scholarly journals Anti - inflammatory activity of ten indigenous plants in carrageenan induced paw oedema in albino rats

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-653
Author(s):  
Manjula Shimoga Durgoji Rao ◽  
Sucheta Prasanna Kumar ◽  
Vasanthalaxmi Krishnanada Rao
Keyword(s):  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction and Aim: Inflammation is a symptom associated with many diseases, can be treated with steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which can cause severe side effects when used as long-term treatments. Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide verity of phytochemical compounds as secondary metabolites which shows anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity of crude extracts of leaves of Jasminum grandiflorum (Jg), Vinca rosea (Vr), Azadirachta indica (Ai), Lawsonia inermis (Li), Nerium indicum (Ni), Calotropis gigantea (Cg), Tectona grandis (Tg), Andrographis paniculata (Ap), Tabernaemontana corymbosa (Tc) and Marsedinia volubilis (Mv) as well as alcoholic extracts of leaves of Cg, Tg and Ap were evaluated in Wistar rats.   Methods: Acute anti-inflammatory activity of crude extracts of ten indigenous plants were studied by calculating the volume changes in the hind paw after injecting carrageenan in rats comparing with Ibuprofen which was used as a standard drug in this study. Anti-inflammatory effect of alcoholic extract of leaves of Ap, Tg and Cg (200mg/kg body weight) also studied.   Results: The groups treated with crude extract & alcoholic extract of Cg, Tg and Ap showed significant reduction in the oedema compared to control and other plant extracts. The result was very significant in Ap treated rats.   Conclusion:  Plants are one of the most important sources of medicines. In our study, the anti-inflammatory activity of ten indigenous plants could be due to presence of naturally occurring antioxidant flavonoids. The leaves of Ap are very rich in flavonoids, could be the reason for significant anti-inflammatory activity found in Ap treated rats.

A Facile One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Methylbenzisoxazoles via a Key Intermediate of ortho-Ethoxyvinyl Nitroaryls by Domino Rearrangement and Their Anti- Inflammatory Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161-1165
Author(s):  
Bashetti Nagaraju ◽  
Jagarlapudi V. Shanmukhakumar ◽  
Nareshvarma Seelam ◽  
Tondepu Subbaiah ◽  
Bethanamudi Prasanna
Keyword(s):  
Stannous Chloride ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
One Pot Synthesis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Recently, there has been a lot of scientific interest in exploring the syntheses of oxygen and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds due to their pharmacological activities. In addition, benzisoxazoles play a very important role in organic synthesis as key intermediates. Objective: In this paper, we focused on developing a novel synthetic route for biologically active arylisoxazoles under normal conditions, and simplified it to get high purities and yields, and also reported their anti-inflammatory activities. Method: An efficient and simple method has been explored for the synthesis of novel 3-methyl arylisoxazoles from o-nitroaryl halides via o-ethoxyvinylnitroaryls, using dihydrated stannous chloride (SnCl2.2H2O) in MeOH / EtOAc (1:1) via Domino rearrangement in one pot synthesis. Result: We synthesized novel 3-methylarylisoxazoles from o-nitroarylhalides via o-ethoxyvinylnitroaryls, using dihydrated stannous chloride (SnCl2.2H2O) in MeOH / EtOAc (1:1) via domino rearrangement. In this reduction, nitro group and ethoxy vinyl group change to the functional acyl ketones, followed by hetero cyclization. Here, the reaction proceeds without the isolation of intermediates like 2-acylnitroarenes and 2- acylanilines. All the synthesized compounds were completely characterized by the NMR and mass spectra. The compounds were also explored for their anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced inflammation in the albino rats (150-200 g) of either sex used in this entire study with the use of Diclofenac sodium as the standard drug. The initial evaluations identified leading targets with good to moderate anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusion: A simple, one-pot and convenient method has been explored for the synthesis of novel 3- methylarylisoxazoles with high purity and reaction yields. All the compounds 3a, 3c, 3d, 3f, 3g and 3h exhibited 51-64% anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydroxytriazenes and their Vanadium Complexes

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (s2) ◽  
pp. 1144-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Peeyush Patel ◽  
A. K. Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vanadium Complexes ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The anti-inflammatory activity of hydroxytriazenes as well as their vanadium complexes has been studied using carrageenan induced hind paw oedema method in albino rats (Wister strain). Hydroxytriazenesviz., 3-hydroxy-1,3-diphenyltriazene(HT-1), 3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido)phenyl triazene(HT-2), 3-hydroxy-3-p-chlorophenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido) phenyltriazene(HT-3), 3-hydroxy-3-m-chlorophenyl-1-(4-sulfonamido)phenyltriazene(HT-4)(HT-4) and their respective vanadium complexes C-1, C-2, C-3 and C-4 have been synthesized using standard methods, purified, characterized and used for studying their anti-inflammatory activities. The hind paw oedema was produced by subplanter injection of carrageenan and the paw volume was measured plethysmographically after 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 h. The animals were givenHT-1, HT-2, HT-3andHT-4and also vanadium complexes C-1, C-2, C-3 and C-4 dissolved inDMSO(at dose 5 mg/Kg body weight). Diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug. The standard drug shows maximum inibition up to 1h as 81.73% which goes on increasing up to 3h (88.94%) but further reduces to 74.93% at the end of 5 h. The test compounds i.e. both ligands as well as their metal complexes show maximum percent inhibition only up to 1h. after which the efficacy reduces. Thus it can be said that both ligands as well as their vanadium complexes show very significant anti-inflammatory activity up to 1h which is comparable to standard drug.

scholarly journals Comperative phyto toxicological and anti inflammatory effects of leaves extracts of holoptelea integrifolia

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Hina Yasin ◽  
Shaukat Khalid ◽  
Hina Abrar ◽  
Ghazala H Rizwani ◽  
Rehana Perveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Etoac Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Plants play valuable role in the new drug discovery and significantly used to treat different diseases. Nowadays scientists are investigating the therapeutically active phytochemical constituents that are safe and producing lesser side effect in comparative to other standard drugs.Methods: The plant Holoptelea integrifolia is medicinally important and this study was carried out to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of the leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia in male albino rats wistar stain treated with acetic acid to induced paw edema.Results: Result indicated the significant anti-inflammatory activity while compared with standard drug (diclofenac sodium).Brine shrimp bioassay (cytotoxicity), phytotoxicity, insecticidal and enzyme inhibition activity was performed in different extracts of the leaves of H. integrifolia. Results of brime shrimp bioassay indicating positive lethality at high dose in BuOH and H2O only. While the results of phytotoxicity in all crude extracts displayed mild phytotoxicity(46.3 µg/ml) in high concentrations (1000 µg/ml) except H2O extract showed no phytotoxicity. Result of insecticidal activity revealed that BuOH extract were found more effective against Rhyzoperthadominica, the EtOH extract expressed major while EtOAC extract showed mild activity against Callosobruchusanalis. Aqueous extract possessed no insecticidal activity.Conclusion: Results of Urease inhibition activity suggested that EtOAC and BuOH extracts of this plant expressed no activity while EtOH and H2O possessed mild inhibiting activity.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(2) 2018 p.212-217

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Tectona grandis Linn. stem extract

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapna P. Giri ◽  
Sushilkumar B. Varma
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Heat Method ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractThe objective of this work was to study the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity ofHealthy albino rats (150–200 g) and mice (25–50 g) were arranged and divided into five groups. Group 1 received distilled water and served as control, groups 2, 3, 4 were treated with TG stem extract (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) and group 5 received standard drug. For analgesic activity, the radiant heat method and writhing test were used, and for anti-inflammatory activity, the paw oedema model and granuloma pouch method were used. Statistical analysis was done by one-way analysis of variance followed by the t-test.In the radiant heat method, there was a dose-dependent increase in reaction time in TG stem extract (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) and standard drug (buprenorphine). In the writhing test, TG stem extract (200, 400 mg/kg) and aspirin decreased the number of writhes which was significant (p<0.01, p<0.001) as compared to controls. The percentage protection was 8.88%, 15.55%, 22.22% and 35.55% in groups 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. In the rat paw oedema test, TG stem extract (200, 400 mg/kg) and aspirin showed 20%, 40% and 54% inhibition of oedema which was statistically significant (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001), respectively, as compared to control at the end of 4 h. In the granuloma pouch method, TG stem extract (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) and aspirin showed 13.33%, 22.22%, 33.33% and 66.66% inhibition of granuloma, respectively, which was significant (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001).TG stem extract possesses significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PORTULACA OLERACEA LINN. LEAVES IN ACUTE INFLAMMATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
M. Medhabati ◽  
L. Babycha ◽  
L. Tarinita ◽  
Bikram Tewari ◽  
Saumya Kanti Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Action

In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea (POE 200, 400 and 600mg/kg) was studied using carrageenan induced paw oedema in albino rats. The mean increase in paw volume was recorded. POE produced significant (p<,0.01) anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the control. The anti-inflammatory action of POEcan be attributed to its flavonoid contents which are known to act through inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. However, the test drug at maximum dose (600mg/kg) was found to be less effective than the standard drug, aspirin (100mg/Kg).

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some novel N-Mannich bases of heterocyclic 1,3,4-thiadiazole.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
Piush Sharma ◽  
Charanjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mannich Reaction ◽  
Mannich Bases ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

A series of some novel N-Mannich bases of heterocyclic 1,3,4-thiadiazole were synthesized through the condensation reaction of 1,3,4-thiadiazole containing a aromatic secondary amine, aromatic aldehydes and cyclic compounds employing Mannich reaction and using conventional synthesis. All the synthesized compounds were obtained in the range of 57.41-83.3 % yield. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by UV, IR, 1H NMR spectroscopy. the essential structural features responsible for interaction with receptor site are established within a suggested pharmacophore. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was determined, against two Gram-positive bacteria, viz. S. aureus & B. subtilis and Gram-negative, viz. E. coli and K. pneumoniae, by cup-plate method using the standard drug ciprofloxacin. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) changed in the range of 1.56_ _ 200 mg mL_1. Compound 3b exhibited excellent activity against both bacteria. The in vitro antifungal activity of the synthesized compound was also evaluated by cup-plate method against the fungi A. niger and C. albicans compared with the standard drug Fluconazole. Compound 4a, 8a exhibited excellent activity against both fungi. The result has shown that the compounds are quite active against pathogens under study and were nontoxic. The anti-inflammatory activity of the compound was evaluated, on albino rats, by carageenan induced rat paw oedema method using the standard drug diclofenac sodium. Compound 7b and 8c exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmacological activities. Structurally the compound 7b has a greater number of unsaturated hydrocarbons in schiff base, which shows good lipophilic properties within electron rich morpholine ring in Mannich base. Statistical significance of differences between group was determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Among the synthesized compounds 3a, 4b, 5c, 7b, 8a and 8c were found be the most active. All the synthesized compounds were found to be low lethal as ascertained by LD50 test. Keywords: N- Mannich bases of heterocyclic 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives; Mannich reaction; antimicrobial agents; anti-inflammatory activity;

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-inflammatory Activity of (2E)-3-(2-Bromo-6-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalene-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar M. Guruswamy ◽  
Shankar Jayarama
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Edema Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

(2E)-3-(2-Bromo-6-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalene-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (d1) was synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation method and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectral studies. The anti-inflammatory activity was conducted in Swiss albino rats for paw edema model. Edema was actuated with 1 % carrageenan to every one of the animals following 1 h of the oral medicines. Paw thickness was checked at t = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 24 h. Stair climbing score and motility score were surveyed at t = 24 h. Compound d1 signicant decline in paw thickness at p < 0.001 diminished by 32 % in paw thickness. The compound d1 signicantly expanded the stair climbing and motility score. This study suggested that the compound d1 exhibits remarkable anti-inflammatory activity when compared with that of the standard drug.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GUAZUMA ULMIFOLIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Bhawna Damor ◽  
Kalpesh Gaur ◽  
A Dashora ◽  
SA Parra
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Guazuma Ulmifolia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Guazuma ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae) is commonly used in folk medicine as a single drug remedy to treat various ailments like; skin diseases, headache, wounds, ulcers, asthma, kidney disease and malaria. However, the use of the herb for treatment of pain and inflammation has not been scientifically investigated. Objective: This study of 80% methanolic crude extract of the leaves of Guazuma ulmifolia was evaluated for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties using established animal models. Material and methods: Wister albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats per group. The control group was orally given 2 ml/kg (p.o.) of distilled water. The positive control received standard drug (Diclofenac 10 mg//kg, Indomethacin 20 mg/kg). The rest of the groups were treated with 80% methanolic extract of Guazuma ulmifolia at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg. Animals were then subjected to tests using hot plate and tail-clip for analgesic activity, for anti-inflammatory activity carrageenan-induced paw edema test and histamine-induced paw edema test was used. Result and Discussion: Guazuma ulmifolia extract showed a dose-dependent significant reduction of pain in analgesia models (p<0.001) with 500 mg/kg dose producing the highest reduction. The extract significantly reduced carrageenan-induced inflammation in a dose-independent manner, in which the highest reduction of inflammation was observed at 500 mg/kg. Conclusion: The data collectively indicate that 80% methanolic extract of Guazuma ulmifolia leaves has potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.  

scholarly journals Anti inflammatory effect of rhizome of Curcuma longa. Linn, in Albino rats by the method of Carrageenin induced paw oedema

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayan Pariyani Savaringal ◽  
Lally M. S.
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Background: Curcuma longa or turmeric is a popular Ayurvedic herb, traditionally used for various inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis and spondylitis. Turmeric which containing phytochemical ingredient curcumin is used in India for centuries as a topical anti inflammatory agent. Many of the currently used anti inflammatory agents like NSAID’s and glucocorticoids have many undesirable adverse effects, especially when they are used for long period. In the present study, Curcuma longa, a plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family was chosen for investigating its anti-inflammatory effects.Methods: The rhizomes of Curcuma longa were collected locally. The extract was prepared by soxlet extraction with 50% ethanol. Albino rats of Wistar strain (170-250grams) obtained from the animal house of medical college Thiruvananthapuram were used. Aspirin was purchased from sigma Labs, Mumbai. Anti-inflammatory effect of the extract was done in rats by the method of Carrageenin induced paw oedema.Results: The ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa inhibited the development of oedema at the end of 3 hours. The anti-inflammatory activity exhibited by the extract was dose dependent and statistically significant at dose levels of 1000-mg/kg and comparable to that of standard drug used Aspirin.Conclusions: The present study with extract of Curcuma longa revealed that it has significant anti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Study of anti-inflammatory activity of Ficus racemosa linn stem bark extract in albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Priya Mohan B. N. ◽  
Suma Jayaram ◽  
Sanitha Kuriachan
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Cotton Pellet ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli. Though there are standard anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, diclofenac, etc., these are not free of side effects. This has led to an increase in demand for natural products with anti-inflammatory activity having less side effects. Hence the study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Ficus racemose (EEFR) in albino rats.Methods: Healthy albino rats of either sex were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each. Group1-control, group 2-diclofenac sodium 2 mg/kg and group 3 and 4 EEFR (200 and 400 mg/kg respectively), anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by Carrageenan induced paw oedema: formalin induced-peritonitis and cotton pellet induced granuloma model for in vivo activity and protein denaturation test for in vitro activity.Results: EEFR exhibited significant in vitro (p<0.001) anti-inflammatory effect at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg. EEFR produced 61.37% inhibition at the dose of 400 mg/kg and diclofenac (standard drug) produced 62.95% of inhibition after 3 hours of drug treatment in carrageenan induced paw oedema. The exudate volume was decreased in formalin induced peritonitis by EEFR and diclofenac significantly (p<0.001). In cotton pellet induced granuloma EEFR (400 mg/kg) and diclofenac showed decreased formation of granuloma by 28.36% and 28.00% (p<0.001) respectively.Conclusions: EEFR has significant anti-inflammatory activity in both acute and chronic model in a dose dependant manner in comparison with standard drug.

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