scholarly journals A Study Of The Pragmatic Functions Of Modern Chinese Adverbs “Zhen”, “Zhenshi” And “Zhende”

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 469-475
Author(s):  
Luu Hon Vu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evaluation Function ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Third ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Pragmatic Function ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Adverbs

This research used the Modern Chinese Research Corpus System constructed by Beijing Language and Culture University as the corpus source, and analyzed the pragmatic functions of Modern Chinese adverbs “zhen”, “zhenshi” and “zhende” which are located before the predicate and are used as sentence adverbial. The results show that these adverbs have similarities and differences in pragmatic functions. The adverb “zhen” has four pragmatic functions: one is to confirm authenticity, the other is to express subjective evaluation, the third is to express a high degree of authenticity, and the fourth is to make hypotheses. The adverb “zhenshi” has only one pragmatic function, that is, the subjective evaluation function. The adverb “zhende” has two pragmatic functions: one is to confirm authenticity, and the other is to express subjective evaluation. The adverb “zhenshi” and “zhende” can appear together with the degree adverbs “tai” and “hen”, but the adverb “zhen” cannot appear with the degree adverbs. The adverb “zhen” and the adverb “zhende” can be replaced with each other, and the meaning of the sentence remains unchanged after the replacement.

Sociometry, Peace Research and Creative Conflict Transformation: An invitation to an encounter between J. L. Moreno and Johan Galtung

FORUM ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Wilfried Graf
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Transformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
The Third ◽  
Peace Research ◽  
Conflict Counseling ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The One

- In his seminal work ‘Who Shall Survive' (1934), Moreno expresses his hope that sociometry will ultimately prepare the ground for a ‘Science of Peace'. On this basis, the author invites the reader to a meeting between sociometry, sociatry, and sociodrama, (especially the contributions of J. L. Moreno) on the one hand, and peace research and conflict transformation (especially the contributions of Johan Galtung) on the other. In the first part of this article, J. L. Moreno is re-examined as an early pioneer of peace research. The second part is a discussion of the similarities and differences between J. L. Moreno, as the founder of sociometry and psychodrama, and Johan Galtung, as the founder of peace research. The third part outlines the possibility of bringing together both approaches for a method of creative conflict transformation, conflict counseling, and mediation.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of the Entrance of the Safavid Mosques in Tabriz

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247-1257
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optimal Structure ◽  
Third Place ◽  
The Third ◽  
Expert Choice ◽  
Conceptual Connection ◽  
Similarities And Differences

In fact, the entrances are part of the mosques that cut people off from the outside space and join them to the spiritual atmosphere. Besides, throughout the indirect entrance, an individual can prepare its thoughts and soul to connect to special spiritual environment. This essential traits of entrance reveals its conceptual connection. The present study develops a descriptive-analytical and comparative interpretation and tries to provide an answer to the question of similarities and differences of facade of Saheb Ol-Amr, Zahiriyeh, Maghsoudiyeh Square and Haj Safar Ali mosques in the Safavid period in Tabriz. To provide an optimal structure for facade design, the three factors of entrance shape, the elements of entrance and the components of the entrance were employed in this comparison. The results show the similarities and reveal major differences among these mosques. Additionally, pairwise analysis performed with Expert choice software draws the importance of each factors considered in facade design. The shape of entrance has the ratio of 36%, the following proportions are occupied by components of entrance (35%) and elements of the facades with the coefficient of 31%. Each parameter provides various suggestions. The shape and elements of entrance, draw Saheb Al Amr Mosque in the first place. On the other hand, Haj Safar Ali assesses the first location from the components’ suggestions. While, Saheb Al Amr Mosque has been achieved the third place from this point of view. Both numerical and statistical analysis recommends that Saheb-Ol Amr mosque is the most well-known mosque among the other mosques in the study.

Sterile base florets in Triticum

1955 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
High Degree

The morphology of the florets in three base-sterile speltoid mutants of Triticum aestivum L. is described. In two of the three mutants the basal floret only is affected. In one of these (St1) There is a high degree of sterility in the basal floret of all spikkelets except those on the distal part of the inflorescence; in the other (St1A) the basal floret of the basal and the distal spikelets is nearly always fertile, the highest degree of sterility being developed in the spikelets towards the middle of the ear. In the third mutant (St2) two florets are usually concerned. The basal floret of all spikelets except the apical one is practically always sterile. The second floret in the distal spikelets is mostly fertile, but in the lower spikelets it too is sterile and there is a gradient in fertility form distal to basal spikelets. The minimal effect of the sterility factor is the abortion or complete suppression of the anterior Stamen. This is accompanied by fusion and increased growth of the lodicule rudiments; all other floral parts develop normally. Greater incidence of the sterility results in the suppression of the lateral stamens with increased development of the lodioular structure and reduced growth of the palea. Fusion of the reduced palea and lodicular structure is usually followed by the abortion of the gynaeceum. In its extreme expression the sterility factor suppresses entirely the initiation of the flower primordium. Failure of florets in higher positions on the spikelets to form grain is due to immaturity and is different from basal sterility. When the basal florets are sterile, florets in higher positions than usual set grain. The mechanism by which the St genes operate and the evolutionary significance of basal sterility is discussed.

The Relative Emphasis Upon Mechanical Skill and Applications of Elementary Mathematics

1921 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 435-443
Author(s):  
Fiske Allen
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Mathematics ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Division Of Fractions ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Way

The teaching of elementary mathematics has two distinct purposes, quite closely connected with each other and yet easily distinguished. The pupil must develop a skill in the manipulation of the symbols of elementary mathematics and he must develop a power to apply them to the solution of life problems. By special emphasis upon either phase of the subject an ability can be developed in it without a corresponding ability in the other phase, and sometimes at the expense of ability in the other phase. It is easy to develop in pupils a high degree of skill in the mechanical processes of computation with almost no ability to decide in a particular problem what process is to be used. And in pioneer days many men were quite able to solve the problems met in daily life though knowing nothing of the use of figures for purposes of computation. It has been very interesting to me to note that pupils in the third and fourth grades, utterly innocent of the use of the symbols in division of fractions, will frequently solve problems involving division of fractious more readily than will those same pupils after they have been taught to “invert the divisor and multiply.” This does not mean that skill in computation with figures stands in the way of solving concrete problems, but that during the time devoted to acquiring the skill they have lost power in thinking number relations, possibly through a transfer of interest.

WPS and Responsibility to Protect

2018 ◽  
pp. 584-597
Author(s):  
Alex J. Bellamy ◽  
Sara E. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
The Other ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Gender Lens ◽  
Cross Fertilization

This chapter explores the evolving relationship between WPS and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). It begins by outlining the emergence of R2P in the wake of failures to respond adequately to mass atrocities in Rwanda, Bosnia, and elsewhere, and evaluating the charge that, as originally conceived, R2P was “gender blind.” The chapter moves on to show how the UN Secretary-General and others have attempted to build bridges between the two agendas and how the Security Council has looked to simultaneously implement both. This section also considers some of the feminist critiques of R2P in light of these efforts. The third part of the chapter sets out the similarities and differences between the two agendas and calls for greater cross-fertilization between them, including through the incorporation of a gender lens into atrocity prevention and an atrocity-prevention lens into WPS. Overall, the chapter argues that the two agendas should be understood as mutually reinforcing, such that the attainment of one requires the attainment of the other, but that they are complementary rather than synonymous agendas inasmuch as they contain important differences

scholarly journals Repeated reproduction: Back to Bartlett. A French replication of narrative and an extension to proverbs

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-527
Author(s):  
Pauline Mercier ◽  
Nikos Kalampalikis
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
French Language ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Original Experiment ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
First Time

The objective of this article is to replicate, for the first time in the French language, an original experiment of F.C. Bartlett (1920, 1932/1997) with the same narrative he used: “The War of the Ghosts”. Work on proverbs describes it as a matter socially elaborate calling on a practical thought. Thereby, in addition, this article proposes to study proverbs from a psychosocial point of view by using the method of repeated reproduction. Even if the proverb and the story are similar in their characteristics, they differ in their lengths and when one uses more the implicit, the other uses more the metaphor. The third objective is the comparison between memory processes for the proverb and the story. Eighteen dyads met twice to reconstruct their memories of these materials. The results highlight the importance of the cultural dimension in reconstructing memory and confirm that the strangeness of the proverb and narrative complicates their understanding. They also reveal similarities and differences in the processes of reconstructing the narrative through the different replicas of the original experiment.

scholarly journals Независимо используемый дательный падеж в литовском, русском и словенском языках: некоторые замечания к сопоставительному анализу

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 206-224
Author(s):  
Елена Коницкая
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dative Case ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The present article examines independent or non-subcategorized uses of the dative case in three languages: Lithuanian, Russian, and Slovenian. The analysis is based on the classification of the dative functions proposed in the literature on Lithuanian (Holvoet & Čižik-Prokaševa 2005; Rembiałkowska 2007): 1) dativus ethicus, 2) dativus iudicantis; 3) dativus sympatethicus; 4) dativus commodi. The comparative methodology is based on establishing similarities and differences between the examples in each group identified in Lithuanian and their Slavic counterparts. The analysis shows that the first group is represented in all three languages, while in the other three groups considerable differences are observed. In some cases, in the second group, the Lithuanian non-subcategorized dative corresponds to the Russian construction для (‘for’) + GEN, and to the Slovenian construction za (‘for’) + ACC. In the third and fourth groups, the Lithuanian dative case, which usually represents an external possessor, often corresponds to the Slovenian dative, differing nonetheless from Russian where the construction y (‘at’) + GEN is used.

scholarly journals FROM THE ETYMOLOGY OF RUSSIAN DIALECTAL WORDS WITH THE ROOT ‘TAL-//TOL-’

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Maria O. Leont’eva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
Word Origin ◽  
The One ◽  
General Semantic ◽  
Different Sources

The article presents etymological and motivational analysis of three dialectal lexical groups with the root tal-//tol-. The author considers that the dialecticisms under study refer to the word family талый <talyi> (melted) / таять <tayat’> (to melt) and attempts to reconstruct its own motivational logic for each lexical group. The first part of the article analyzes the word талы/толы <taly/toly> (eyes), the origin of which currently remains not clear enough. The author provides the known hypotheses of the word origin, which include both the initial version (bringing to the family таять (to melt) and an assumption of borrowing. The initial version of the word origin is developed based on its semantic and functional characteristics, the peculiarities characterizing the perception of the organ of vision in language and culture, and motivational patterns in dialectal designations of eyes. The version of the origin of the word as borrowed from the Turkic languages is critically analyzed through reference to the patterns of the appearance of Turkic borrowings in Russian dialects. The second part of the article is devoted to the lexical group талики/толики <taliki/toliki> (ripe cloudberry). Different sources treat these lexical unit as a Finno-Ugric borrowing, on the one hand, and as related to the Russian word таять (to melt), on the other hand, thus interpreting them as a result of semantic loan translation from Finno-Ugric. The paper provides some additional arguments in favor of the version that the names of ripe cloudberry belong to the family таять (to melt), while admitting the possibility of the original (not loaned) origin of the naming. The third part of the article deals with the dialectal word талица <talitsa> (rutabaga), the etymological solutions for which are unknown. The author considers this word to have origin in the verb таять (to melt), which is argued based on the peculiarities of the secretion of juice from rutabaga while its being cooked. In conclusion, some other names of cloudberry and rutabaga are compared, and general semantic lines of ‘melting’ and ‘steaming’ for the analyzed phytonyms are derived.

Orosensory Perception, Speech Production, and Deafness

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milo E. Bishop ◽  
Robert L. Ringel ◽  
Arthur S. House
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Form Discrimination ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The oral form-discrimination abilities of 18 orally educated and oriented deaf high school subjects were determined and compared to those of manually educated and oriented deaf subjects and normal-hearing subjects. The similarities and differences among the responses of the three groups were discussed and then compared to responses elicited from subjects with functional disorders of articulation. In general, the discrimination scores separated the manual deaf from the other two groups, particularly when differences in form shapes were involved in the test. The implications of the results for theories relating orosensory-discrimination abilities are discussed. It is postulated that, while a failure in oroperceptual functioning may lead to disorders of articulation, a failure to use the oral mechanism for speech activities, even in persons with normal orosensory capabilities, may result in poor performance on oroperceptual tasks.

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

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