scholarly journals Efficacy of task-oriented training vs proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on mobility and balance in spastic cerebral palsy

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
V. Rajalaxmi ◽  
P Swetha ◽  
R.N.V. Deepthi ◽  
Raja Sathya ◽  
S Omana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Task Oriented

Introduction and Aim:One of the most significant and common clinical finding in a majority of children with (CP)is difficulty in walking and exhibiting poor balance control which results in poor gait and reaching movements as maintenance of stability is critical. There are numerous approaches, protocols and treatment strategies to improve balance and gait control. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of task- oriented training and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises (PNF)on mobility and balance in spastic cerebral palsy.   Methodology: This was a comparative study design with pre-post type 20 samples were selected based on the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups. Group A received task-oriented training and group B proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and Pre & post measurements were done using paediatric balance scale and timed up and go test.   Results:On comparing the post-test values of group A and group B both the group showed significant difference with the pre-test, on comparing the post-test values of group A and group B, group A showed better significance than group B.   Conclusion: The present study concluded that there seems to be evidence that task-oriented training is more beneficial in training program for increasing the mobility and balance in spastic cerebral palsy comparing to proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.  

EFFECT OF YOGA ON CARDIOVASCULAR EFFICIENCY

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Brij Bhushan Singh ◽  
Shubi Mirja ◽  
Samiya Husain
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of yogic practices on cardio-vascular efficiency. Material and methods: Total Forty (40) subject’s boys/girls were selected as the sample of the study through the random sampling and their age ranged between 20 to 25 years from the Department of Physical Education, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The subjects were divided into two groups comprising 20 subjects in each group, namely group “A” (the experimental group) performs yogic practices (Asanas, Pranayamas and Kriyas) and group “B” (the control group) served as control. Statistical technique: for the assessment of the cardiovascular efficiency through Harvard step test pre and post-test was conducted and t-test was applied for the analysis. Result: revealed that there exist a significant difference between group A and group B, at .05 level of significance. On the basis of the pre and post-test among experimental and control group, experimental group found better than the control group on cardiovascular efficiency and significant result were found in this study.

Determining Knowledge and Behaviour Change: After Nutrition Screening Among Older Adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Southgate ◽  
Heather H. Keller ◽  
Holly D. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Nutrition Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Two education interventions involving personalized messages after nutrition screening in older adults were compared to determine changes in nutrition knowledge and risk behaviour. Of 150 older adults randomly selected from a local seniors’ centre, 61 completed baseline screening and a demographic and nutrition knowledge questionnaire and were randomized to one of two groups. Group A received personalized letters plus an educational booklet, and Group B received personalized letters only. All materials were sent through the mail. Forty-four participants completed post-test questionnaires to determine change in knowledge and risk behaviour. Both groups had reduced nutrition risk scores and increased knowledge scores at post-test. After the intervention, a significant difference was observed in knowledge change by treatment group. Group A participants experienced greater gains in knowledge, with a mean gain of 5.43 points, than did those in Group B, who had a mean gain of 1.36 points (p=0.018). Screening and education with print materials have the potential to change risk behaviour and nutrition knowledge in older adults. A specially designed booklet on older adults’ nutrition risk factors plus a personalized letter provide an effective education strategy for older adults after screening.

scholarly journals Using Dictation to Promote the Use of Grammar Knowledge in Reconstructing Listening Texts

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Hesthi Herusatoto
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Grammar Knowledge ◽  
Control Group Group

This paper reports the findings of the implementation of full dictation and partial dictation in improving the awareness of using grammar knowledge in reconstructing listening texts among the EFL students at STBA (School of Foreign Languages) LIA Yogyakarta. Three groups participated in the study, i.e. two experimental groups (Group A and B) and a control group (Group C). A pre-test on listening to lectures was administered to the three groups. Over 9 sessions, Group C did the listening exercises in their textbook using dicto-comp technique, while in addition to the listening exercises which applied dicto-comp, the students in Group A was given full dictation exercises and Group B received partial dictation exercises. A post-test was given to the three groups after the ninth session. In addition to the post-test, a 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire assessing the students responses to the dictation exercises was given to the experimental groups. Results of paired-samples tests indicated that there was a significant difference between each groups pre- and post-test. The mean gain score of Group B was higher than Group A showing that Group B had better improvement in the post-test. Furthermore, Group B had better grammar points in their post-test compared to Group A. Group C also increased their scores but they still got their teachers assistance to point out their grammatical mistakes in their notes. This suggests that the dictations given to the experimental groups improved the students awareness in applying their grammar knowledge to reproduce a listening text they heard.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Efficacy of Functional Task with Unilateral AFO and Knee Gaiter versus Bobath Intervention on Patients Gait Dysfunction in Stroke Population - A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Thangavelu Karthikeyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Stroke Population ◽  
Gait Dysfunction ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Functional Task

Introduction: Stroke is defined as sudden onset of focal neurological deficit lasting more than 24 hours duration. There are several complications derived from these illness, including neurological disorders like gait dysfunction. Attending to this problem, some treatments have been developed, including ankle foot orthosis (AFO), knee gaiter and bobath intervention. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of functional task in patients affected by stroke. Material and Methods: Timed up and go (TUG) was the measurement evaluated. A total of 10 stroke patient were recruited for the study. 5 (Group A) received treatment with Functional Task Intervention with AFO knee gaiter). Group B (n=5) were treated with Bobath Intervention. The inclusion criteria were unilateral stroke with 3-6 months duration after onset, age limit 45-65 years and ability to comprehend the instructions for testing procedures. The exclusion criteria were bilateral stroke, mental dysfunction, non cooperative patients, cognitive and perceptual dysfunction, visual and auditory impairment and orthopedic disorders that impair ambulation. Results: The pretest mean score of Group A was 30.18 and the post-test mean score was 13.08. On the other hand, group B patients obtained a pre-test mean score of 31.48 and the post-test mean score was 18.04. Conclusion: The result of the present comparative study concluded that the functional task intervention with unilateral AFO and knee gaiter was more effective than Bobath intervention on stroke population.

scholarly journals READING, RETELLING, REHEARSAL AND VIDEOTAPING (RRRV) TO IMPROVE SPEAKING ABILITY IN ENGLISH

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
Andy Andy
Keyword(s):  
Reading Ability ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Test Result

ABSTRACT. RRRV (Reading, Retelling, Rehearsal, and Videotaping) learning method is a verbal English learning method which is useful to combine reading ability and retelling a story preceeded by doing rehearsal and therefore students’ verbal competence can be increased during this process. This research aims to test the effectiveness in applying RRRV to merely RRR without V. The subjects are students at faculty of language and literature consisting of group A (RRRV) and group B (RRR) only. Pre-test of English proficiency is given to group A and group B before treatment is presented to both of them. The result of the test is used to ascertain whether the goups are homogenous in terms of their English proficiency. It shows that both group A and B have equal ability in TOEFL test result, thus both groups are considered to be homogenous and hence different treatment are given to group A and B. After treatments, data is taken from both groups based on post-test result by retelling the content of story and including video-taping for group A and audio-taping for group B. Meanwhile, data is taken from questionnaire consists of students’ opinion in applying RRRV and RRR method. Data from the test is stored in SPSS version 22 and inferential statistics of independent sample t-test analysis is used to examine if there is significant difference between the use of RRRV and RRR only. The result of questionnaire is analysed using descriptive statistics. Hopefully, the resulf of this research is able to contribute to the body of knowledge about how to improve verbal English proficiency. Keywords: RRRV, RRR, verbal English proficiency

scholarly journals Effect of Vertebral Pressure Technique and Intercostal Stretch Technique on Respiratory Rate, Tidal Volume, SpO2 and Heart Rate among Organophosphorus Poisoning Patients: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Abhinav Salve ◽  
Sachin Maghade ◽  
Sneha Katke
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Organophosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Respiratory PNF technique is a proprioceptive and tactile stimulus that alters the depth and rate of breathing. Intercostal stretch enhances the chest wall elevation and increase chest expansion and diaphragm excursion to improve intra-thoracic lung volume which contributes to improvement in flow rate percentage. Vertebral pressure is another respiratory PNF where there is increased epigastric abdominal excursion over T2-T4. Objective: To find out the effect of Vertebral pressure and Intercostal stretch technique on respiratory rate, tidal volume, SpO2 & heart rate among organophosphorus poisoning patients Method: Data was collected from 24 ICU patients who were on mechanical ventilator. Subjects were divided in two groups. Intercostal stretch technique was given to group A and vertebral pressure technique was given to group B, changes HR, RR, SpO2, tidal volume was noted and data analysis was done. Result: There was significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention readings for both the groups A and B at heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2 and tidal volume related (p<0.001). It thus proved that respiratory stimulation improves TV, Decrease in RR and HR and increase in SpO2 for both groups. Conclusion: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation techniques are effective in improving HR, RR, lung capacity and Oxygen saturation in patients with OP poisoning. There was significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention readings for both the groups A and B at heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2 and tidal volume. Key words: Organophosphorus poisoning, Mechanical ventilator, intercostal stretch, Vertebral pressure, Respiratory PNF.

scholarly journals Pengaruh durasi senam diabetes pada penurunan glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe II

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Weni Kurdanti ◽  
Tri Mei Khasana
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: The management of DM focused on four pillars: education, nutrition therapy, physical exercise, and pharmacological interventions. In type 2 diabetes, physical activity functions primarily in controlling diabetes.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of differences in the duration of aerobic exercise on blood glucose levels.Method: This was quasi-experimental research with pre-post test design. A total of 24 respondents with type 2 diabetes were divided into two groups consisting of groups A that received aerobic exercise with a duration of 30 minutes and group B received aerobic exercise with a duration of 60 minutes for 6 weeks and frequency of exercise 3 times each week. Statistical tests use paired t-tests and independent t-tests.Results: The mean post-test blood sugar level based on HbA1c measurements in group A was 7.92±1.56% while group B was 7.13±0.99%. Mean pre-test - post-test blood sugar levels in the two groups were significantly different (p<0.05). Aerobic exercise for 6 weeks with a frequency of 3 times each week can reduce HbA1c by -2.5±0.96% in group A while group B increased by 0.02±0.29%. There is a significant difference in HbA1c before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise between two groups (p=0.021).Conclusion: Aerobic exercise with a duration of 30 minutes for 6 weeks 3 times each week can reduce blood glucose (HbA1c) by -2.5±0.96% while the group duration of aerobic exercise 60 minutes an increase of 0.02±0.29%. There is a significant difference in HbA1c before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise between the two groups.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF STRETCHING EXERCISES WITH OR WITHOUT BACLOFEN ON SPASTICITY, FLUID INTAKE AND CALORIES INTAKE IN CEREBRAL PALSY CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmad ◽  
◽  
Aleem Liaqat ◽  
Nabeela Kanwal ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Modified Ashworth Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ashworth Scale ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Objectives: to find out the effectiveness of stretching exercises and baclofen alone and combined in spastic cerebral palsy children on spasticity, fluid and calorie intake. Material & Methods: A single-blinded, randomized control trial was conducted at Allama Iqbal Hospital, and Idrees Teaching Hospital. The participants between 5-15 years, having spasticity score of 2 or more on Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). The participants were randomly divided into three treatment groups i.e. group A received baclofen, group B received stretching and group C received both baclofen and sustained stretching. Data were collected by Performa / Questionnaire, which calculated basic demographics, BMI, fluid and calorie intake, and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Results: The result showed significant difference (p<0.05) among group with large effect size while comparing mean differences of Fluid intake {F(df)=2,57(988.603), η2 =0.972, p<0.001} and Calories intake {F(df)= 2,57(166.877), η2 =0.854, p<0.001}. While there was no significant difference in mean difference of spasticity {F(df)= 2,57(2.119), p=0.130}. Conclusion: baclofen along with stretching exercises significantly improved fluid, calorie intake and spasticity.

Task-oriented training and exer-gaming for improving mobility after stroke: a randomized trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Arshad Nawaz Malik ◽  
Tahir Masood
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Virtual Reality Training ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dynamic Gait Index ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
Dynamic Gait

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of task-oriented training and to compare it with virtual reality training on the mobility, physical performance and balance in stroke patients. Method: The randomised controlled trial was conducted from January 2016 to March 2017 at the Physical Rehabilitation Department of Pakistan Railways General Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised patients 40-70 years with stroke history of at least 3 months who had the ability to stand unaided. The subjects were randomised into virtual reality training group A and task-oriented training group B. Task oriented training was provided for 3 days per week over 8 weeks to both groups with each session lasting 40-45 minutes, while additional 15-20 minutes of exer-gaming was provided only to group A. Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity, Berg Balance Test, Timed Up and Go Test and Dynamic Gait Index were used for assessment which was done at baseline, and at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of training. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Of the 52 subjects, there were 26(50%) in each of the two groups. The overall sample had 36(69.2%) males and 16(30.7%) females. Group A showed significant difference in Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity and Berg Balance Test scores at 04 weeks of training compared to group B (p<0.05). Timed Up and Go Test significantly improved in group A at 6 weeks (p<0.05). Both groups showed significant improvement in Dynamic Gait Index after 8 weeks of training (p>0.05). Continuous....

scholarly journals The historical or the contemporary context: which of the two ensures a deeper understanding of gas properties?

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna D. Milanovic ◽  
Dragica D. Trivic
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Contemporary Context ◽  
Contemporary Approach

The aim of this research was to explore the effects of two approaches, designated as the historical and the contemporary one, on the level of students' understanding of the properties and the practical use of gases. Our research hypothesis was that the historical context of the discovery of gases and the study of their properties would deepen students' understanding of the properties and the practical use of gases more than the contemporary context. A total of 129 students attending the eighth grade of primary school, aged 14, took part in the research project. After taking a pre-test, the students were divided into two groups (A and B respectively), equal in terms of their test scores. Group A (63 students) was exposed to the historical approach, whereas group B (66 students) was exposed to the contemporary approach. The students from group A individually dealt with a text that presented various episodes from the scientific-research work of Joseph Priestley, whereas the students from group B dealt with a text pertaining to the properties and the use of gases in contemporary society. Having been exposed to different approaches, all the students did a post-test. No statistically significant difference was established between the overall results of the students who had been exposed to the historical approach and those exposed to the contemporary approach, and the research hypothesis was rejected. However, one statistically significant better score in one of the post-test items in group A may be connected with the influence of the corresponding episode from the history of science.

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