scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF PATIENT PREFERENCES IN THE SURGICAL MANAGEMENT PLAN OF EARLY BREAST CANCERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1947-49
Author(s):  
Ayesha Khan ◽  
Afroz Mushtaq ◽  
Syeda Rifaat Qamar Naqvi ◽  
Razia Bano ◽  
Fahad Ali Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Preferences ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Breast Conservation ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fear Of Recurrence ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine patient preferences in the surgical options of early breast cancers and surgeon’s role in the decisionmaking. Study Design: cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Breast Surgery Department, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Nov 2020 to May 2021. Methodology: Patients having early carcinoma breast were studied, i.e., clinical stage 1 or 2, and their surgical preference was recorded. The cases were discussed in multidisciplinary meetings, and a discussion session with patient conducted and then final decision taken from the patient was recorded again, and the results compared. Results: A total of 28 patients were included in this study and their surgical preferences recorded. Of these patients 22 (78.5%) agreed to breast conservation initially, whereas one of the patients wanted mastectomy. Five (17.8%) patients were undecided between the two. After multidisciplinary team recommendation and discussion with surgeon, only one patient opted for mastectomy (3.6%). Conclusion: Patients with early breast cancer when offered a surgical decision between breast conservation and mastectomy mostly opt for breast conservation; those who select mastectomy do so because of the fear of recurrence.

scholarly journals Student dropout at university: a phase-orientated view on quitting studies and changing majors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bäulke ◽  
Carola Grunschel ◽  
Markus Dresel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Student Dropout ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study

AbstractStudent dropout can be conceptualized as a decision-making process, consisting of different phases. Based on previous literature on student dropout, decision-making, and action-phases, we proposed that the process of developing dropout intentions includes the following phases: non-fit perception, thoughts of quitting/changing, deliberation, information search, and a final decision. In the present cross-sectional study, we empirically investigated if the assumed phases can be distinguished from each other, if the phases follow the presumed order, and whether each phase is associated with certain characteristics. Furthermore, we considered a strict separation between quitting studies completely and changing a major. For this purpose, we analyzed data of N = 1005 students (average age of 23.0 years; 53% female; 47% male) from a German University. By using confirmatory factor analyses, we found the supposed factor structure for the different phases concerning both kinds of dropout, quitting studies, and changing majors. In each process, structural equation modelling indicated positive relations between adjoining phases. The factor values correlated to a substantial amount with an assortment of variables associated with student dropout. On a theoretical level, the conception of different phases of student dropout helps to get a better understanding of regulatory processes in the context of student dropout.

Awareness of basic life support among undergraduate medical students in Syria, Iraq and Jordan: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nour Shashaa ◽  
Mohamad Shadi Alkarrash ◽  
Mohammad Nour Kitaz ◽  
Roaa Rhayim ◽  
Mohammed Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Sudden cardiac arrest considers one of the most leading cause for death in all over the world. It is important for all medical students to train basic life support. This study evaluated the awareness of basic life support among medical students. Methods An electronic questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted in November 2020 among 2114 medical student in Syria, Iraq and Jordan. We evaluated BLS skills according to mean score. A chi-squared test was used to determine if there were differences between those who attended a basic life support course and those who did not. Results 1656 of the participants (78.3%) stated that they did not attend a basic life support course. There was a significant difference between the participants from different countries where the mean score in Syria, Jordan and Iraq was 18.3, 24.3 and 18.8 respectively (p < 0.05). The participants were divided into 3 level according to total score; low (0–12), moderate (13–24) and high (25–37). In total, 18.3%, 72.8% and 8.9% of participants had high, intermediate and low level respectively. Conclusions The overall knowledge of basic life support among medical students is not adequate and need significant improvements. This study showed that an attendance a basic life support course previously had an effect on knowledge level. Hence, there is an urgent need to apply basic life support courses into the pre-clinical stage at universities.

scholarly journals Profile of Herpes Zoster Patients with Co-morbidities: Cross-sectional Observation at a Tertiary Level Hospital in Dhaka

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Md Shirajul Islam Khan ◽  
Hossain Md Emran ◽  
ATM Rezaul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Morbid Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Introduction: Herpes zoster (HZ) is characterized by an extremely painful vesicular rash, which may be complicated by secondary infection and post-herpetic neuralgia. To date, multiple risk factors associated with HZ have been established, including endocrine diseases, immunosuppressive conditions, cancers, and other chronic medical conditions. Objectives: To assess the profile of herpes zoster associated with co-morbid condition. Methods and Materials: This cross sectional study was conducted among purposively selected 130 HZ patients in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2018. Data were collected through face to face interview using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Out of 130 patients, majority of the patients were male (69.2%) and mean age was 53.5±9.8 years and majority gave the history of chicken pox 60% and common site of involvement were chest (right and left) 33.1% and 48.5%, upper back (right and left) 30.8% and 43.1% and upper right arm 33.1%. About 66.9% patients gave the history of having co-morbid condition like Diabetes 30.8%, Stroke 9.2%, Hypertension 2.3%, Myocardial infarction 3.8%, Peptic ulcer disease 10.0%, Malignancy 2.3%, Tuberculosis 2.3% and Irritable bowel syndrome 2.3%. Conclusion: Based on our study finding, we can conclude that herpes zoster is a disease that is associated with other co-morbid conditions. If herpes zoster is an early manifestation of undiagnosed co-morbid condition, patients should undergo testing for undiagnosed disease when they present with herpes zoster. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 40-43

scholarly journals ACCURACY OF THE UPPER LIP BITE TEST;

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ATIF ◽  
MUHAMMAD ABDULLAH ◽  
MUHAMMAD JAVAD YOUSAF ◽  
Khalid Buland
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Difficult Intubation ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To compare the accuracy of Upper lip bite test with modified Mallampati classification for predicting the difficultlaryngoscopic intubation. Study Design: Cross sectional Study. Place and duration of study: The study was carried out at Department ofAnaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain management, Combined Military hospital, Rawalpindi from September 2008 to August 2009.Patients and Methods: Four hundred patients undergoing elective surgery meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled afterwritten informed consent. The airways of the patients were evaluated by using the modified Mallampati classification (MMP) and theUpper lip bite test (ULBT). MMP class 3 or 4 and ULBT class 3 were considered as indicators of difficult intubation. The laryngeal view wasgraded by Cormack and Lehane classification (Gold standard). Grade 1 or 2 was considered to represent easy intubation and grade 3 or 4to represent difficult intubation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy werecalculated for both the tests separately by using the 2×2 table. Results: ULBT had a higher accuracy of 94%, specificity of 99.2% andpositive predictive value 70% compared to MMP accuracy of 82.7%, specificity of 84.4% and positive predictive value of 22.7%.Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of the Upper lip bite test was more than the modified Mallampati classification. We suggest that itbe compared with the other prevailing tests as well which are often used to assess difficult intubations.

scholarly journals Trends of Self-Medication Amongst the Patients Visiting the Out-Patient Department of Combined Military Hospital, Lahore

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Bushra Asif Ali Khan ◽  
Faiza Muzahir ◽  
Sahar Abdul Rauf ◽  
Syeda Rubab Fatima ◽  
Abida Pervaiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Previous Prescription ◽  
Patient Department

Objective: The purpose of our study was to assess the trends of self-medication practices and to determine the prevalence, characteristics, related factors, and effects of self-medication among the patients conducted. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was on patients of Combined Military Hospital Lahore on a sample size of 365. The data was collected and entered in a predesigned questionnaire about self-medication later analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: The prevalence of self-medication was 95.3% and effectiveness was 87.7%. The common reasons for self-medication were prior knowledge of usefulness of remedy (63.3%), non-affordability of consultant charges (18.4%), and lack of time (21.9%). Frequently used medicines included antibiotics (30.1%), analgesics (69.6%), antipyretics (51.0%), and antihistamines (23.6%). Respondents claimed to receive information about these drugs from various sources including doctor (38.6%), previous prescription (31.8%), retailer seller (13.4%), family/friends (43.6%), media (7.9%) and other sources (1.6%). Conclusion: It had been concluded that there is a high prevalence of self-medication. There is a need to raise public awareness about the appropriate use in order to prevent potential hazards of self-medication. Key Words: trends, self-medication, out-patient department How to cite: Khan B.A.A, Muzahir F, Rauf S.A, Fatima S.R, Pervaiz A, Jamil S. Trends of self- medication amongst the patients visiting the out-patient department of Combined Military Hospital, Lahore. Esculapio.2021. 30-33

scholarly journals Attitudes towards early marriage and related factors among adolescent girls in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Gulema ◽  
Ayah Hamdan ◽  
Jessica Gingles ◽  
Lauren E. Friedman ◽  
Bizu Gelaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background Early marriage, although it remains a common practice in sub-Saharan Africa, has detrimental effects on women’s sexual and reproductive health, social networks, and educational attainment. We sought to investigate the association between attitudes towards early marriage and marital status among adolescent girls in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3,013 adolescent girls aged 13-17 years of age, living in four districts of the Oromia region of Ethiopia. Sociodemographic characteristics and were participants’ attitudes towards early marriage were measured using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Results The prevalence of early marriage among adolescent girls was 8.3% and approximately 87.0% of girls had an overall positive attitude towards early marriage. Compared to adolescent girls who were unmarried, those who were married or living with a partner were less likely to believe they should have a say whether they want to marry or not (OR=0.32; 95%CI: 0.18-0.57), believe they should get to decide when to marry (OR=0.52; 0.31-0.88), and believe they should have the final decision over the decision to marry (OR=0.48; 0.32-0.73). Conclusions Interventions to prevent early marriage should strengthen women decision-making processes and promote women’s agency.

scholarly journals Factors associated with renal dysfunction in hepatitis C-related cirrhosis and its correlation with Child-Pugh score

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Waqar Bhatti ◽  
Umama Tahir ◽  
Noman Ahmed Chaudhary ◽  
Sania Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Hafeez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Level Of Significance

ObjectivesTo assess factors associated with renal dysfunction (RD) in hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis, correlate renal parameters with Child-Pugh score (CPS) and find a cut-off value of CPS to determine RD.Materials and methodsIt was a cross-sectional study that included 70 cases of liver cirrhosis secondary to HCV from a period of 6 months at Combined Military Hospital, Multan. Diagnosis of HCV was confirmed by serological assay and liver cirrhosis by ultrasonography. CPS was determined and lab reports were taken. Patients were divided into two groups as not having RD (serum creatinine≤1.5 mg/dL) and having RD (serum creatinine≥1.5 mg/dL). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.23.0. χ2, Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson coefficient of correlation were applied. ROC curve was drawn to evaluate cut-off value of CPS for the presence of RD. Level of significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsPatients with CP grade B or C develop RD as compared to patients with CP grade A (p=0.000). Mean age, urea, creatinine and eGFR varies significantly among patients who develop RD and patients who do not (p=0.02, p=0.000, p=0.000 and p=0.000, respectively). eGFR negatively correlates with CPS (r=−0.359, p=0.002). Creatinine, urea and ALBI score positively correlates with CPS (r=+0.417, p=0.000; r=+0.757, p=0.000; r=+0.362, p=0.002, respectively).ConclusionAscites and encephalopathy are associated with RD in HCV cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Guidelines for Physical Activity—A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Their Application in the General Population. Have We Achieved Our Goal?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3980
Author(s):  
Stefano Palermi ◽  
Anna Maria Sacco ◽  
Immacolata Belviso ◽  
Veronica Romano ◽  
Pietro Montesano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practical Applications

National and international healthcare organizations propose guidelines for physical activity worldwide, defining its characteristics. These guidelines’ practical applications are difficult to estimate, since they are not fully followed. The aim of the present cross-sectional observational study was to assess awareness about guidelines for physical activity and to evaluate their practical applications in a sample of the Italian population. In total, 310 participants completed an online survey (mean age 29.10 ± 4.44), assessing the habits, beliefs and health effects of physical activity. In total, 39.35% of respondents were inactive. In total, 6.91% of active respondents did not perform a warm-up phase at the beginning of each training session and 77.14% did not check their own heart rate during the training session. Approximately half of respondents reported erroneous beliefs about the type, frequency and volume of physical activity, compared to data proposed by the guidelines. The preventive effect of physical activity was clearly perceived for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and depression. Several subjects misinterpreted the preventive role of physical activity in colon and breast cancers, and in femur and vertebral fractures. Habits and beliefs about physical activity in the general population are far from the guidelines and recommendations. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the conscious practice of physical activity further.

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