scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF DIESEL ENGINE`S WORKING PROCESS ON LIGHT FUEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
J Khakimov ◽  
◽  
M Shatrov ◽  
J Turdiev
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
A Site ◽  
High Degree

The article considers the investigation results of the working process of diesel on light fuel. Consumption of natural resources in the form of hydrocarbon fuels, which is steadily increasing in transport, the number of rolling stock, and combustion products of motor fuels cause environmental pollution. It is shown that the transition to cheaper alternative types of fuel, by its characteristics, not inferior to liquid motor fuels, is one of the options to reduce operating costs and harmful emissions. The scheme of classification of gas systems of fuel transfer is presented: by design of the system of filling and storage of gas; by quantity of the substituted basic fuel in the system of fuel supply; by method of dosing of fuel; by name and place of sending of a control signal; by design of the unit of decrease in pressure of gas; by design and a site of heating devices of a gas stream of a high pressure; by a method of ignition of a gas-air mix; by a method of change of indicators of working process; by an aggregate condition of used According to the results of theoretical and operational research of the gas engine based on a supercharged diesel engine: the necessity of using a gas injector power supply system has been established; the power and torque of the gas engine created on the basis of a supercharged diesel engine practically do not differ from that of the diesel engine, which is explained by a relatively high degree of compression for engines with spark ignition (ε=2); it has been shown that in the long term it is possible to use gas supply systems under pressure directly into the engine cylinder. As a result, the most affordable commercial alternative fuel for road transport in Uzbekistan turned out to be natural gas.

scholarly journals Effects of Catalysts on Emissions of Pollutants from Combustion Processes of Liquid Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bok ◽  
Joanna Guziałowska-Tic ◽  
Wilhelm Jan Tic
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Sulphur Oxides ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Combustion Processes

Abstract The dynamic growth of the use of non-renewable fuels for energy purposes results in demand for catalysts to improve their combustion process. The paper describes catalysts used mainly in the processes of combustion of motor fuels and fuel oils. These catalysts make it possible to raise the efficiency of oxidation processes simultanously reducing the emission of pollutants. The key to success is the selection of catalyst compounds that will reduce harmful emissions of combustion products into the atmosphere. Catalysts are introduced into the combustion zone in form of solutions miscible with fuel or with air supplied to the combustion process. The following compounds soluble in fuel are inclused in the composition of the described catalysts: organometallic complexes, manganese compounds, salts originated from organic acids, ferrocen and its derivatives and sodium chloride and magnesium chloride responsible for burning the soot (chlorides). The priority is to minimize emissions of volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, and carbon monoxide, as well as particulate matter.

scholarly journals Pollution of urbanized territories by motor transport using the example of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alani

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 07024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Zaalishvili ◽  
Aleksandr Kanukov ◽  
Ketevan Korbesova
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Products ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Health Deterioration ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Stationary Sources

According to numerous studies, even with a relatively low level of exposure to adverse environmental factors, risk of health deterioration may occur. Both the amount of harmful emissions and their chemical composition directly affect the level of air pollution. The article considers the issues of environmental pollution of an urbanized area by automobile exhausts. The most polluted city is Vladikavkaz that is the capital of the Republic. There the main stationary sources of pollution are located and the largest number of vehicles is concentrated. The dynamics of increasing the number of vehicles in the city of Vladikavkaz over the past 10 years and a corresponding increase in harmful emissions from combustion products are shown. For the same period of time, the amount of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere from stationary sources has been considered in order to compare their contribution to total pollution compared to road transport. Based on the explorations, it is shown that the main source of pollution in terms of emissions in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is road transport. The number of vehicles is increasing year after year, amid a decrease in total emissions of pollutants from stationary sources.

scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of the technical condition of the cylinder-piston group parts on nitrogen oxide emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (5) ◽  
pp. 052058
Author(s):  
O Roslyakova ◽  
V Zaitsev ◽  
D Panov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Cylinder Piston ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Nowadays, a lot is paid to environmental protection issues, including those related to reducing emissions from ships of the sea and river fleet, which is reflected in many works. Constant control over the content of harmful emissions in the environment forces us to deal with the issues of reducing emissions from diesel engines at the design stages and during operation. The solution to this problem allows us to consider 2 directions: constructional and the use of special equipment for capture and neutralization. In the best case, a combined method can be used, i.e. constructional with the use of capturing equipment for harmful components in diesel exhaust gases. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of various factors that reduce the load on the atmospheric air from nitrogen oxides of marine diesel engines, namely, from the operating settings of the diesel engine and its wear. On the ships of the river fleet, diesel engines are used with various mixture formation with volumetric, volumetric-film, vortex mixture formation. The leader in the listed group is the volumetric mixture engines. The paper provides an assessment of the research carried out to analyze various methods of influencing the working process of a diesel engine - the type of mixture formation, wear of the cylinder sleeve in order to determine their influence on the formation of NOx emissions.

scholarly journals Environmental impact of industrial transport

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
O. Terentiev ◽  
M. Sergienko ◽  
V. Smoliar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Surface Air Layer

The article discusses topical issues and problems of the impact of industrial road transport on the environment, namely: emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere depending on the type of fuel and their negative impact on human health. The significant increase in the vehicle fleet is causing great harm in the form of harmful emissions from fuel combustion systems, which cannot be dealt with standard car cleaning systems. The situation is aggravated by the fact that car emissions are concentrated in the surface air layer - precisely in the zone of our breathing. Low- quality gasoline is still used, polluting the environment. About 280 harmful substances were found in the exhaust gases of cars, including carcinogenic benzopyrenes, nitrogen oxides, lead, mercury, aldehydes, carbon oxides, soot, hydrocarbons. These emissions increase significantly when starting off or increasing speed. Diesel engine emissions are different from gasoline engine emissions. A diesel engine burns fuel more completely, oxidizes less carbon and produces less non-combustible hydrocarbons. But, at the same time, due to the lack of air in the diesel engine, more nitrogen oxide is formed. Diesel engines also emit soot. Gas emissions from transport into the atmosphere are exposed to sunlight, which leads to photochemical reactions leading to the formation of NО2, 0з, peroxides, benzopyrene (C22H14) and other compounds. In addition, each vehicle emits rubber dust into the atmosphere when its tires are abraded and worn out. Accordingly, the scale of damage caused by transport to the environment and people is also increasing. The article analyzes the existing and promising types of fuel and the reduction of the technogenic impact of industrial road transport on the environment in Ukraine.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF GAS ENGINE, CONVERTED ON THE BASIS OF DIESELS D-120 OR D-144 ENGINES TO WORK FOR ON LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
Serhii Kovalov
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Dynamic Cycle

The expediency of using vehicles of liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel, as com-pared with traditional liquid motor fuels, in particular with diesel fuel, is shown. The advantages of converting diesel engines into gas ICEs with forced ignition with respect to conversion into gas diesel engines are substantiated. The analysis of methods for reducing the compression ratio in diesel engines when converting them into gas ICEs with forced ignition has been carried out. It is shown that for converting diesel engines into gas ICEs with forced ignition, it is advisable to use the Otto thermo-dynamic cycle with a decrease in the geometric degree of compression. The choice is grounded and an open combustion chamber in the form of an inverted axisymmetric “truncated cone” is developed. The proposed shape of the combustion chamber of a gas internal combustion engine for operation in the LPG reduces the geometric compression ratio of D-120 and D-144 diesel engines with an unseparated spherical combustion chamber, which reduces the geometric compression ratio from ε = 16,5 to ε = 9,4. The developed form of the combustion chamber allows the new diesel pistons or diesel pistons which are in operation to be in operation to be refined, instead of making special new gas pistons and to reduce the geometric compression ratio of diesel engines only by increasing the combustion chamber volume in the piston. This method of reducing the geometric degree of compression using conventional lathes is the most technologically advanced and cheap, as well as the least time consuming. Keywords: self-propelled chassis SSh-2540, wheeled tractors, diesel engines D-120 and D-144, gas engine with forced ignition, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compression ratio of the internal com-bustion engine, vehicles operating in the LPG.

scholarly journals Design of Optimal Rainfall Monitoring Network Using Radar and Road Networks

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Taeyong Kwon ◽  
Seongsim Yoon ◽  
Sanghoo Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Road Networks ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Conditional Entropy ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dam Operation ◽  
A Site ◽  
High Degree

Uncertainty in the rainfall network can lead to mistakes in dam operation. Sudden increases in dam water levels due to rainfall uncertainty are a high disaster risk. In order to prevent these losses, it is necessary to configure an appropriate rainfall network that can effectively reflect the characteristics of the watershed. In this study, conditional entropy was used to calculate the uncertainty of the watershed using rainfall and radar data observed from 2018 to 2019 in the Goesan Dam and Hwacheon Dam watersheds. The results identified radar data suitable for the characteristics of the watershed and proposed a site for an additional rainfall gauge. It is also necessary to select the location of the additional rainfall gauged by limiting the points where smooth movement and installation, for example crossing national borders, are difficult. The proposed site emphasized accessibility and usability by leveraging road information and selecting a radar grid near the road. As a practice result, the uncertainty of precipitation in the Goesan and Hwacheon Dam watersheds could be decreased by 70.0% and 67.9%, respectively, when four and three additional gauge sites were installed without any restriction. When these were installed near to the road, with five and four additional gauge sites, the uncertainty in the Goesan Dam and Hwacheon Dam watersheds were reduced by up to 71.1%. Therefore, due to the high degree of uncertainty, it is necessary to measure precipitation. The operation of the rainfall gauge can provide a smooth site and configure an appropriate monitoring network.

Significant innovations of the foreign automobile in-dustry. Construction and technological measures

2021 ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
V.А. Grushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Current Standards

Increasing the competitiveness and improving the consumer properties of the rolling stock of road transport is achieved by the development and implementation into practice of components and innovative solutions assembled on a conveyor belt of automobile wheeled vehicles that are ahead of the requirements of current standards. These innovations define development trends. Keywords: automobile rolling stock; structures; technologies; units; research; design; manufacture; operation

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Train Development in France

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Garde
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Lightweight Construction ◽  
The Future ◽  
Railway Traction ◽  
Aircraft Type ◽  
Very High

This paper presents a discussion on aircraft type gas-turbine train development. For railway traction purposes, the turbo-engines used on aircraft would improve the quality of the services provided in the electrified lines. The gas turbine should insure high speed and satisfactory acceleration. It would enable relatively lightweight construction to be carried out and run at a higher speed than trains on non-electrified lines. The gas turbine will not completely replace the diesel engine, but it will enable rolling stock to be constructed for which the diesel is unsuitable, especially in the case of high-speed, lightweight trainsets and, in the future, very high-powered units.

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