scholarly journals THE QUR’ANIC PERSPECTIVE ON THE ROLE OF EL-KALB IN GENERATING SOCIAL (IN)COHESION

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Muamer Neimarlija
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
General Benefit

Since humans are essentially social beings a stimulating social environment is crucial for human development. On the other hand, anything that promotes social distance, conflict, or facilitates social disintegration can be treated as a disruptive variable in the context of overall human development. The events the 21st century civilization witnesses point to the threat of the accelerated disintegration of the local and global social fabric. Multiple addictions, an increase in suicides, marital disfunction, tensions between an individual and the community, racism and xenophobia, insensitivity to the difficulties of the other and the different, terrorism, the continuity of wars, are just some examples of social alienation and growing existential nonsense, to which even the most developed countries have not shown resistance. The tendency of intensifying social incohesion imposes the requirement for seeking an appropriate scientific answer to the question of which constitutive element of the human being and under which circumstances has primacy in the genesis of social (in)cohesion. In this sense, one of the insufficiently researched factors of social (in)cohesion is al-kalb, an unavoidable agent within the general benefit-harm relationship from the point of view of the constitutive sources of Islam. The aim of this paper is to elaborate on and promote the socio-cohesive potential of al-kalb, the explication of which rests primarily on the intra-Qur'anic relations. Such a goal required interpretation of reference ayats, further strengthened by relevant insights from certain areas of modern science. The research findings confirm that al-kalb, as the primary organ of human being, is the initial and most important factor of social (dis)integration and (dis)harmony. For the purposes of this paper, a methodological approach, based on a combination of traditional and rational tafsir and the application of the thematic tafsir method, was used (Halilović, 2015).

Assessment and analysis of efficiency system management by innovative factors for sustainable development of national economy from the position satisfaction of vital interests population in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Оксана Василівна Бондар-Підгурська ◽  
Алла Олександрівна Глєбова
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
System Management ◽  
Stage Of Development

The scientific and methodological approach to the evaluation and analysis of the efficiency of system management by innovation factors for sustainable development of national economy from the point of view satisfaction vital interest’s population is developed. This is the calculation of the modernized index human development based on the adjective model based on 26 indicators (social, economic and environmental subsystems), as well as using the methods of the main components and the slip matrix. The resultant value is the modernized Human Development Index (MHDІ) of Ukraine. The architectonics MHDІ of Ukraine in 2007–2017 from the position of sub-indices of the ecological, social and economic subsystems is analyzed. Consequently, the scientific and methodological approach based on the MHDI change allows us to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the work and public administration bodies in the context of making managerial decisions regarding the satisfaction of the vital interest’s population. MHDI considers the main regulated parameter of the system management in the innovation factors of sustainable development in socially oriented economy. The tendency of steady decline MHDI of Ukraine in 2007–2017 on 53.45 % was confirmed, which confirms inefficient state regulation of crisis situations in Ukraine. In order to increase the efficiency management of innovative factors by sustainable development of the national economy, from the standpoint of satisfaction vital interest’s population, it is proposed to intensify the use of public debt and savings bonds, market and non-market methods of relief and debt load. This is due to the fact that at the current stage of development in the national economy, public external debt is one of the most significant indicators of the state economy. It is at the same time a criterion for the effectiveness of public financial policy, as well as a threat and opportunity for the Ukrainian economy. In order to optimize its size, various methods, approaches, tools are used. Based on the analysis of world experience, it has been established that the securities market, in particular debt securities, plays a strategic role in regulating this issue. Therefore, it makes sense to recommend government debt bonds and government savings bonds to optimize the amount of external public debt.

The confrontation between essence and existence in Plato and Aristotle’s ideas in art

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Ramin Keshavarz ◽  
Moheb Ali Absalan
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Art World ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Art Philosophy ◽  
Theory Of Forms

Plato by proposing the "theory of forms" changed the essence of truth and he converted it from sensorial case to extrasensory. As a result, he disparaged art and beauty that they were depended with world of phenomena and senses. He considered idea’s position in the sphere of institute and episteme and placed sensorial case, "Doxa" and "Eikon" as base of art that from his point of view is not world of "to be" and "not to be", but its world of representation and as a result he interpreted art world and it’s product as a false phenomena. He claimed that art relates with revealed component of ego that causes irreparable ruin for human being and has relationship with "Episteme". In the other hand, Aristotle unlike Plato believed in art and existence originality and considered art as a result of human’s episteme and rationality. He introduced adequacy, cognition natural talent as three principle of art. He claimed art and science deal with episteme and knowledge and they are common at the end. But what is Plato and Aristotle disagreement in sphere of art and from where it originates? And which cases are not similar in the sphere of art? The following essay will explain Plato and Aristotle’s art philosophy and comparing and explaining their ideas with relating existence originality and essence originality.  

Lag as moderator meta-analysis: A methodological approach for synthesizing longitudinal data

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel A. Card
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

Longitudinal data are common and essential to understanding human development. This paper introduces an approach to synthesizing longitudinal research findings called lag as moderator meta-analysis (LAMMA). This approach capitalizes on between-study variability in time lags studied in order to identify the impact of lag on estimates of stability and longitudinal prediction. The paper introduces linear, nonlinear, and mixed-effects approaches to LAMMA, and presents an illustrative example (with syntax and annotated output available as online Supplementary Materials). Several extensions of the basic LAMMA are considered, including artifact correction, multiple effect sizes from studies, and incorporating age as a predictor. It is hoped that LAMMA provides a framework for synthesizing longitudinal data to promote greater accumulation of knowledge in developmental science.

scholarly journals The Dreamer and Their Authenticity in the Zhuangzi

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Barbara Aniela Bonar
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Structural Process ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Psychoanalytic Perspective ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Stages

In this paper, I explain the problem of the dreamer in the Zhuangzi. I aim to show that no difference exists between dreaming states and waking states because we have a fluctual relationship with these two stages. In both, “we are dreaming.” Put another way, from a psychoanalytical point of view, one stage penetrates the other and vice versa. The difference between dreaming and non-dreaming disappears because dreaming is a structural process. Also, from a psychoanalytical perspective, all confirmations and negations about dreams and non-dreams leads to one point: the being, or rather the becoming, of the subject. How does this solve the problem of the True Person/True Human Being (zhenren真人)? Does such a person have dreams or not? Does the True Person sleep without dreams, as we find in the Zhuangzi? From a psychoanalytic perspective, this is not possible. To prove this, I will present few passages from the Zhuangzi and offer a psychoanalytic explanation of them based on Jacques Lacan’s theory of the fantasy and desire.

Comparing the incomparable and legal discourse

Semiotica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (209) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Augusto Ponzio
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Law

AbstractIt is not with the State that personal responsibility arises towards the other. According to Emmanuel Levinas, the other is every single human being I am responsible for, and I am this responsibility for him. The other, my fellow, is the first comer. But I do not live in a world with just one single “first comer”; there is always another other, a third, who is also my other, my fellow. Otherness, beginning with this third, is a plurality. Proximity as responsibility is a plurality. There is a need for justice. There is the obligation to compare unique and incomparable others. This is what is hidden, unsaid, implied in legal discourse. But recourse to comparison among that which cannot be compared, among that which is incomparable is justified by love of justice for the other. It is this justification that confers a sense to law, which is always dura lex, and to the statement that citizens are equal before the law. From this point of view, State justice is always imperfect with respect to human rights understood as the rights of the other, of every other in his absolute difference, in his incomparable otherness.

See / Witness and the ‘setting-subject construction’

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-301
Author(s):  
Christelle Lacassain-Lagoin
Keyword(s):  
Human Subject ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Cognitive Schemas ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Grammatical Subject ◽  
Perception Verbs

Abstract Perception verbs prototypically occur with a grammatical subject NP referring to a person. However, see and witness also license an inanimate grammatical subject, more precisely a spatial or temporal setting, in a “setting-subject construction” (Langacker 1991, 2008). The present study addresses this kind of variation, and demonstrates how the two alternate constructions reveal shifts from an egocentric perspective to an anthropocentric perspective. It sets out to accomplish three main goals: first, to establish whether each construction aligns perfectly with one particular perspective; second, to identify the semantic and syntactic characteristics of setting-subject constructions and explain how an inanimate subject NP can be favored over a human subject NP; third, to determine what can motivate speakers’ choices between the two alternate constructions licensed by see and witness. To achieve this, a qualitative, corpus-based analysis is carried out, which helps to understand to what extent the grammatical coding embodies a specific way of viewing the scene. First, the cognitive theoretical concepts (e.g., the Extended Animacy Hierarchy (Croft, 2003), egocentric and canonical viewing arrangements, cognitive schemas and models) that are helpful for the proper characterization of the two structures are presented, as well as the methodology employed to collect data for the present study. I then focus on prototypical, human subject NP constructions which reveal either an egocentric or an anthropocentric point of view of the scene. Finally, setting-subject constructions are addressed: not only are the characteristics of such structures highlighted but also the parameters and factors that contribute to their occurrence are identified. The study shows that such constructions convey the conceptualizer’s assessment of a situation, as the viewing relationship is construed subjectively. A setting-subject construction thus reveals a perspective that indirectly turns out to be more anthropocentric than ‘setting-centric’, as the inanimate locative subject, ranking at the bottom of the Animacy hierarchy, winds up alluding to any possible human being, including the speaker, the addressee and the Other.

scholarly journals Epiphany and Otherness in the Vision of Father André Scrima

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-457
Author(s):  
Dragoş Boicu
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Ethical Argument ◽  
Authentic Relationship ◽  
God's Grace

Abstract Father André Scrima emphasized in his works the unanimous and universal duty of discovering the necessity of otherness or alterity as the exigency of our own path to God. He often spoke of the encounter and “askesis of the dialogue” that consists of the effort to open completely and without reserve to the other. From this point of view, we could consider André Scrima the visionary who intermediates the unveiling and the Revelation that, regardless of confession and religion, every human being has the chance to develop an authentic relationship with the divinity. Also, he advocates an indispensable condition or the most basic ethical argument required to get closer to God, namely recognizing the universal quality of all humankind as equally capable to be vessels of God’s grace, and hence they should be appreciated as such.

scholarly journals Kritik Atas Modernitas Dalam Novel Bilangan Fu Karya Ayu Utami

ATAVISME ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Bramantio Bramantio
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Tzvetan Todorov ◽  
The Universe

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kritik atas modernitas dalam novel Bilangan Fu karya Ayu Utami. Dengan memanfaatkan naratologi Tzvetan Todorov, dapat dipahami aspek verbal Bilangan Fu, yaitu sudut pandang, pencerita, dan tuturannya. Berdasarkan penceritaannya, novel ini merupakan novel polifonik, karnivalistik, sekaligus metafiksi. Berdasarkan kontennya, novel ini menghadirkan sejumlah kritik atas modernitas, khususnya berkaitan dengan semangat modernitas yang cenderung melihat segala sesuatu secara monodimensional, hanya ada satu kebenaran, dan liyan diabaikan. Bilangan Fu merupakan novel yang merefleksikan zamannya. Novel ini berhasil menyegarkan cara pandang masyarakat Indonesia, atau setidaknya menghadirkan sesuatu untuk dipikirkan dan dipertimbangkan kembali, berkaitan dengan diri, lingkungan, dan semesta raya. Novel ini mengembalikan manusia ke hakikatnya, yaitu kemanusiaan. Abstract: This article aims to reveal criticism on modernity in Ayu Utami’s novel Bilangan Fu. Tzvetan Todorov’s theory of narrative provided a framework to understand the novel’s verbal aspects, which are point of view, narrator, dan its voice. Based on its narrative, this novel is polyphonic, carnivalistic, and metafictional. Based on its content, it presents criticism on modernity, particularly on spirit of modernity that tends to see everything in monodimensional; there is only one truth, and the other is ignored. Bilangan Fu is a novel that reflects its time. It successfully refreshes the perspective of Indonesian society, or at least brings something to think about, related to the self, environment, and the universe. In the end, it brings back human being to their core, their humanity. Key Words: novel; point of view; narrator; criticism; modernity

scholarly journals GRAMSCI, ESCOLA UNITÁRIA E A FORMAÇÃO HUMANA

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Eliesér Toretta Zen ◽  
Douglas Christian Ferrari de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Antonio Gramsci ◽  
Human Formation ◽  
Theoretical Conception ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
Educational Principle

O artigo tem como escopo refletir, do ponto de vista teórico, sobre a formação humana a partir da vida e obra do pensador italiano, Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937). Nesse sentido, objetiva abordar algumas categorias filosóficas de sua práxis político-pedagógica, entre elas, escola unitária, hegemonia e onilateralidade, como expressões de uma concepção teórica e política de um projeto socialista de sociedade e de ser humano. Nessa perspectiva, a escola unitária, ao integrar de forma dialética trabalho manual e intelectual, a dimensão técnica e política, autonomia intelectual e moral, conforma-se em princípio educativo do processo de formação humana. E, por fim, inaugura um autêntico humanismo em que o ser humano é compreendido como o conjunto das relações sociais, um ser concreto e histórico, um devir humano-social.Palavras-chave: Gramsci. Escola unitária. Formação humana. GRAMSCI, UNITARY SCHOOL AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Abstract: The scope of this article is to reflect from the theoretical point of view about the human formation on the basis of Antonio Gramsci's life and work (1891-1937). In this way, this text  aims to address some philosophical categories of this Italian thinker's  political and pedagogical praxis, such as Unitarian school,  hegemony and  omnilaterality. These expressions are instruments to build a political and theoretical conception of a socialist project of society and human being. On this perspective, the unitarian school, by integrating in a dialectic way the manual and intelectual job, the technical and political dimensions, the moral and intelectual autonomy, conforms it, in an educational principle of human's formation process. And finally, he inaugurates a authentic humanism in which human being is understood as a group of social relations, a be concrete and historical, a becoming social and human.Keywords: Gramsci. Unitarian school. Human Formation. GRAMSCI, ESCUELA UNITÁRIA Y FORMACIÓN HUMANAResumen: El artículo tiene como alcance reflejar desde el punto de vista teórico de la formación humana de la vida y el trabajo del pensador italiano Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937). En este sentido, tiene como objetivo hacer frente a algunas categorías filosóficas de su praxis político-pedagógica, entre ellos, la escuela unitaria, hegemonía y onilateralidade, como expresión de una concepción teórica y política de un proyecto socialista de la sociedad y del ser humano. Desde esta perspectiva, la escuela unitaria, mediante la integración del trabajo manual e intelectual dialécticamente, la dimensión técnica y política, autonomía intelectual y moral, se ajusta en principio educativo del proceso de desarrollo humano. Por último, inaugura un auténtico humanismo en el que el ser humano se entiende como un conjunto de relaciones sociales, un ser concreto y de la historia, convirtiéndose en un ser humano-social.Palabras clave: Gramsci. Escuela de unidad. Formación humana.   

scholarly journals FILSAFAT MANUSIA MENURUT MUHAMMADIYAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Tabah Sulistyono
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
Camera View

This thesis is aim to observe human philosophical system in Muhammadiyah thought. The object being discussed in this research are the teories which discussed the essense of human being and the possition of philosopical human-being in Muhammadiyah. The main sourses are KH. Ahmad Dahlan`s thought and Muhammadiyah ideology and steps. The other supportiy sourches are the consideration of activist in otonom organization who uses the name of Muhammadiyah or the researcher outsider of Muhammadiyah.This research uses qualitative-rasionalistic paradigma.This kind of research based on its range is religius research. Based on its type is explorative research. It uses philosophical research. The researcher observes the data by the steps of follows: first, observius the datas philosophycally,e.g. ontology, epistemology and axiology. Second, observity datas philosophically though verstehen (understanding) method such as, symbolic step, interpreting and digging step, constructive step or symbolic of life. Third, the result of verstehen is presented by expressing and explaining method.The human philosophycal ontology discussion in Muhammadiyah thought textually is only to understand one point of view of leaning personal and camera-view. Human philosophical epistemology in Muhammadiyah thingking. The are two methods to understand human-being, by purifity the heart by remembering of Allah, sholat and the thinking about heveafter purily. Third,human philosophical axsiology in Muhammadiyah which involes unity, believes, oven-minded, propetis-humanis, responsibility, and religiousity. Obviously, there are two models of human according to Muhammadiyah e.g. enlightened human (rausyan-fikr-Muhammadiyah) and monodualis or monodualist-Muhammadiyah. The concept of human philosophies in Muhammadiyah is existentialist-idealist. The Muhammadiyah is the man who are thinking for act or the man who just act in worship.   Tujuan tesis ini adalah mencari konsep filsafat manusia dalam pemikiran Muhammadiyah. Persoalan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah teori-teori yang membahas esensi manusia dan kedudukan filsafat manusia dalam pemikiran Muhammadiyah. Sumber utamanya adalah pemikiran KH. Ahmad Dahlan, ideologi dan langkah Muhammadiyah. Sedangkan sumber pendukungnya adalah pemikiran aktifis ortom yang mengunakan nama Muhammadiyah atau para peneliti outsider Muhammadiyah. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kualitatif-rasionalitik. Jenis penelitian ini berdasarkan ruang lingkupnya termasuk penelitian keagamaan, berdasarkan tipe penelitian, termasuk penelitian eksploratif, dan menggunakan pendekatan filsafat. Peneliti mengalisa data menggunakan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: pertama, menganalisa data dengan filsafat ilmu, yaitu ontologi, epistemologi dan aksiologi. Kedua, menganalisa secara filosofis data-data tersebut dengan metode verstehen (pemahaman), yaitu tahap simbolik, tahap pemaknaan atau penggalian, tahap kontruktif atau kehidupan simbol dan tahap interpretasi. Ketiga, hasil dari verstehen disajikan dengan metode pengungkapan atau metode penerangan. Kajian ontologi filsafat manusia dalam pemikiran Muhammadiyah secara tekstual hanya memahami dari salah satu sudut atau meminjam Leaming personal and camera view. Kedua, epistemologi filsafat manusia dalam pemikiran diri Muhammadiyah. Ada dua cara atau jalan untuk memahami diri manusia, yaitu dengan penyucian hati dengan cara dzikrullah, sholat dan memikirkan tragedi kedasyatan akhirat serta dengan tafakkur (berfikir sejernih-jernihnya). Ketiga, aksiologi filsafat manusia dalam pemikiran diri Muhammadiyah. Produknya adalah sifat-sifat humanitas yang meliputi persatuan, amanah atau kepercayaan, keterbukaan, propetis-humanis,  tanggungjawab, dan nilai religiuitas. Setidaknya ada dua model manusia secara nyata menurut Muhammadiyah, yaitu model manusia tercerahkan atau rausyan-fikr-Muhammmadiyah dan model manusia monodualis atau monodualis-Muhammadiyah. Paham atau aliran filsafat manusia dalam Muhammadiyah adalah eksistensialis-idealis. Realnya adalah manusia yang hanya berfikir untuk beramal atau manusia yang hanya beramal saja yang disebut manusia Muhammadiyah. 

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