scholarly journals Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Investment ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
West African ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
African Countries ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Sub Saharan

The Public Investment Management Assessment (PIMA) of Benin has brought to light an institutional framework of high quality but ineffective implementation. In accordance with the PIMA methodology applied in several countries, the mission focused on assessing the institutional strengths (such as the legal framework and organization) for each institution in the analytical framework, as well as its effective implementation. Benin was found to have a high-quality, relatively complete institutional framework. The country outperforms its peers in this regard, not only compared with the average for the countries of the subregion (the West African Economic and Monetary Union—WAEMU), but also the Sub-Saharan African countries that have already conducted a PIMA exercise (Figure 1). The effectiveness of the framework, however, is weak.

scholarly journals Implementation Issues in Rural Development in Sub-Saharan African Countries: Problems and Prospects

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-119
Author(s):  
VA Okosun ◽  
JO Ezomo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Modernization Theory ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Rural Development Policies

It is a credo amongst scholars cum academics all over the globe that well coordinated and elaborate programmes and policies of rural development mounted by the third world countries in sub-Saharan Africa will lift her entire citizenry from manacle of gross underdevelopment to a region of  development in all facets of their economies. The countries in sub-Saharan African have spent trillions of dollars in rural development sector but an overview of the economies of these countries show that the vast population are marooned and encapsulated in gross poverty, ignorance, and  underdevelopment. The reason is attributable to poor implementation of rural development policies and programmes coupled with a host of  variegated factors. This paper therefore defines the concept of  implementation and rural development. The authors of this paper adopt the modernization theory to explicate the work. It discusses the significance of rural development to the economies of Sub-Saharan African countries. The paper also explains how poor implementation of rural  development programmes affects these countries. Moreover, it  orchestrates the factors/problems that impede rural development drives of various governments in Sub-Saharan African. Furthermore, it elucidates on the prospects of rural development. The paper finally suggests that an effective implementation of rural development programmes in all  ramifications is the only vehicle for rapid growth and economic  development in Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals From the Persuasion of Theory to the Certainty of Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-Sharieh ◽  
Jeanne Mifsud Bonnici
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
European Union ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Public

This paper analyses the legal bases of community policing under European Union (EU) law and the national laws of England, France, Germany, Italy, Romania and Portugal. Community policing arguably helps the police achieve efficient policing while respecting the requirements of the rule of law, a founding value of the EU, and can be a form of co-operation between the EU Member States under the EU legal framework for crime prevention. Moreover, the law in the selected jurisdictions supports four elements of the community policing model: (1) the public-police partnership in establishing policing strategies and priorities; (2) the public-police partnership for crime prevention and detection; (3) proactive and preventive policing; and (4) the police as providers of high quality services tailored to improve people’s quality of life. These elements are interrelated and interdependent: their holistic legal articulation is necessary for their effective existence.

scholarly journals Citizenship education in Denmark: reinventing the nation and/or conducting multiculturalism(s)?

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Rüdiger Haas
Keyword(s):  
Citizenship Education ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Sociocultural Integration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Compulsory Subject ◽  
Political Vocabulary

Article & 2008 In 2007 the concept of citizenship was officially incorporated into teacher education in Denmark, as part of a compulsory subject called 'Christianity studies, life enlightenment, and citizenship'. Thus, at least to some extent, the notion of citizenship is expected to find its way into the educational and political vocabulary of future teachers and pupils/students of the Danish educational system, and probably into the public discussions about the meaning of democratic education in general. The subject itself is only described in very general terms within the legal framework. In order to understand the meaning and purpose of the new subject it is necessary to position it within a broader discourse of citizenship education, as it has been launched by the Danish nation state since 1999. First, citizenship education seems to be exclusively about responding to cultural diversity; secondly, articulated as part of a nation state driven strategy of the sociocultural integration of foreigners, migrants and ethnic minorities. From this follow the questions: What does integration mean, and integration into what? I will make use of four different versions of multiculturalism as my analytical framework – assimilationism, cosmopolitanism, fragmented pluralism, interactive pluralism, and pointing to the fact that the first seems to be the hegemonic understanding of the purpose of citizenship education.

scholarly journals Explaining Episodes of Growth Accelerations, Decelerations, and Collapses in Western Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550003
Author(s):  
Patrick Imam ◽  
Gonzalo Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
West African ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Growth Regressions ◽  
Domestic Credit ◽  
Growth Accelerations ◽  
Sub Saharan

The growth literature has had problems explaining the "sub-Saharan African growth dummy" in cross-country regressions. Instead of taking the usual approach of focusing on long-run growth and assuming that sub-Saharan countries have homogenous parameters in growth regressions, we concentrate our analysis on episodes of growth turnarounds (identifying growth accelerations, decelerations, and collapses) and use only West African countries in our sample. Using probits for a group of 22 Western African economies for the period 1960–2006, we find that growth accelerations are most clearly associated with external shocks, economic liberalization, political stability, and closeness to the coast; decelerations occurred during short-lived regimes and when corruption indices weakened; and collapses are linked to external shocks, falling domestic credit, and proximity to the coast.

scholarly journals Relationship between Public Debt Burden and Health Expenditure in Sub-Saharan African Countries: The Role of Institutional Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusmawati Said ◽  
Abdullahi Sani Morai
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

The historically lower level of public health expenditure of sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries could be partly explained by the mounting debt burden of this region. This consumes a sizable proportion of their domestic resources to debt servicing and potentially decreases their overall budgetary allocations to various sectors in the economy and health expenditure in particular. Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach on a sample of 43 sub-Saharan African countries, we examined the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure highlighting the role of institutional quality for the period 2000 – 2014. The empirical result confirms that the relationship between public debt burden and health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa is negative. Interestingly, however, the marginal effect of the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure has shown that such a negative relationship turns out to be positive when the quality of the institutions is at maximum. This suggests that the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa is a function of institutional quality.  Therefore, to minimize the negative impact of public debt on health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa, governments should take determine stand to minimize its debt accumulation and intensify efforts toward the improvement of institutional quality in the region comprehensively.

scholarly journals Policies for Youth Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-74
Author(s):  
Schwebel David ◽  
Elisenda Elisenda ◽  
Peter Wobst ◽  
Ileana Grandelis
Keyword(s):  
Job Creation ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Rural Transformation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Training Programmes

A qualitative analytical framework, policy discourse analysis, is applied to understand the prevalence of youth-targeting in national policies related to employment. Forty-seven policies from 13 Sub-Saharan African countries promulgated in 1996 to 2016 were selected for the evaluation, based on their direct or indirect relevance to youth employment via themes of development, rural transformation, and agriculture. The main findings show that policies focus more on promoting labour supply strategies, e.g. training programmes on entrepreneurship skills, rather than demand-side ones—such as reducing the constraints to business development and job creation at the sectoral level. Policies rarely touch on known constraints faced by youth, like their limited engagement in agribusiness activities and representation in policy dialogues. SSA policies with a youth employment lens associated to the different pillars of the Decent Work Agenda are assessed.

scholarly journals The Legal Framework for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in Cameroon by Non-Governmental Organisations

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Alvine Longla Boma
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right

Civil Society organisations play key roles in African countries. This is not an exception in the Cameroonian dispensation. Indeed, the existence and operation of civil societies in this jurisdiction is legitimated by a 1990 law allowing the free formation of associations. Even though the state has the primary obligation to promote and protect human rights, there also exists a plethora of associations with the same interest. This paper is motivated by the state’s wanton failure in ensuring the enjoyment and fulfilment of the right. For one thing, the state has maintained a stronghold on the Civil Society through legislation which gives public authorities a leverage over human rights defenders. Moreover, an analysis of existing legal and institutional frameworks available to allow human rights non-governmental organisations thrive, leaves much to be desired. Findings reveal that though there are adequate laws and institutions which ensure the creation and functioning of Civil Society organisations in Cameroon, there are also contradictory laws which give the public authority an edge over these organisations and allow them to sanction the activities of some human rights defenders under the guise of maintaining public order. We argue that there should be adequate protection offered to human rights defenders as well as the relaxation of laws permitting public authorities to illegally sanction the activities of relevant non-governmental organisations.

scholarly journals Emerging Issues in Public Sector Reforms in Africa: An Assessment of Ghana and Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salami Issa Afegbua ◽  
Ganiyu L. Ejalonibu
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Service ◽  
West African ◽  
Public Sector Reform ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Reforms ◽  
Emerging Issues

Public sector reform (PSR) has been quite popular in Africa and in recent years, several African countries have implemented far-reaching governance and public service reform measures. The aim of this article is to consider the historical development of Public Sector Reform in Africa and the philosophy behind the ubiquitous wave of reform in the continent. The article discovers that those reform measures have so far gone through three different phases to promote and/or accelerate the revitalization of the public service. It identifies some major challenges that account for the monumental failure of PSR. Finally, the paper offers suggestions on how African countries can free themselves from the doldrums of current PSR. This article will not only broaden the frontier of knowledge in the field of public administration but also address the present and on-going reality of public sector reforms in the West African sub region. This study uses a ‘Literature Survey’ in examining the issue in question.

Economical Situation in Sub-Saharan African Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Dariusz Soboń ◽  
Janusz Soboń ◽  
Joanna Rogozińska-Mitrut ◽  
Ruslana Seleznova
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Primary Commodity ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Abstract What began as a single COVID-19 case in China in late 2019 quickly spread around the globe in the first quarter of 2020. While the impact on the world’s health systems is unknown, the economic toll remains also remains unknown as the world grapples with an unprecedented global recession. This paper estimates that COVID-19 will drag African economies into a fall of about 2,1% in GDP, with smaller economies facing contraction of up to 8%. The contraction is mainly a result of export adjustments affecting primary commodity exporters, and the attendant losses to tax revenue which reduce the capacity of government to extend the public services necessary to respond to the crisis.

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