scholarly journals Prevalence and Severity of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders among Populations in Najran Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Metaib A Aldhalai ◽  
Yahia AS Alyami ◽  
Yousef MB Al Haider ◽  
Mohammed K Aldhili ◽  
Dhafer AS Alyami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Aim This study assessed the prevalence and severity of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) in the absence or presence of teeth of participants in Najran region in comparison with other adult participants in other regions with respect to gender differences and age. Furthermore, it investigates the frequency of symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by clinical examination. Materials and methods The total number of participants was 318 of both genders randomly selected for this study. The participants were divided into three age groups: 14 to 20, 21 to 40, and ≥41 years. The study was based on Fonseca's Anamnestic Index and its questionnaire, which is composed of 10 questions and classifies the severity of TMD. Clinical examination was performed for the patients to investigate the sign of TMJ dysfunctions. The obtained data were coded and entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program for analysis using Chi-square test at significance level of 5%. Results The participants with mild TMD dysfunction were 35.5%, whereas 18.6 and 3.5% were classified as moderate and severe TMD dysfunction respectively. The most reported TMD problems were related to poor articulation of teeth (23.9 and 25.5%), followed by frequent headache (15.1 and 33.6%), then grinding of teeth (15.4 and 34.9%) in “Yes” and “sometimes” answers respectively. The highest TMJ disorder was a frequent headache at 55.3%, followed by TMJ clicking at 21.1%. The remaining TMJ dysfunctions ranged between 11 and 13%. There was no significant difference between TMDs and gender (p ≤0.306). However, the severity of TMDs increased with increasing age (p ≤0.001) and was associated with tooth loss (p ≤ 0.000). Conclusion The majority of the participants had mild-tomoderate TMDs and they were found among the middle-age group. The severity of TMDs increased with age and was associated with tooth loss. No significant difference between males and females was found. The most reported TMD problems were related to the poor articulation of teeth, frequent headache, and grinding of teeth, while a headache followed by clicking of TMJ was the highest clinical TMJ disorder. How to cite this article Aldhalai MA, Alyami YAS, Al Haider YMB, Aldhili MK, Alyami DAS, Alyami SAS, Al-Moaleem MM, Alghazali N. Prevalence and Severity of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders among Populations in Najran Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. World World J Dent 2017;8(2):90-95.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Severity of Temporomandibular Disorders among Undergraduate Medical Students in Association with Khat Chewing

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurshid A Mattoo ◽  
Abdulmajeed S Okshah ◽  
Ahid A Al-Shahrani ◽  
Abdulkhaliq Ali F Alshadidi ◽  
Fawzia I Shaabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) among undergraduate medical students in the presence of khat chewing over a period of time. Materials and methods Totally, 186 medical college students (age ≤ 20 years) were randomly selected for the present study. The study subjects were divided into two groups according to age, under 20 and above 20 years. The study was based on Fonseca's anamnestic index and its questionnaire, which is composed of 10 questions and classifies the severity of TMDs. The obtained data were coded and entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program for analysis using chi-square test at significance level of 5%. Results Most of the participants were male (68.8%) students and older than 20 years (63%). Those who reported with khat chewing comprised 31.7%. From the total samples, only 38.0% was classified as having mild TMD and 0.50% were classified as having severe TMD. Poor dental articulation, grinding of teeth, headaches, tense personalities, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) clicking were the most common clinical findings. The mean scores showed no significant difference among gender (p ≤ 0.29) and the khat chewing (p ≤ 0.531) groups for the 10 questions. However, it showed significant difference among age groups (p ≤ 0.025). Conclusion The majority of subjects complained of mild TMD, while only a few cases showed a moderate TMD among different age groups. The most frequently reported dysfunctions were related to poor dental articulation and grinding of the teeth, frequent headaches, the clicking of joint, and tense personalities. No significant difference was found between gender and khat and nonkhat chewing groups. Clinical significance Khat chewing is a parafunctional habit and affects dental occlusion (especially cuspal wear) in terms of anterior guidance. Such alterations in occlusion are known to be one of the causative (predisposing) factors of TMD. How to cite this article Al Moaleem MM, Okshah AS, Al-Shahrani AA, Alshadidi AAF, Shaabi FI, Mobark AH, Mattoo KA. Prevalence and Severity of Temporomandibular Disorders among Undergraduate Medical Students in Association with Khat Chewing. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(1):23-28.

Sensitivity and specificity of different indexes used to diagnose Temporomandibular Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Isabelle Sousa Dantas ◽  
Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro ◽  
Mariana Barbosa Câmara-Souza ◽  
Camila Maria Bastos Machado De Resende ◽  
Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Level Of Agreement

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To verify the level of agreement among different indexes used to achieve the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). <strong>Material and Methods</strong>: One hundred one dental students were selected by a randomized process. TMD were evaluated by the Fonseca’s Anamnestic Index (FAI), Helkimo’s Clinical Index (HCI), and the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). Data was analyzed using Chi-square and Kappa tests, considering a significance level of 5%. <strong>Results:</strong><em> </em>HCI showed the highest prevalence of TMD, and the comparison between RDC/TMD, FAI, and HCI showed low agreement (k=0.17 and k=0.35 respectively). Most individuals presented mild TMD for both FAI and HCI indexes. A moderate correlation for TMD severity was obtained (k<sub>w</sub>=0.53) between FAI and HCI, and a high sensitivity and low specificity were observed for both diagnosis when compared to RDC/TMD. <strong>Conclusion</strong><em>:</em> The prevalence of TMD may vary significantly depending on the index used for its diagnosis, which may lead to a large number of false positives and overtreatments.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Epidemiology; Prevalence; Temporomandibular joint; Temporomandibular joint disorders; Young adult.</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Molar-Incisor-Hypomineralization in School Children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 3570-3576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouf S. Al-Hammad ◽  
Mohammed Al-Dhubaiban ◽  
Latifa Alhowaish ◽  
Lanre L. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
School Children ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
King Saud University ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate molar-incisor-hypomineralization (MIH) prevalence, clinical characteristics, and severity amongst school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Subjects and Methods: Randomly selected, healthy third- and fourth-grade students (aged 8–10 years) attending elementary schools in Riyadh, and children of the same age attending dental clinics at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, were examined for the presence of MIH, its clinical characteristics, and severity. Results: The sample studied consisted of 924 children, 447 (48.4%) of whom were boys. There were 376 children, (199 females and 177 males), with at least 2 index teeth affected (prevalence = 40.7%). A total of 133 (35.4%) had only molar hypomineralization (MH), whereas 243 (64.6%) had molars and incisors involved (MIH). The mean number of affected teeth per child was 6.6 ±3.6 (3.3 for molars and 3.2 for incisors). The chi-Square test showed no association between the distribution of hypomineralization and age (P = 0.115). Children with severe hypomineralization predominated across all age groups, with the 10-year-old group having more severely affected children (71.9%)  compared to 8- and 9-year-old groups (P = 0.000).  Proportional t-test showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) between males and females in the occurrence of MH or MIH, and in the severity of the hypomineralization. Upper molars were more affected than lower molars, whilst upper incisors were more affected than lower incisors. Conclusion: Enamel hypomineralization is a common feature in the dentition of 8–10-year-old children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. There is no association with age and no gender predilection.  

scholarly journals Rendahnya persepsi masyarakat terhadap pemakaian gigitiruan di Desa Ujung Rambung, Kecamatan Pantai Cermin, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Minor perception of denture wear’s at Ujung Rambung Village, Pantai Cermin Subdistrict, Serdang Bedagai Regency

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Dwi Tjahyaning Putranti ◽  
Helly Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Individual Perceptions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Factors ◽  
Chi Square Test

Individual perceptions towards denture wear’s are different from one to another, which are affected by number andlocation of missing teeth, age, sex, functional factors, esthetic, cultural factors, socioeconomy and education. Thepurpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions towards denture replacement among a rural community whoexperienced tooth loss based on age groups, sex and education in Desa Ujung Rambung Kecamatan Pantai CerminKabupaten Serdang Bedagai in February 2010. This study was an analytical observatory study. Samples are 200subjects who lost at least one tooth, excluding third molar. Chi-square test shows no significant difference betweenperceptions of appearance, mastication and speech and age groups, no significant difference between perceptions ofappearance, mastication and speech and sex, and no significant difference between perceptions of mastication andspeech and education (p>0,05), but shows statistically significant difference between perception of appearance andeducation (p=0,004). It can be concluded that the overall perceptions of the rural community is poor.

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

Effects of Relationship Enrichment Training on Improving Marital Satisfaction of Infertile Couples: A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi ◽  
Khodayar Oshvandi ◽  
Masoumeh Rostami-Moez ◽  
Arezoo Shayan ◽  
Farideh Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Relationship Enrichment

Background: Infertility can cause low marital satisfaction. Marital satisfaction has an important effect on infertile couples’ health. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of relationship enrichment training on improving the marital satisfaction of infertile couples. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 infertile couples in the infertility center of Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan, Iran in 2018. Participants were matched for demographic characteristics and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (each group had 25 couples). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The Enrich Marital Satisfaction questionnaire and demographic information were used to collect data before the study and two months after the intervention. Two trained midwifery students taught only the intervention group the relationship enrichment topics in seven sessions (each session = 90 minutes). The data were analyzed by SPSS Statistics version 21 using analysis of covariance, independent t-test, chi-square, and Mann–Whitney. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in demographic and obstetric information between the two groups (p >0.05). The mean of marital satisfaction in the intervention group significantly increased among women and men from 151.00 ±28.61 to 154.88 ±22.62 and from 152.56 ±27.33 to 159.24 ±22.14, respectively, (p <0.001). Conversely, the mean of marital satisfaction decreased among women and men from 158.13 ±13.86 to 146.25 ±19.53 and from 164.25 ±17.00 to 153.17 ±27.50 in the control group (p=0.02). Conclusion: Relationship enrichment training can be effective in promoting the marital satisfaction of infertile couples. Registration number: The National Center for Strategic Research in medical education, No. 960185.

Resorbable Collagen Barrier Impeding the Extrusion of Obturating Material in Primary Molars Undergoing Resorption – A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Mishra Neha Sanjeev ◽  
Harsimran Kaur ◽  
Sandeep Singh Mayall ◽  
Rishika ◽  
Ramakrishna Yeluri
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of placing a resorbable collagen barrier in impeding the extrusion of obturation material in primary molars undergoing resorption. Study design: All the 94 canals in 47 mandibular molars were allocated to 2 groups- Group ‘A’- 47 canals with collagen barrier (Test group) and Group ‘B’- 47 canals without collagen barrier (Control group) based on randomization protocol. Pulpectomy was performed and obturation of both test and control canals were radiographically assessed. Pearson’s chi – square test was applied to analyze the results. The significance level was predetermined at p &lt; 0.05. Results: Among the test group, 93.6% of the canals showed no extrusion while, 6.4% showed visible extrusion of the material outside the apex. In the control group, 83% showed no extrusion whereas 17% of the canals showed visible extrusion outside the apex. But no significant difference was noted (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The placement of resorbable collagen barrier in the apical third of the canal prevented the extrusion of obturating material beyond the apex in resorbing primary molars.

scholarly journals Is there an association between skeletal asymmetry and tooth absence?

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Thiesen ◽  
Bruno Frazão Gribel ◽  
Keila Cristina Rausch Pereira ◽  
Maria Perpetua Mota Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Midsagittal Plane ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Posterior Tooth ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skeletal Asymmetry

ABSTRACT Introduction: Facial skeletal asymmetry is commonly found in humans and its main characteristic is menton deviation. The literature suggests that occlusal and masticatory problems arising from tooth absence could be related to the development of such asymmetries. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of mandibular skeletal asymmetries and to investigate its association with posterior tooth absences. Methods: Tomographic images of 952 individuals aged from 18 to 75 years old were used. Asymmetry was the analyzed outcome, and it was categorized into three groups according to gnathion displacement in relation to the midsagittal plane (relative symmetry, moderate asymmetry, and severe asymmetry). Patients were sorted by the presence of all posterior teeth, unilateral posterior tooth absence, or bilateral posterior tooth absence. Chi-square test with a significance level of 5% was used to verify the association between posterior tooth absence and asymmetry. Results: Results show relative symmetry present in 55.3% of the sample, as well as the prevalence of 27.3% for moderate mandibular asymmetry and 17.4% for severe asymmetry. Moderate and severe mandibular asymmetries occurred in a higher proportion in patients with unilateral posterior tooth absence. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the analyzed groups (p = 0.691). Conclusions: In this study, mandibular asymmetries did not present any association with the absence of teeth on the posterior area of the arch.

The influence of varying maxillary central incisor vertical dimension on perceived smile aesthetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Elis Janaina Lira dos Santos ◽  
Alana Moura Xavier Dantas ◽  
Raíssa Marçal Vilela ◽  
Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de Lima ◽  
Rejane Targino Soares Beltrão
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate patient perception of the smile focused on analysis of the upper incisors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Participants: The sample consisted of 135 individuals (73 women and 62 men). Methods: Images with different characteristics associated with the incisal edges were shown at random and analysed using a Likert scale. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). Results: Smile I (difference of 1.5 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) was considered the most aesthetic, while Smile III (no difference in height between the central and lateral incisors) was the least aesthetic. A significant difference was found between perception of smile II (difference of 1 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) and age groups ( P < 0.005), with 31% (n = 13) of individuals aged 45–64 years considering smile II as not pleasant, 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years and 8.3% (n=4) aged 25–44 years and 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years considering the same. A significant difference was also found in relation to educational background of the assessor and smile perception, with smile III ( P = 0.0441) and smile IV ( P = 0.0053) considered the most aesthetic ( P = 0.0116). Conclusion: The smile considered most attractive among the sample was that with 1.5 mm steepness between the central and lateral incisors, while a flat smile arc was considered least attractive.

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