Prevalence of Tobacco Habits in Dental Outpatients

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Podutwar Priyanka Diliprao ◽  
GS Madhushankari ◽  
KP Mohankumar ◽  
SB Praveen ◽  
Pramod Redder Chandrappa
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Tobacco Usage ◽  
Tobacco Chewing

ABSTRACT Background Tobacco usage in any form has devastating effects on the health of the person including oral and pharyngeal cancer, which is one of the major causes of death. Aim This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco consumption in various forms among dental outpatients. Materials and methods Patients reporting to the outpatient department of the College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Bengaluru, India, were evaluated for the presence or absence of habit. Habit history was recorded using standardized proforma from every patient, and the obtained data was assessed in relation to age, gender, duration of habit, and frequency of tobacco consumption. Results Among the 507 study participants, habits were present in 115 (22.68%), among which 101 (87.82%) were males and 14 (12.17%) were females. Among males, raw tobacco chewing and gutkha chewing had equal prevalence [25 (21.73%)] followed by cigarette smoking [23 (20%)]. In females, tobacco chewing [10 (8.69%)] was the most common habit and none of them smoked tobacco. Habits were more prevalent between the age group of 16 and 30 years. The results were found to be highly significant on applying chi-square test. Conclusion Higher prevalence of tobacco usage among the study population as compared with other studies needs to be addressed and counseled. How to cite this article Diliprao PP, Madhushankari GS, Mohankumar KP, Praveen SB, Chandrappa PR, Nandini DB. Prevalence of Tobacco Habits in Dental Outpatients. CODS J Dent 2016;8(1):9-11.

Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer: Combined Approach for Multimodal Therapy

1983 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Fazio ◽  
Fausto Badellino ◽  
Gian Luca Sannazzari ◽  
Vittorio Vercellino ◽  
Mario Airoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Multimodal Therapy ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Actuarial Survival ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Chi Square Test

Five-year results in 60 oral and pharyngeal cancer patients treated with combined apporach chemoradiotherapy (39 patients) and chemoradiotherapy plus lymph node surgery (21 patients) are reported. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 16/39 (41%) patients treated with chemoradiotherapy alone, and in 16/21 (76%) patients who had chemoradiotherapy plus surgery. The number of CR was statistically (chi-square test) higher (p < 0.025) in the second group. The 5-year actuarial survival was 39.7% in the group of patients treated with chemoradiotherapy plus surgery. After 5 years 53% of the patients who reached CR are living free of disease in the first group and 76% in the second group.

Analysis and Comparison of Different Obesity Evaluation Indices and Their Effects on Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidaemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Ting ◽  
Jia-xing Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Xiao-xia Li ◽  
Xiu-ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Standard measures that define obesity and related disorders varies widely, this study investigated the relationship between different anthropometric indices of obesity criteria and their correlation to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia in a local adult population in China.Methods: The study participants underwent the same questionnaire survey, bio-impedance body composition analysis, and blood laboratory test. The t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the characteristics of different groups, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyse the correlation of different indicators and explore their cut-off values.Results: The study comprised 14,926 participants, of whom 39.80% (5948/14,926) were male, and the mean age of the study population was 56.75±9.74 years. The waist circumference had the greatest influence on all factors, and BMI, AVI, and BRI were similarly correlated. WHtR had the largest AUC for predicting obesity in both sexes, and in addition, we provided a recommended cut-off value of BMI, WHR, WHtR, BAI, OBD, CI, AVI, ABSI and BRI. WHtR had the largest AUC for predicting diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia, while BMI also served as a good predictive indicator (all P<0.001).Conclusions: Among the samples in this study, WHtR may be the best indicator for predicting obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia, and AVI is a good indicator in Chinese adults specifically.

scholarly journals Menopausal Symptoms and Its Correlates: A Study on Tribe and Caste Population of East India

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyel Dasgupta ◽  
Priyanka Karar ◽  
Subha Ray ◽  
Nandini Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Reproductive History ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Urinary Problems

Present study aimed to compare the incidence of menopausal problems and concomitants between tribe and caste population. This cross section study was conducted in five villages of West Bengal, a state in the eastern part of India. This study was conducted between two different ethnic groups—one of the “Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PTG)” of India named as “Lodha” and the other was a Bengali speaking caste population. A total number of 313 participants were finally recruited for this study. Study participants were married, had at least one child, had no major gynaecological problems, and had stopped menstrual bleeding spontaneously for at least 1 year. Additionally, data on sociodemographic status and menstrual and reproductive history were collected using a pretested questionnaire/schedule. Bivariate analyses (chi square test) revealed that significantly more number of caste participants suffered from urinary problems than their tribe counterpart. The reverse trend has been noticed for the frequency of vaginal problems. Multivariate analyses (binary logistic regression) show that sociodemographic variables and menstrual and reproductive history of the present study participants seem to be the concomitants of menopausal symptoms. Tribe and caste study population significantly differed with respect to the estrogen deficient menopausal problems and the concomitants to these problems.

Usia Resiko Tinggi dan Perdarahan Post Partum

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ani Media Harumi ◽  
Kasiati Kasiati
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of age high risk with the incidence ofbleeding post partum in dr. M. Soewandhie Surabaya hospital. This research is analytic with an approachof a sectional cross. The study population was all post partum mothers in the Dr. M. Soewandhie Surabayahospital in January 2016 to March 2017, which amounts to an average of 1840respondents while theresearch sample number 182. Measuring collection sheet data obtained by systematic random sampling.The Study was conducted Chi-Square test obtained mean count X2 (0,00) is less than á (0.05) thenH0 is rejected and H1 accepted it means that there is a relationship between the age of high risk withbleeding post partum. Conclusion, there is a relationship between the age of high risk with the incidenceof bleeding post partum in the Spaceof the Maternity room Dr. Moch. Soewandhie Surabayahospital.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Kelamin, Usia, Tingkat Pendidikan, dan Golongan Terhadap Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil Bagian Umum Kantor Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Bengkayang

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Sutarman 01
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
General Section ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to examine the extent to which the relationship variables (gender, age, level of education and class) to the discipline of civil servants in the General Section of the Regional Secretariat Bengkayang, to analyze the factors that have a positive and significant relationship with the discipline in General District Secretariat Office Bengkayang. The sample in this study population using all Civil Servants in the General Section Regional Secretariat Bengkayang of 60 people (saturated sampling technique). The analytical method used was a bivariate analysis with chi square test (χ2) and the hypothesis testing. Based on the analysis results of the chi square test showed that four factors have a positive and significant relationship with the discipline of civil servants, namely Gender, the value of χ2 count = 6173> Asymp. sig. (1-sided) = 0.013. Age to calculate χ2 = 23.741> Asymp.Sig. (1-sided) = 0.000. Education level with χ2 count = 11 507> Asymp.Sig. (1-sided) = 0.009. and a group with a value of χ2 count = 10 446> Asymp. sig. (1-sided) = 0.005.

scholarly journals Comparison of Temporomandibular Disorders in Iranian Dental and Nondental Students

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farideh Bahrani ◽  
Parnian Ghadiri ◽  
Mahroo Vojdani
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to define the prevalence and severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among Iranian dental and nondental students who attended Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Materials and methods The samples consisted of 200 subjects, 100 dental and 100 nondental students (equal distribution between males and females). Subjects ages ranged from 18 to 30 years (24.07 ± 2.93). A functional evaluation was performed using the Helkimo dysfunction index (Di). Data were evaluated by the Chi-square test. Results Among the total study population, 71% showed some degree of dysfunction. Prevalence ratio in dental students was 80%, while in nondental students was 62% (p < 0.05, odds ratio = 0.679). With respect to gender, women (80%) were more affected than men (62%). A significant relationship was found between gender and the occurrence of TMD (p < 0.05). Conclusion A high prevalence of signs of TMD in Iranian university students was seen which was greater in dental students and women. Clinical significance The results of this study showed that the prevalence of TMD among dental students and women was significantly higher than nondental students and men. These findings might be due to poor postural style or emotional stress during dental practice. How to cite this article Bahrani F, Ghadiri P, Vojdani M. Comparison of Temporomandibular Disorders in Iranian Dental and Nondental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2): 173-177.

scholarly journals Prevalence of lip and perioral Ephelides in beach workers

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Eudes Euler de Souza Lucena ◽  
Ana Claudia de Queiroz Castro ◽  
Danielle Bezerra de Farias ◽  
Pérola Teixeira de Lima ◽  
Éricka Janine Dantas da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Melanin Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The City

BACKGROUND: Ephelides are small hyperpigmented macules common in the skin, presenting as areas with increased melanin production. Ephelides are observed in genetically predisposed individuals, particularly fair-skinned people highly susceptible to sunburn. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of lip and perioral ephelides in 362 beach workers in the city of Natal (Rio Grande do Norte) and to investigate potential associations with sociodemographic, occupational and general health. METHODS: For this purpose clinical tests were performed by calibrated examiners in the epidemiological area around the lips and the area bounded laterally by the nasolabial groove and at the bottom by the chin. A questionnaire was completed and assessed. The possible associations between sociodemographic variables, occupational and general health with the presence of lip and perioral ephelides were evaluated by chi-square test for a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: Approximately one third of the workers were affected by perioral ephelides (33.7%) and around a quarter of them by lip ephelides (24.0%). Gender was the only variable significantly associated with the presence of perioral ephelides (p = 0.002), unlike lip ephelides which proved to be significantly associated with habits (p = 0.036) and alcoholism (0.030). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ephelides in lip and perioral region was high in the study population, with gender and certain habits associated with its occurrence.

What constitutes recovery in schizophrenia? Client and caregiver perspectives from South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhashini Gopal ◽  
Greeshma Mohan ◽  
Sujit John ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Internal Validation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Female Clients ◽  
Back To Work

Background: Understanding the concept of recovery in severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia from the social and cultural aspects is important as it will help in developing models of recovery and appropriate interventions. Client and caregiver perspectives on recovery play a significant role in shaping these models and interventions. Hence, the aim of this study was to understand how clients with schizophrenia and their caregivers perceive recovery and to examine the differences between male and female clients with schizophrenia. Materials and methods: A total of 100 clients with schizophrenia and 80 caregivers of clients with schizophrenia were included in the study after written informed consent. A semi-structured proforma was used to collect the sociodemographic profile and illness variables. A questionnaire was developed to assess the indicators of recovery from mental illness and was administered to study participants. Descriptive statistics including frequency and percentages were used along with the chi-square test for analysis. Results: The most common indicators of recovery for the clients with schizophrenia were absence of symptoms (88%), no relapse (70%) and going back to work (70%), while for the caregivers were absence of symptoms (100%), becoming independent (92.5%) and no relapse (91%). Indicators of recovery were similar between male and female clients with schizophrenia except for the need to stop medication as an indicator of recovery observed significantly more in females ( p = .006). Most clients used internal validation of indicators to assess their recovery (79%). Conclusion: Results indicate that clients and caregivers from India perceive recovery as being symptom free, able to go back to work and being independent. Clients with schizophrenia use internal validation to assess recovery. Gender does not play a role in the perceptions toward recovery in schizophrenia. These results will help in developing models of recovery for severe mental illness in Indian context leading to tailored interventions.

Prosthetic use by persons with unilateral transfemoral amputation in a South African setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbeth Pienaar ◽  
Surona Visagie
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population

Background: Due to limitations in provision of prosthetic care in South Africa, a screening tool to select transfemoral prosthetic candidates has been implemented. Objective: To describe prosthetic services, use and mobility of people with transfemoral amputation, identified as prosthetic candidates through the Guidelines for Screening of Prosthetic Candidates: Lower Limb, and to identify variables that might influence prosthetic use and mobility. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: The study population included all adults who received their first prosthesis from the Orthotic and Prosthetic Centre in the Western Cape between 1 June 2011 and 31 December 2014. Data were collected, with an adapted version of the Prosthetic Profile of the Amputee, from 43 participants, through telephonic interviews. Descriptive and inferential analysis, with the chi-square test, was done. Results: The majority of participants were older than 50 years (77%). Most participants (35; 81%) used their prosthesis; however, only 42% (18) used it daily. A significant association ( p = 0.000) was found between prosthetic rehabilitation and self-reported prosthetic walking distance. Less than half of participants received prosthetic rehabilitation and only 10 (30%) could walk 500 steps and more without resting. Conclusion: Participants used their prosthetic leg, but experienced limitations in frequency of wear and mobility. Clinical relevance Current findings showed that participants’ prosthetic mobility was curtailed. In less-resourced settings, carefully selecting prosthetic candidates may be necessary to provide access to services. Prosthetic provision is advised to be followed up with prosthetic rehabilitation for favourable mobility outcomes.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude of People towards using Complementary and alternative medicine in Riyadh city - A questionnaire study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5164-5172
Author(s):  
Misfir Theeb Alqahtani ◽  
Abdul Bari Mohd ◽  
Tahani Mohammad Al Rahbeni
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Riyadh City ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Source Of Information

The practice of CAM use is influenced by , cultural and religious factor; it becomes essential to explore the prevalence and perception on a regular basis. Therefore, aim of this survey was to assess the knowledge and attitude of consumers towards Alternative Complementary Medicine in Riyadh city. A questionnaire based survey was carried out in Riyadh city from Dec. 2019 to April 2020 on the residents above 18 years. Details of type of CAM practiced and its source of information and questions on the perceptions of participants regarding use of CAM like Is it safe to use alternative medicine, Less expensive/ more effective than modern medicine were asked. The responses of perceptions were on 3 point scale-Agreed, neutral and disagreed. Chi-square test was applied to find association different types of and perceptions with demographic variables. A value of p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of (n=381) subjects responded to the questionnaire. Most of the study subjects reported social media (51%) as the main source of information for the and used herbal medicine (72.70%). Females and participants between 51-60 years showed significantly higher use of (p&lt;0.05). Almost 40.70% and 54.4% of the study participants agreed that the is safe and less expensive than modern medicine, respectively. Researches in the area of CAM by focusing each practice separately should be encouraged so that sufficient evidence exists to use or refute any CAM practice and physicians must advise patients to consult the respective experts and work in an integrated approach for the well-fare of the patients and the society.

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