secretion. Clinically, nebulization of IFN-α-2b has been historically used in China to treat viral pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV. Very recent data show that the use of inhaled type I IFN is associated with decreased mortality in Chinese COVID-19 patients. However, IFN nebulization is currently not standard in Europe and the United States. Therefore, our group has set up a project aimed to evaluate the possibility to nebulize IFN-β-1b (a drug currently used in Europe to treat multiple sclerosis via subcutaneous injections) and to assess the safety of this new mode of administration in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. We present here literature data that allowed us to build our hypothesis and to develop collaboration between clinical pharmacists, intensivists and nebulization engineers in order to gain first pre-clinical and clinical experience of IFN-β-1b nebulization. After validation of the nebulization method and verification of droplet size compatible with nebulization, the method has been applied to four intensive care patients treated at our university hospital, for whom none of the COVID-19 therapies initially used in France led to significant clinical improvement. All patients exhibited negative viral carriage and experienced clinical improvement 7–16 days after having initiated nebulized IFN-β-1b inhalation therapy. No side effects were observed. All patients were alive within a 90-days follow-up. Although it is not possible to draw firm conclusions on treatment efficacy based on this case report, our study shows that pulmonary IFN-β-1b administration is feasible, with a good safety profile. This procedure, which presents the advantage of directly targeting the lungs and reducing the risks of systemic side effects, may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the care of patients with severe COVID-19. However, our preliminary observation requires confirmation by randomized controlled trials.

Chemosurgery with Trichloroacetic Acid for Allergic Rhinitis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Yao ◽  
Tetsuya Shitara ◽  
Hiro-omi Takahashi ◽  
Kouichiro Nishiyama ◽  
Yoshiaki Iguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Wash ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Provocation Tests

The use of 80 w/v% solution of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) for the treatment of allergic rhinitis was reported. The solution was applied to the inferior turbinates only once bilaterally. The result of the treatment in 77 nonselected cases of perennial allergic rhinitis for over 3 years showed that an improvement was obtained in 72% for nasal obstruction, 60% for sneezing, and 50% for watery nasal discharge. The result of provocation tests after treatment showed an improvement in 77% of the cases, and the histamine concentration in the nasal wash decreased. These results were discussed with reference to the result of our previous histological studies. We concluded that our method of treatment using TCA was simple and effective for allergic rhinitis without any serious side effects.

scholarly journals Corticosteroids: Review of the History, the Effectiveness, and Adverse Effects in the Treatment of Joint Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol S1;24 (1;S1) ◽  
pp. S233-S246
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Systemic Side Effects

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids have been used for the past 70 years in the treatment of various musculoskeletal conditions. This includes its use for joint pain such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVES: A narrative review of the literature from its initial discovery to the present day to summarize the research of corticosteroids for joint pain to determine the safety and effectiveness of this commonly used and prescribed medication. METHODS: A review of the literature was performed regarding the effectiveness and side effects of corticosteroids for joint and osteoarthritis conditions. RESULTS: The current evidence would suggest that the use of corticosteroids provides moderate short-term benefit for reducing pain and improving functioning. These benefits generally last several weeks without long-term effectiveness. In addition to its limited short-term effectiveness, there are multiple potential adverse effects including toxicity to articular cartilage and numerous systemic side effects such as increases in blood glucose levels, a reduction in immune function, and an increased risk of infections. LIMITATIONS: English only articles were reviewed. No attempt was made to perform a formal statistical or meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The current evidence would suggest that the use of corticosteroids provides moderate evidence for short-term pain reduction and improvement in function. There are multiple potential adverse effects, such as toxic damage to articular cartilage, as well as numerous systemic side effects, including a reduction in immune function and an increased risk of infection, of which physicians need to be aware. KEY WORDS: Cortisone, corticosteroids, arthritis, joint, pain, adverse effects, immune function, infections

Revisited: Aerosol Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Childhood Asthma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
GARY S. RACHELEFSKY ◽  
SHELDON C. SIEGEL
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Corticosteroid Therapy ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Duration Of Therapy ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
The 1950S

Systemic corticosteroids were introduced in the 1950s for the treatment of asthma. Usually, excellent results were obtained although a number of side effects became apparent. Prolonged use of corticosteroid therapy for asthma remains quite controversial, and it is often regarded as an inappropriate treatment modality. Inasmuch as complications from corticosteroids are largely dependent on dose and duration of therapy, it was reasoned that by topically administering the corticosteroids, the amount of drug necessary to control symptoms would be reduced and, in turn, lessen the number of adverse effects. Initially developed corticosteroid aerosols produced variable effectiveness with associated systemic side effects.1

Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Nazli Zainuddin ◽  
Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽  
Rosdan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

Awareness of the Saudi population regarding nasal decongestants use for allergic rhinitis and their side effects

2020 ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
Khalid Alyahya ◽  
Zahraa Alsubaie ◽  
Zainab Almubarak ◽  
Ahmed Al-Khalifah ◽  
Abdullah Alawadh
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Nasal Decongestants

The effectiveness of therapies perennial allergic rhinitis associated with fungi of the genus of Candida, in children

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
T.G. Malanicheva ◽  
◽  
N.V. Ziatdinova ◽  
L.F. Akhmadieva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
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