scholarly journals Leve Simons' levers? Een literatuurstudie naar kritiek op Levers of Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Wim Koekkoek ◽  
Michael Corbey
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Interactive Control ◽  
Levers Of Control

Het Management Control-raamwerk Levers of Control (LOC) werd in 1995 geïntroduceerd door Robert Simons en is daarna invloedrijk gebleken. Er is echter ook sprake van kritiek. Dit artikel inventariseert kritiekpunten die zijn gevonden in wetenschappelijke tijdschriften. Deze kritiek is geordend op de inhoudelijke aspecten en de toepasbaarheid van de LOC. De inhoudelijke kritiek betreft de gehanteerde (vage) terminologie, het (overlappende) onderscheid tussen de vier levers, en de (soms weinig) concrete invulling van de vier levers zelf. Bij de toepasbaarheid merken critici op dat de LOC niet (zonder meer) wereldwijd toepasbaar is, dat het aantal managementniveaus (te) beperkt is, dat er sprake is van een (te) beperkte visie op belonen, en dat er weinig bewijs is voor de veronderstelde relatie tussen interactive control en organizational learning. De verbeteringen die in de literatuur worden aangedragen worden kort besproken en betreffen vooral nadere invulling van de individuele levers en uitbreiding van het LOC-raamwerk.

scholarly journals Levers of Control and Managerial Performance: The Importance of Belief Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Ancella Anitawati Hermawan ◽  
Emil Bachtiar ◽  
Panggah Tri Wicaksono ◽  
Nia Pramita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Belief Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Management Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strategic Uncertainty ◽  
Managerial Performance ◽  
Interactive Control ◽  
Strategic Risk ◽  
Levers Of Control

Belief systems, which are one of the four levers of control, play a vital role in an organization. This study is primarily aimed at examining the effects of belief systems on managerial performance. Since the four levers of control jointly function in management control systems, we extend our study by investigating whether the contingent-fit between strategic risk, strategic uncertainty, and the other three levers of control (i.e., boundary systems, diagnostic control, and interactive control) strengthens the association between belief systems and managerial performance. A survey questionnaire was distributed to the upper-level management of various companies or strategic business units in Indonesia during the fourth quarter of 2017, resulting in 81 respondents. Hypotheses testing were conducted using the OLS regression model. This research found that belief systems are positively associated with managerial performance, indicating that the implementation of effective belief systems leads to higher managerial performance. This study also found that the contingent-fit between strategic risk, strategic uncertainty, and the other three levers of control does not have any effect on how belief systems are positively associated with managerial performance. This finding indicates that although management does not adopt a fit combination between its level of strategic risk and strategic uncertainty and the boundary systems, diagnostic control, and interactive control, it can still achieve good performance as long as strong belief systems are implemented. These findings confirm the critical role of belief systems in the levers of control. Thus, management needs to ensure the establishment of more effective belief systems if the company or business unit wants to produce optimal performance.

scholarly journals BELIEF SYSTEM, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN DIAGNOSTIK, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERAKTIF, INOVASI, KINERJA ORGANISASI (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI JAWA BARAT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Mariyam Chairunisa
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Electronic Mail ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Management Control System ◽  
Interactive Control ◽  
Levers Of Control ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to examine impact of Management Control System  on organizational performance mediated by innovativeness. Contingency and Levers of Control  theories are used in this research with data collection and judgment sampling method on manufacturing companies. The data are represented by managers and assistant managers as respondents in West Java Area. The data is collected by post, electronic mail and direct survey from January 27, 2016 to March 2016. Result of this study indicates that management control system consisting belief system and interactive control system have a positive effect and significant on innovativeness and innovativeness ultimately have a positive and significant impact to organizational performance. However, diagnostic control system does not have significant influence to innovativeness. This study solely relies on construct of innovativeness capability.

scholarly journals Antecedentes do Sistema de Controle Gerencial em Cooperativas de Crédito da Região Sul do Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Anderson Betti Frare ◽  
Vagner Horz ◽  
Alexandre Costa Quintana ◽  
Ana Paula Capuano da Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Strategic Uncertainty ◽  
Management Control System ◽  
Interactive Control ◽  
Strategic Risk ◽  
Credit Cooperatives ◽  
Levers Of Control

Objective: Considering the turbulent economic environment as well as the peculiarities of the operations conducted by cooperative entities, this study sought to analyze the connections between strategic risks and uncertainties and the use of the Management Control System (MCS) by credit cooperatives in Brazil’s South region.Method: This is a quantitative study, conducted as a survey with a sample of 57 credit cooperatives. The data was analyzed through Structural equation modeling, with partial least square estimation on SmartPLS 3.0 software. The strategic risk and strategic uncertainty constructs were analyzed in relation to their connection with Simons’ Levers of Control (1995), which contemplates the beliefs and boundary controls and interactive and diagnostic control systems. Furthermore, the connections between the four Levers of Control are also analyzed.Originality/Relevance: The study covers the antecedents (strategic risks and uncertainties) of MCS use, contemplating different compositions of type and class in credit cooperatives, taking previous studies into consideration, as well as covering a singular and pertinent region in the context of Brazilian credit cooperatives.Results: Strategic risk is not associated with the use of the Management Control System. Strategic uncertainty was proven to be the element that receives the most importance from managers in the process of using the four Levers of Control. Regarding the beliefs system construct, its importance is positively linked to the interactive control system, as also occurs with the connection between the interactive control system and the diagnostic control system.Theoretical/Methodological contributions: The study demonstrates the pertinence of the Levers of Control for credit cooperatives, inserted in the context of strategic risks and uncertainties.Social/management contributions: The findings bring about relevant contributions by proving that the balanced use of the four Levers of Control is relevant for promoting the strategic renovation of credit cooperatives, especially regarding strategic uncertainty.

scholarly journals Levers Of Control: Analysis Of Management Control Systems In A Slovenian Company

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Metka Tekavčič ◽  
Darja Peljhan ◽  
Zeljko Šević
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Interactive Control ◽  
Control Framework ◽  
A Company ◽  
Levers Of Control

In the paper, we study management control from the Simons’ four levers of control framework point of view (i.e. diagnostic control systems, interactive control systems, beliefs systems, and boundary systems). The theoretical framework is tested by the use of an in-depth case study. We investigate how are MCS deployed by a case company according to Simons’ four levers of control and how does a company use them. The paper looks at tensions and balances between different styles of use of formal MCS, as well as between different types of control systems (e.g. formal vs. informal). The study’s contribution is that it incorporates a wider range of controls, including informal (i.e. social) mechanisms, to provide a more comprehensive analysis, as opposed to the majority of prior studies focusing on a more limited range of controls.

scholarly journals Peran Levers of Control Terhadap Hubungan Antara Perencanaan Strategis dan Kinerja UMKM

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Praja Hadi Saputra ◽  
Hamid Bone ◽  
Indah Permatasari
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
Management Control System ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Mediation Hypothesis ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
Levers Of Control

This study investigates the role of levers-of-control (LOC) based controlling system in the strategy formulation and MSME performance relationship in Samarinda. Through a survey conducted on the leadership (controller) of MSMEs in Samarinda City, this study evidenced the role of management control systems in the strategy formulation and MSME performance relationship. Of the 49 responses of MSME leaders, processed using PLS-SEM analysis, this study provided empirical evidence that the strategy formulation had a positive relationship with MSME performance. In addition, the indirect relationship between the two (mediation) through LOC-based management system supported the mediation hypothesis that the LOC-based management control system affects the strategy formulation and MSME performance relationship. In other words, it can be concluded that the management control system can increase the strategy formulation role that leads to MSME performance betterment.  

scholarly journals Management Control System (MCS) as a Package Elements Influence on Organizational Performance in the Pakistani context

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-295
Author(s):  
Shafique-ur Rehman ◽  
Rapiah Mohamed ◽  
Hazeline Ayoup
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Management Control System ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Levers Of Control

This paper intends to demonstrate the relationships between the management control system (MCS) as a package elements with organizational performance. Many studies conducted and investigated the impact of the management control system (levers of control) and organizational performance and ignore the elements of MCS as a package. Pakistan textile industry faces a lot of issues regarding MCS as packages elements and due to these issue organizational performance reduced. Therefore, current study portray a framework that consists of some vital elements of control adopted from Malmi and Brown (2008) MCS as a package like planning control, cybernetic controls, rewards and compensation controls, administrative controls, and cultural controls which if empirically investigated would demonstrate the extent of by in Pakistan textile industry and how these controls generate better organizational performance. This suggests that the need for more explanation of Pakistani textile industry managers on the need to adopt better MCS practices as these practices lead to better organizational performance. Although the current paper is conceptual in nature thus, needs an empirical study to address in the light of resource-based view theory.

Synthesizing management control frameworks

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie O'Grady ◽  
Paul Rouse ◽  
Cathy Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Management Control Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Control Framework ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Viable System ◽  
Levers Of Control ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the holistic nature of control systems to understand how they operate across organizational levels and manage change.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes an analytical approach using the viable system model (VSM) to assess the two main frameworks of control reported in the accounting literature.FindingsThe VSM provides an elegant framework for management control systems with explicit consideration of: multiple levels of control, communication channels, interactions with the environment, and the mechanisms for attaining balance between stability and change.Practical implicationsThe evaluation of current management control systems produces specific suggestions for improving the levers of control frameworkOriginality/valueThe VSM has not previously been aligned with management control frameworks.

The Performance Effects of Using Business Intelligence Systems for Exploitation and Exploration Learning

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Lee ◽  
Sally K. Widener
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Business Intelligence Systems ◽  
System Use ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Exploitation And Exploration

ABSTRACT Accounting researchers are becoming increasingly interested in the performance effects of business intelligence (BI) systems in their role as management control systems. Extant research focuses on the performance effects of adopting and implementing such systems. However, there is less known about how organizations use the information in BI systems for management control once implemented, and whether the use of this information translates into organizational performance. We utilize the theoretical connection between information systems and organizational learning to explain the performance effects of BI system use through organizational learning. Evidence from recent literature indicates the need for organizations to engage in exploitation and exploration learning in pursuit of organizational ambidexterity. Our study draws on agenda setting and framing theories to provide insights that will enable organizations to strategically use the information in two fundamental BI systems to emphasize either or both modes of learning. Subsequently, we examine whether the two modes of learning translate into performance.

scholarly journals Levers of Control for Supply Chain Sustainability: Control and Governance Mechanisms in a Cross-Boundary Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost de Haan-Hoek ◽  
Wim Lambrechts ◽  
Janjaap Semeijn ◽  
Marjolein C. J. Caniëls
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Triple Bottom Line ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Sustainable Supply Chain ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Interactive Control ◽  
Levers Of Control

The rise of global supply chains as well as attention to the Triple Bottom Line provides organizations with new conditions and strategy paradoxes to be dealt with when it comes to sustainability in supply chain management. This study of a large multinational organization with a strong Triple Bottom Line focus provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of control and governance mechanisms in supply chain context. Through the Levers of Control framework, the application of these mechanisms both internally and across organizational boundaries is shown. The interplay between levers helps in dealing with the in itself paradoxical nature of Triple Bottom Line goalsetting. The results show that the “softer” elements of the Triple Bottom Line, i.e., People and Planet, are approached with the lever associated with the beliefs system, which in turn enforces the boundary and interactive control systems. Ultimately, applying the Levers of Control in supply chain context might contribute to pursuing a holistic approach of sustainable supply chain management.

Strategy, IT and control @ eBay, 1995-2005

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan N. Stone ◽  
Alexei N. Nikitkov ◽  
Timothy C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Control System ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Consumer Trust ◽  
Online Auction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Auction Market ◽  
Levers Of Control

Purpose – This paper aims to adapt Simons’ (1995b) theory of the role of information technology (IT) in shaping and facilitating the levers of control (i.e. the Levers of Control Applied to Information Technology – LOCaIT) as a framework for investigating how eBay’s business strategy was realized through its management control system (MCS) in the first 10 years of the online auction market. Design and method – The qualitative method uses data from public record interviews, teaching cases, books, Securities and Exchange Commission filings and other archival sources to longitudinally trace the realization of eBay’s strategy through its MCS and IT. Findings – Realizing its strategy through the eBay MCS necessitated a diagnostic control system unlike any previously seen. This system created a close-knit online community and enabled buyers and sellers to monitor one another’s performance and trustworthiness. Research limitations and implications – The LOCaIT theory facilitated understanding the core aspects of the realization of eBay’s strategy through its MCS and IT. However, LOCaIT largely omits the strong linkages evident among elements of the MCS, the importance and necessity of building a core IT infrastructure to support eBay’s strategy and the central role of building consumer trust in the realization of this strategy. Practical and social implications – eBay’s MCS is now, perhaps, the world’s most widely imitated model for creating online trust and user interactions (e.g. Yelp, TripAdvisor, Amazon). In addition, eBay’s MCS was “sold” as a consumer product that was instrumental in facilitating consumer trust in the online auction market. Originality/value – Contributions include: tracing the creation, growth and evolution of, perhaps, the world’s largest and most widely imitated MCS, which redefined the boundaries of accounting systems monitoring; and testing the range, usefulness and limitations of Simons’ LOCaIT theory as a lens for understanding eBay’s use of IT in their MCS.

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