scholarly journals Frequency of Arthropods Daily Visits on Centella asiatica L. and Synedrlla nodiflora (L) Gaertn in the Wonosari Singosari Tea Plantation Area in Malang Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Dora Dayu Rahma Turista ◽  
Fatchur Rohman ◽  
Bagyo Yanuwiadi
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Duration Data ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

The purpose of this research is to find the temporal distribution pattern of the visiting of Arthropods on these wild plants. This descriptive and explorative research was carried out in the Wonosari tea plantation, Singosari, Malang in March 2011. The visual control method for these purposes was adopted from the modification of the visual control method developed by Frei and Manhart (1992). Observations were done with 10 repeats, consisting of 10 tempos with 15 minutes duration. Data relating to the temporal distribution of Arthropods on these wild plants were presented as diagrams and interpreted descriptively. The result of this research can be described as follows: There was a difference between the temporal distribution of Arthropod visiting the wild plants Centella asiatica L. and Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn. For the Centella asiatica L the highest visitor number was at 10.00 am while for the wild plant Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn it was at 11.20 am.

scholarly journals EFEK PERPADUAN BEBERAPA TUMBUHAN LIAR DI SEKITAR AREA PERTANAMAN PADI DALAM MENARIK ARTHROPODA MUSUH ALAMI DAN HAMA

el–Hayah ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu’aili Addina
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
The Family

<em>This study aims to determine the interest Arthropoda against some wild mix consisting of Chromolaena odorata, Bidens pilosa., Echinochloa Cruss-galli, and Pistia stratiotes. This research is a semi experimental parameters observed were differences in the abundance of arthropods in each observation plot good plot consisting of some combination of wild plants (block refugia) and plot a block away from refugia based on spatial and temporal distribution. Observations using the "visual control" developed Freie and Manhart (1992). Achieved 9 order Arthropoda consists of 32 families were recorded visiting a mix of wild plants, the Coccinellidae, Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Coenagrionidae, Libellulidae, Tettigonidae, Gryllidae, Acrididae, Mantidae, Syrphidae, Drosophilidae, Tipulidae, Formicidae, Vespidae, Sphecidae, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, Pyralidae, Papilionidae, Noctuidae, Nymphalidae, Alydidae, Pentatomidae, Reduviidae, Cicadellidae, Delphacidae, Flatidae, Tetragnathidae, and Oxyopidae. The mean abundance was highest in plots dominated by observation block refugia of the family Coccinellidae arthropods that act as natural enemies with a mean abundance reached 29 individuals per day. While the family Reduviidae which acts as a pest has the lowest with a mean abundance value of 1 individual per day. The analysis shows there are 6 families Arthropod natural enemies and pests that show distribution patterns are influenced by the presence of a mix of wild plants (the spatial distribution pattern) and different observation time (temporal distribution pattern), from the family Coccinellidae, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, Acrididdae, Drosophilidae and Coreidae with a P value &lt;0.05.</em>

scholarly journals Shoot Multiplication and Callus Induction of Labisia pumila var. alata as Influenced by Different Plant Growth Regulators Treatments and Its Polyphenolic Activities Compared with the Wild Plant

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3229
Author(s):  
Mat Yunus Najhah ◽  
Hawa Z. E. Jaafar ◽  
Jaafar Juju Nakasha ◽  
Mansor Hakiman
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets

This study aims to investigate whether the in vitro-cultured L. pumila var. alata has higher antioxidant activity than its wild plant. An 8-week-old L. pumila var. alata nodal segment and leaf explants were cultured onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various cytokinins (zeatin, kinetin, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP)) for shoot multiplication and auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and picloram) for callus induction, respectively. The results showed that 2 mg/L zeatin produced the optimal results for shoot and leaf development, and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D produced the highest callus induction results (60%). After this, 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D was combined with 0.25 mg/L cytokinins and supplemented to the MS medium. The optimal results for callus induction (100%) with yellowish to greenish and compact texture were obtained using 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D combined with 0.25 mg/L zeatin. Leaves obtained from in vitro plantlets and wild plants as well as callus were extracted and analyzed for their antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP methods) and polyphenolic properties (total flavonoid and total phenolic content). When compared with leaf extracts of in vitro plantlets and wild plants of L. pumila var. alata, the callus extract displayed significantly higher antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid content. Hence, callus culture potentially can be adapted for antioxidant and polyphenolic production to satisfy pharmaceutical and nutraceutical needs while conserving wild L. pumila var. alata.

scholarly journals Influence of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Two Terrestrial Wild Plant Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Daniel Lizzi ◽  
Alessandro Mattiello ◽  
Alessio Adamiano ◽  
Guido Fellet ◽  
Emanuele Gava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Most current studies on the relationships between plans and engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are focused on food crops, while the effects on spontaneous plants have been neglected so far. However, from an ecological perspective, the ENMs impacts on the wild plants could have dire consequences on food webs and ecosystem services. Therefore, they should not be considered less critical. A pot trial was carried out in greenhouse conditions to evaluate the growth of Holcus lanatus L. (monocot) and Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. DC. (dicot) exposed to cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2). Plants were grown for their entire cycle in a substrate amended with 200 mg kg−1nCeO2 having the size of 25 nm and 50 nm, respectively. nCeO2 were taken up by plant roots and then translocated towards leaf tissues of both species. However, the mean size of nCeO2 found in the roots of the species was different. In D. tenuifolia, there was evidence of more significant particle aggregation compared to H. lanatus. Further, biomass variables (dry weight of plant fractions and leaf area) showed that plant species responded differently to the treatments. In the experimental conditions, there were recorded stimulating effects on plant growth. However, nutritional imbalances for macro and micronutrients were observed, as well.

scholarly journals Diversity of wild edible plants traditionally used by the Galo tribe of Indian Eastern Himalayan state of Arunachal Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Padma Raj Gajurel ◽  
Tajum Doni
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Wild Edible Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Edible Plant

Wild edible plants are found very useful in the fulfilment of food and nutritional requirements. Because of the availibity and cultural preference, the consumption of these plants among the tribes is high. To find out the diversity, utilisation pattern and sociocultural importance of the wild plants, a study was conducted in the state of Arunachal Pradesh selecting the Galo tribe, and accordingly the wild edible plants consumed are documented here. Data were collected through extensive field surveys and interviews with the community in the selected 12 villages in Upper Subansiri and West Siang districts of Arunachal Pradesh. Overall, 125 wild edible plant species under 99 genera and 54 families are reported. These species are consumed mostly as leafy vegetables, fruits, medicine, spices and condiments and as a substitute to food grains. The Urticaceae with ten species is the most utilised family followed by Asteraceae, Moraceae and Lamiaceae with at least five species in each. Herbs with 47 species were found to be the most dominant growth form followed by trees with 44 species. Based on parts used leaves with 66 species were recorded to be the most used plant parts followed by fruits. The highest edibility index of 50 % was reported in Solanum americanum. The analysis of relative frequency of citation revealed that total 78 species exhibits more than 0.50 relative frequency of citation value with highest value in Pouzolzia hirta (0.95). It has been found that the wild plant resources play a vital role in the socio-economic aspects of the Galo tribe.

scholarly journals Temporal Distribution of Gastropods In Rocky Intertidal Area In North Manokwari, West Papua

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dandi Saleky ◽  
Simon P.O Leatemia ◽  
Yuanike Yuanike ◽  
Irman Rumengan ◽  
I Nyoman Giri Putra
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Population History ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Intertidal Area ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
West Papua

Gastropods is an important organism that commonly found inhabiting the rocky intertidal area. Distribution pattern of this species is influenced by various factors such as population history, microhabitat, predation and a complex interactions between oceanographic dynamics and ecological features. This study aims to compare the temporal distribution pattern of gastropods at two different rocky intertidal area. This research was conducted at the rocky intertidal area of Amban and Nuni, North Manokwari District, West Papua. Data collection was performed during the daylight and night in April and June 2012 using systematic sampling method. The results showed that both physical and chemical factors are suite for supporting gastropods life. Furthermore, these factors seem to have an impact on gastropod zoning patterns observed in the study area. The similarity index values ​​indicate that the similarity of gastropod species between the two locations is low, which means that the species of gastropods found in each location is quite different. The community structure of gastropod at the study area is stable. In addition, we found that the gastropods diversity were higher during the night than the daylight because gastropods are classified as a nocturnal animals. Key Words: Gastropod; Rocky Intertidal; Community Structure; Nocturnal

scholarly journals Geostatistical modeling of “lethal coconut palm crown atrophy”, a new disease in the State of Pará

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3603-3616
Author(s):  
Adriano da Silva Gama ◽  
◽  
Paulo Roberto Silva Farias ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spherical Model ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Data Variability ◽  
Range Vector ◽  
Spatial Estimates ◽  
Spreading Disease ◽  
Kriging Maps

’Lethal Coconut Palm Crown Atrophy’ (LCCA) is a rapidly spreading disease in Brazil, capable of quickly killing coconut trees and threatening the commercial exploration of this plant. The objective of this work was to characterize the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of LCCA in green dwarf coconut commercial plantation areas, located the municipality of Santa Izabel, mesoregion of Northeastern Pará, Brazil. Surveys were carried out at monthly intervals between January 2014 and December 2018, checking for plants with LCCA-characteristic symptoms. Geostatistics was applied to perform spatial-temporal disease estimates based on semivariogram modeling and preparation of ordinary kriging maps. These spatial estimates are conducted through interpolations that characterize data variability in the area. The spherical model yielded the best fit to the spatial distribution of the disease, as it presented the best coefficient of determination (R²), with the range varying between 14m and 45m. The Spatial Dependence Index (SDI) was moderate in the evaluations carried out between 2014 and 2017 (in the 0.26-0.64 range), but not in 2018, when it was strong (0.23). The values of the clustering intensity of LCCA-symptomatic plants were estimated in non-sampled points. The spherical fit model of the data indicates an aggregated distribution pattern, shown by aggregation patches in the plantation, graded by values of dissemination intensity. The kriging maps allowed the observation that the disease expands between plants in the same line, suggesting the possibility of the presence of a short-range vector.

scholarly journals Diversitas Tumbuhan Liar Pada Lahan Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Bungbungan Kecamatan Bluto Kabupaten Sumenep

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Khoiratul Hasanah ◽  
Ari Hayati ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Wild plants are plants whose presence on agricultural land can reduce crop yields. Losses due to wild plants to cultivated plants vary depending on the type of plant cultivated, climate, species of wild plants and technical cultivation applied. This study aims to determine the diversity of wild plants in the land of maize (Zea mays L.) in Bung-bungan Village Bluto District Sumenep Regency. This method uses a descriptive exploratory method, for each wild plant found in ± 3600 m2 of corn land. Sampling of wild plants using a 4x4 m plot method. The measured data includes the number of species and the number of individuals calculating important values ​​and diversity indices. The results of the study showed that the Shannon-Wienner Diversity Index analysis of the highest value in maize plants in plantations was found in land II, which was 2.678 indicating moderate diversity, categorized as moderate because there were not too many wild plants on maize.  Keywords: Corn, diversity, wild plants,  ABSTRAK Tumbuhan liar merupakan tumbuhan yang kehadirannya pada lahan pertanian dapat menurunkan hasil tanaman. Kerugian akibat tumbuhan  liar terhadap tanaman budidaya beragam bergantung dari jenis tanaman yang diusahakan, iklim, jenis tumbuhan  liar dan teknis budidaya yang diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diversitas tumbuhan liar di lahan jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Bung-bungan Kecamatan Bluto Kabupaten Sumenep. Metode ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif, terhadap setiap tumbuhan liar yang ditemukan pada lahan jagung seluas ±3600 m2. Pengambilan sampel tumbuhan liar menggunakan metode plot berukuran 4x4 m. Data yang diukur meliputi jumlah spesies dan jumlah individu menghitung nilai penting dan indeks diversitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner tumbuhan liar nilai tertinggi pada tanaman jagung di lkebun terdapat pada lahan II yaitu 2,678 menunjukkan keanekaragaman sedang, di kategorikan sedang karena jenis tanaman liar yang ada pada lahan jagung tidak terlalu banyak. Kata kunci: Jagung, Diversitas, Tanaman liar

scholarly journals Methodological Guidelines for Accurate Detection of Viruses in Wild Plant Species

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1966-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Lacroix ◽  
Kurra Renner ◽  
Ellen Cole ◽  
Eric W. Seabloom ◽  
Elizabeth T. Borer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Methodological Guidelines ◽  
Wild Hosts

ABSTRACTEcological understanding of disease risk, emergence, and dynamics and of the efficacy of control strategies relies heavily on efficient tools for microorganism identification and characterization. Misdetection, such as the misclassification of infected hosts as healthy, can strongly bias estimates of disease prevalence and lead to inaccurate conclusions. In natural plant ecosystems, interest in assessing microbial dynamics is increasing exponentially, but guidelines for detection of microorganisms in wild plants remain limited, particularly so for plant viruses. To address this gap, we explored issues and solutions associated with virus detection by serological and molecular methods in noncrop plant species as applied to the globally importantBarley yellow dwarf virusPAV (Luteoviridae), which infects wild native plants as well as crops. With enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), we demonstrate how virus detection in a perennial wild plant species may be much greater in stems than in leaves, although leaves are most commonly sampled, and may also vary among tillers within an individual, thereby highlighting the importance of designing effective sampling strategies. With reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), we demonstrate how inhibitors in tissues of perennial wild hosts can suppress virus detection but can be overcome with methods and products that improve isolation and amplification of nucleic acids. These examples demonstrate the paramount importance of testing and validating survey designs and virus detection methods for noncrop plant communities to ensure accurate ecological surveys and reliable assumptions about virus dynamics in wild hosts.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Prebiotic Activity of Selected Edible Wild Plant Extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Poloko Stephen Kheoane ◽  
Clemence Tarirai ◽  
Tendekayi Henry Gadaga ◽  
Carmen Leonard ◽  
Richard Nyanzi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Edible Wild Plant ◽  
Edible Wild Plants ◽  
Total Dietary Fibre

Edible wild plants were investigated as potential sources of antioxidants and prebiotics to benefit human health. Antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid and total dietary fibre contents were determined in edible wild plants from Lesotho, Swaziland and South Africa. Pure probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis (ATCC 25527), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (TUTBFD) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (ATCC 314) were cultured in broth containing edible wild plant extracts to assess their prebiotic activity. Cyperus esculantus had the highest arscobic acid content of 603±64.1 mg/100 g edible dry plant material followed by Rosa rubiginosa (500.8±48.8 mg/100 g). The two plants had IC50 of 10.7±0.2 µg/mL and 47.8±0.2 µg/mL for DPPH inhibition, respectively. Forty percent (40%) (n=30) of the edible wild plants had significant (p<0.01) total antioxidant activity (IC50<60 µg/mL) and high ascorbic acid content (>200 mg/100 g). Nasturtium officinale reported the highest yield for soluble fibre (25%) while Hypoxis hirsute had the highest total dietary fibre content (7.3%). Rorippa nudiuscula enhanced the growth of B. animalis significantly (p=0.001), 8-fold more than inulin. Chenopodium album and Urtica dioica stimulated the growth of L. rhamnosus significantly (p=0.0001) than inulin, respectfully, while Tragopogon porrifolius significantly (p=0.0001) stimulated the growth of L. acidophilus than inulin. It was concluded that the investigated edible wild plants from southern Africa have antioxidant and prebiotic properties that may be beneficial to human health.

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