scholarly journals Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus Colonization among Pregnant Women and Feto-Maternal Outcomes in a Tertiary Health Institution, North-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim UA ◽  
Panti AA ◽  
Mohammed Y ◽  
Tunau KA ◽  
Adamu A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection is a major cause of bacterial infections in the peri-natal period. These include amnionitis, urinary tract infections and endometritis. At birth, 50-60% of the neonates born to colonized mothers have positive cultures taken from mucus membranes and the skin. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine prevalence of GBS colonization and compare the maternal and perinatal outcomes among GBS positive and GBS negative women within 7 days postpartum. Methodology: This was a longitudinal study among pregnant women between 35-37 weeks gestation attending antenatal clinic at Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Vaginal and rectal swabs were taken from the participants and cultured for growth of Group B Streptococcus within 24 hours. The participants were followed up to 7 days post-delivery with their newborns to determine the maternal and early neonatal outcomes. Results: One hundred and eighty five (185) women were recruited and 159 (85.9%) participants were available for follow-up to determining feto-maternal outcomes. Among the participants, 3.8% (7) had GBS vaginal colonization. There was no single case of early neonatal infection, intensive neonatal resuscitation nor neonatal mortality among both GBS positive and GBS negative women. Conclusion: It has been found that the prevalence of maternal GBS colonization during pregnancy was low and neither GBS colonization nor GBS non-colonization was associated with poor maternal or poor fetal outcomes.

scholarly journals Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Pregnancy: Prevalence, Determinants and Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern in Sagamu, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Adebayo A. Akadri ◽  
Bamidele D. Osuolale ◽  
Tessie O. Shorunmu ◽  
Oluwaseyi I. Odelola
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Group B

Aims: To establish the prevalence, determinants and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Group B streptococcus in pregnant women in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the antenatal clinic at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria, between July 2017 and December 2017. Methodology: The study involved 184 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. Lower vaginal and rectal swabs were collected under aseptic condition and immediately sent to the laboratory for processing. The samples were assayed for the presence of group B streptococcus using conventional methods. Information on the socio demographic characteristics and details of delivery were recorded on a data capture sheet. Results: The prevalence of Group B streptococcus was 27.7%. The odds of Group B streptococcus colonization was significantly higher among women of low parity (≤ 2) and binary logistic regression analysis showed that parity was predictive of Group B streptococcus colonization (OR 3.7; 95% CI = 1.03-13.46; P=.045). Younger women (age ≤ 30 years) and women carrying term pregnancies had a non significant trend towards higher odds of Group B streptococcus colonization [(OR= 1.22, 95% CI: 0.6-2.3, P = .54) and (OR=1.6, CI: 0.8-3.2; P = .15) respectively]. The resistance of group B streptococcus isolates to penicillin and ampicillin was 39.2% and 37.3% respectively.                           Conclusion: The group B streptococcus colonization rate in this study is high. Factors such as low parity, young maternal age and term pregnancies are associated with increased odds of colonization. The emergence of resistance to the commonly prescribed antibiotics calls for re-evaluation of the current recommendations regarding the antibiotics prophylaxis.

scholarly journals General versus regional anaesthesia for caesarean section indicated for acute foetal distress: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junette Arlette Mbengono Metogo ◽  
Theophile Njamen Nana ◽  
Brian Ajong Ngongheh ◽  
Emelinda Berinyuy Nyuydzefon ◽  
Christoph Akazong Adjahoung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Regional Anaesthesia ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Foetal Distress

Abstract Background Acute foetal distress (AFD) is a life-threatening foetal condition complicating 2% of all pregnancies and accounting for 8.9% of caesarean sections (CS) especially in developing nations. Despite the severity of the problem, no evidence exists as to the safest anaesthetic technique for the mother and foetus couple undergoing CS for AFD. We aimed to compare general anaesthesia (GA) versus regional (spinal and epidural) anaesthesia in terms of their perioperative maternal and foetal outcomes. Methods We carried out a retrospective cohort study by reviewing the medical records of all women who underwent CS indicated for AFD between 2015 to 2018 at the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon. Medical records of neonates were also reviewed. We sought to investigate the association between GA, and regional anaesthesia administered during CS for AFD and foetal and maternal outcomes. The threshold of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results We enrolled the medical records of 117 pregnant women who underwent CS indicated for AFD. Their mean age and mean gestational age were 30.5 ± 4.8 years and 40 weeks respectively. Eighty-three (70.9%), 29 (24.8%) and 05 (4.3%) pregnant women underwent CS under SA, GA and EA respectively. Neonates delivered by CS under GA were more likely to have a significantly low APGAR score at both the 1st (RR = 1.93, p = 0.014) and third-minute (RR = 2.52, p = 0.012) and to be resuscitated at birth (RR = 2.15, p = 0.015). Past CS, FHR pattern on CTG didn’t affect these results in multivariate analysis. Adverse maternal outcomes are shown to be higher following SA when compared to GA. Conclusion The study infers an association between CS performed for AFD under GA and foetal morbidity. This, however, failed to translate into a difference in perinatal mortality when comparing GA vs RA. This finding does not discount the role of GA, but we emphasize the need for specific precautions like adequate anticipation for neonatal resuscitation to reduce neonatal complications associated with CS performed for AFD under GA.

scholarly journals Biomarkers for a histological chorioamnionitis diagnosis in pregnant women with or without group B streptococcus infection: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Ren ◽  
Zhe Qiang ◽  
Yuan-yuan Li ◽  
Jun-na Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Chorioamnionitis may cause serious perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes, and group B streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most common bacteria isolated from human chorioamnionitis. The present study analyzed the impact of GBS infection and histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) on pregnancy outcomes and the diagnostic value of various biomarkers. Methods Pregnant women were grouped according to GBS infection and HCA detection. Perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes were recorded with a follow-up period of 6 weeks. The white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level from peripheral blood and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels from cord blood were assessed. Results A total of 371 pregnant women were included. Pregnant women with GBS infection or HCA had a higher risk of pathological jaundice and premature rupture of membranes and higher levels of sICAM-1, IL-8, and TNF-α in umbilical cord blood. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis revealed that sICMA-1, IL-8, TNF-α, WBC, and CRP were significantly related to an increased HCA risk. For all included pregnant women, TNF-α had the largest receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area (area: 0.841; 95% CI: 0.778–0.904) of the biomarkers analyzed. TNF-α still had the largest area under the ROC curve (area: 0.898; 95% CI: 0.814–0.982) for non-GBS-infected pregnant women, who also exhibited a higher neutrophil ratio (area: 0.815; 95% CI: 0.645–0.985) and WBC (area: 0.849; 95% CI: 0.72–0.978), but all biomarkers had lower value in the diagnosis of HCA in GBS-infected pregnant women. Conclusion GBS infection and HCA correlated with several perinatal and neonatal adverse outcomes. TNF-α in cord blood and WBCs in peripheral blood had diagnostic value for HCA in non-GBS-infected pregnant women but not GBS-infected pregnant women.

scholarly journals Poor Adherence to the Screening-Based Strategy of Group B Streptococcus Despite Colonization of Pregnant Women in Greece

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Maria Maroudia Berikopoulou ◽  
Aikaterini Pana ◽  
Theodota Liakopoulou-Tsitsipi ◽  
Nikos F. Vlahos ◽  
Vasiliki Papaevangelou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Group B

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious neonatal infections. Maternal GBS colonization is associated with early- and late-onset neonatal disease (EOD/LOD). In Greece, a screening-based strategy is recommended, in which concurrent vaginal-rectal cultures should be obtained between 36 0/7 and 37 6/7 weeks’ gestation. We sought to examine the level of adherence to the GBS screening guidelines and estimate the prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women. Although in Greece the screening-based strategy is followed, we also examined known EOD risk factors and linked them to GBS colonization. A cross-sectional study of 604 women postpartum in three hospitals and maternity clinics was conducted. Following written informed consent, data were collected via a short self-completed questionnaire and review of patients’ records. In 34.6% of the enrolled pregnant women, no culture had been taken. Of the remaining, 12.8% had proper vaginal-rectal sample collections. The overall maternal colonization rate was 9.6%. At least one risk factor for EOD was identified in 12.6% of participants. The presence of risk factors was associated with positive cultures (p = 0.014). The rate of culture collection did not differ between women with or without an EOD risk factor. Adherence to a universal screening of pregnant women with vaginal-rectal cultures was poor. Despite probable underestimation of GBS carrier status, almost 1 in 10 participants were GBS positive during pregnancy. Screening of women with risk factors for EOD should, at least, be prioritized to achieve prevention and prompt intervention of EOD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of group B streptococcus among pregnant women and newborns at Hawassa University comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Mohammed Ali ◽  
Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel ◽  
Daniel Asrat Woldetsadik ◽  
Tolossa Eticha Chaka ◽  
Demissie Assegu Fenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hawassa University

Rectovaginal group B streptococcus colonization among pregnant women in Nicaragua: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nadja A. Vielot ◽  
Christian E. Toval-Ruíz ◽  
Rachel Palmieri Weber ◽  
Sylvia Becker-Dreps ◽  
Teresa de Jesús Alemán Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Group B

Optimal timing of ampicillin administration to pregnant women for establishing bactericidal levels in the prophylaxis of Group B Streptococcus

2006 ◽  
Vol 194 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Colombo ◽  
Jennifer L. Lew ◽  
Craig A. Pedersen ◽  
Jeffrey R. Johnson ◽  
Patty Fan-Havard
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Group B streptococcus colonization of pregnant women and their children observed on obstetric and neonatal wards of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Strus ◽  
Dorota Pawlik ◽  
Monika Brzychczy-Włoch ◽  
Tomasz Gosiewski ◽  
Krzysztof Rytlewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Group B ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy

The study was arranged to assess the actual rates of colonization of pregnant women and their children with group B streptococcus (GBS) in a Polish university hospital. Resistance of these cocci to macrolides and clindamycin was also tested and routes of transmission of GBS were followed in some cases using molecular typing. Colonization with GBS was checked in 340 pregnant women living in the south-eastern region of Poland (Małopolska) in the years 2004–2006. Women with a complicated pregnancy were more often colonized than those with a normal pregnancy (20.0 % versus 17.2 %). Moreover, women with a complicated pregnancy were twice as often colonized with GBS strains with the MLSB phenotype indicating resistance to macrolides and clindamycin. Regarding neonatal colonization by GBS, we found that neonates born from the colonized mothers with a complicated pregnancy were more often colonized with GBS than those from the mothers with a normal pregnancy (35 % versus 26.7 %). By molecular typing of the GBS strains isolated from mothers and their newborns we have been able to suggest the possibility of horizontal transmission of the strains from the hospital environment to newborns. Our results clearly indicate that rates of GBS colonization among pregnant women and neonates in a Polish university hospital have reached levels comparable to those reported in other European clinical centres.

scholarly journals Genomic and phenotypic characterisation of invasive neonatal and colonising group B Streptococcus isolates from Slovenia, 2001–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Perme ◽  
Daniel Golparian ◽  
Maja Bombek Ihan ◽  
Andrej Rojnik ◽  
Miha Lučovnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Neonatal Disease ◽  
Phenotypic Characterisation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of invasive neonatal disease in the industrialized world. We aimed to genomically and phenotypically characterise invasive GBS isolates in Slovenia from 2001 to 2018 and contemporary colonising GBS isolates from screening cultures in 2018. Methods GBS isolates from 101 patients (invasive isolates) and 70 pregnant women (colonising isolates) were analysed. Basic clinical characteristics of the patients were collected from medical records. Antimicrobial susceptibility and phenotypic capsular serotype were determined. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to assign multilocus sequence types (STs), clonal complexes (CCs), pathogenicity/virulence factors, including capsular genotypes, and genome-based phylogeny. Results Among invasive neonatal disease patients, 42.6% (n = 43) were females, 41.5% (n = 39/94) were from preterm deliveries (< 37 weeks gestation), and 41.6% (n = 42) had early-onset disease (EOD). All isolates were susceptible to benzylpenicillin with low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs; ≤0.125 mg/L). Overall, 7 serotypes were identified (Ia, Ib, II-V and VIII); serotype III being the most prevalent (59.6%). Twenty-eight MLST STs were detected that clustered into 6 CCs. CC-17 was the most common CC overall (53.2%), as well as among invasive (67.3%) and non-invasive (32.9%) isolates (p < 0.001). CC-17 was more common among patients with late-onset disease (LOD) (81.4%) compared to EOD (47.6%) (p < 0.001). The prevalence of other CCs was 12.9% (CC-23), 11.1% (CC-12), 10.5% (CC-1), 8.2% (CC-19), and 1.8% (CC-498). Of all isolates, 2.3% were singletons. Conclusions A high prevalence of hypervirulent CC-17 isolates, with low genomic diversity and characteristic profile of pathogenicity/virulence factors, was detected among invasive neonatal and colonising GBS isolates from pregnant women in Slovenia. This is the first genomic characterisation of GBS isolates in Slovenia and provides valuable microbiological and genomic baseline data regarding the invasive and colonising GBS population nationally. Continuous genomic surveillance of GBS infections is crucial to analyse the impact of IND prevention strategies on the population structure of GBS locally, nationally, and internationally.

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