Applied History in the Netherlands and Flanders

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-57
Author(s):  
Violet Soen ◽  
Bram De Ridder

This contribution shifts the debate on ‘applied history’ from the archetypal question abouts terminology and definition (‘what’s in a name’) to its current context and potential (‘why it is here again, and why it is most probably here to stay’). Those advocating ‘applied history’ in the Netherlands and Flanders by and large agree on a shared endeavour to apply both historical skills and insights to contemporary societal debates. They thereby tend to promote long-term, comparative and out-of-the-box thinking to confront today’s (wicked) problems. In these endeavours they offer an alternative to writing commissioned histories and commercial joint ventures, as well as to the 'public history' initiatives co-created by heritage institutions, museums or media outlets. Changing constellations of ideas and incentives in education, science, and society have certainly helped to create an incubation period for the development of applied history. History curricula now allow students to experience their added value in the workplace, research programmes ask to reflect upon the impact and valorisation of historical research, and most of all, younger generations are eager to merge postmodern approaches with clear societal achievements and are trying to do so on safe ethical and methodological grounds. This contribution argues that applied and fundamental research in the field of history could be mutually beneficial, rather than antithetical or antipathetic, and that both approaches can reinforce each other in future. Deze bijdrage verschuift het debat over ‘toegepaste geschiedenis’ van de archetypische vragen over terminologie en definities (‘what’s in a name?’) naar zijn huidige context en potentieel (‘waarom is het opnieuw hier en waarom zal het hoogstwaarschijnlijk blijven?’). In Nederland en Vlaanderen zijn voorstanders van toegepaste geschiedenis het grotendeels eens over een gezamenlijk streven om zowel historische vaardigheden als inzichten toe te passen op maatschappelijke debatten. Daarbij hebben ze de neiging om langetermijn-, vergelijkend en ‘out-of-the-box’ denken te bevorderen bij de aanpak van hedendaagse complexe problemen. Zo bieden ze niet alleen een alternatief voor commerciële samenwerkingsverbanden of het schrijven van geschiedenisboeken in opdracht, maar ook voor publiekshistorische initiatieven die mede zijn opgezet door erfgoedinstellingen, musea of mediakanalen. Veranderende opvattingen in onderwijs, wetenschap en samenleving hebben bijgedragen aan deze ontwikkeling van toegepaste geschiedenis. Geschiedeniscurricula laten studenten tegenwoordig hun toegevoegde waarde direct op de werkplek ervaren via stages, terwijl onderzoeksprogramma’s vragen om na te denken over de impact en valorisatie van historisch onderzoek. Vooral jongere historici combineren al een postmoderne benadering met concrete maatschappelijke verwezenlijkingen en proberen dat te doen op een ethische en methodologisch verantwoorde manier. Deze bijdrage stelt dat toegepast en fundamenteel historisch onderzoek voor beide deelgebieden voordelig zou kunnen zijn, in plaats van antithetisch of antipathiek, en dat beide benaderingen elkaar in de toekomst kunnen versterken.ActualiteitsparagraafToegepaste geschiedenisWaarom historici steeds meer over ‘vandaag’ spreken Kun je iets uit het verleden leren? Het is een stokoude vraag die steeds meer historici in Nederland en België zich opnieuw stellen. Onder invloed van maatschappelijke vraagstukken zoals corona, klimaatverandering, diversiteit en (geo)politieke instabiliteit, maar ook door veranderende eisen van studenten en onderzoeksfinanciers, vinden historici het in toenemende mate belangrijk om na te denken over de ‘toegepaste waarde’ van historische kennis en expertise. In hun bijdrage voor BMGN 136:4 bespreken Violet Soen en Bram De Ridder hoe dergelijke ‘toegepaste geschiedenis’ aan een opmars bezig is en benadrukken ze het veelzijdige karakter daarvan. Ze beargumenteren dat toegepaste geschiedenis niet iets radicaal nieuw is maar eigenlijk al langer ingebed zit in de praktijk van veel historici. Tegelijk is het van groot belang om deze activiteiten een nieuwe methodologische en ethische basis te geven en om een constructieve dialoog te houden met historici die ‘vroeger’ vooral vroeger willen laten zijn. Kan je iets leren uit het verleden? Soen en De Ridder menen van wel, maar enkel als historici en hun maatschappelijke partners voldoende hard nadenken over het hoe en wat van toegepaste geschiedenis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 367-374
Author(s):  
Corrie Stone-Johnson ◽  
Jennie Miles Weiner

PurposeIn this paper, we describe the impact of COVID-19 on principals and their work. Drawing on prior research undertaken prior to the onset of the pandemic, we describe how principals were already grappling with difficult tensions associated with their expertise, autonomy, normative orientation and rewards that may have real implications for their work moving forward and how, in the current context of uncertainty and change we believe the issue of principal professionalism requires our collective attention and action.Design/methodology/approachOver the last year, we undertook a multistate qualitative study of 17 school leaders to explore how principals working in traditional public schools conceptualize the principal profession and their role within it. Briefly, we found that the principalship is an “emergent profession” characterized by shared but individually determined knowledge and skills; a normative orientation of service; confused notions of external expectations and rewards and ongoing tensions among all of these elements.FindingsProfessionalism may be a surprising lever for improving the capacity of school leadership. Through our research, we identified that little is known about professionalism as it relates to the unique work of school leaders, but that understanding more about it could lead to greater knowledge of how to encourage and retain them. In the current context of uncertainty, chaos and change, the pressure on leaders to stay in the role and to succeed has never been greater. Thus, it is critical that principals have the capacity to exert professionalism over their work and to have greater say in elements of it, recognizing that some decisions must be made at district, state and federal levels.Originality/valueWhile many studies investigate how teachers of various backgrounds and in different contexts think about teaching as a profession (e.g. Anderson and Cohen, 2015; Stone-Johnson, 2014b; Torres and Weiner, 2018; Hall and McGinty, 2015), we had difficulty identifying studies focused on principals and using frameworks of professionalism to understand how these activities reflect larger shifts in the profession itself. This is despite the changing nature of principals' work, which, like the work of teachers, has been and continues to be largely influenced by the increasing role of neoliberal principles and policies in education. The public nature of the work of school leadership and the potential to support students, families and the communities in which they live brings in sharp focus the necessity of greater understanding of it during the COVID-19 crisis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (517) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
O. I. Laiko ◽  

The article is concerned with topical issues of the State regulation of public procurement in Ukraine in the context of reforms and integration processes. The conceptual principles of regulation of the public procurement system have been formulated, taking into account the requirements and challenges of modern processes of reforms of the national economy and the implementation of the European integration vector. The public procurement system is considered as a new institutional unit in the national economy – the market for goods and services to the State-owned institutions and organizations with the involvement of budgetary funds. The significance of the public procurement system for the country’s economy as an environment for financing and implementing entrepreneurial initiatives aimed at creating high-quality goods and services, which is characterized by volumes equal to 15% of GDP, is substantiated. The article is aimed at defining the theoretical-conceptual and applied principles of the State regulation of the public procurement system in Ukraine in the context of efficient implementation of reform goals and taking into account the impact and challenges from the active participation of the national economy in the international distribution of labor in the course of integration processes with the EU countries. The article defines the key directions of the State policy on the regulation of the public procurement system, which include: stimulating the economic development of the entrepreneurial sector and overall economic growth on the basis of sustainability and balance; support for the production of domestic goods and services with high added value; stimulation of production of goods and services using local resources; stimulating the creation by domestic producers of both goods and services of cooperation associations in order to use the opportunities for the distribution of labor to create more competitive products; supporting the formation of an economic basis for the development of territorial and economic entities in the regions of Ukraine. As for the above defined directions of the State regulation of the public procurement system in Ukraine, appropriate measures have been proposed, the implementation of which is expected to contribute to the strengthening of the national economy and does not contradict the provisions of ratified international agreements.


1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
R. W. Nicholls

Research in molecular spectroscopy over much of the electromagnetic spectrum has continued intensively over the past three years. It has been stimulated not only by the imperatives of fundamental research programmes in many laboratories, but also by the impact of molecular lasers on the field, and the needs of atmospheric and environmental programmes. The literature is so prolific that it is impossible even to review briefly here all that is relevant to astrophysical needs. Thus most of this report has been compiled from the contributions from individual workers and Research Centres.


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste van Rinsum ◽  
Sanne Gerards ◽  
Geert Rutten ◽  
Madelon Johannesma ◽  
Ien van de Goor ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Combined lifestyle interventions (CLIs) are designed to help people who are overweight or obese maintain a healthy new lifestyle. The CooL intervention is a CLI in the Netherlands, in which lifestyle coaches counsel adults and children (and/or their parents) who are obese or at high risk of obesity to achieve a sustained healthier lifestyle. The intervention consists of coaching on lifestyle in group and individual sessions, addressing the topics of physical activity, dietary behaviours, sleep, stress management and behavioural change. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation process of the Coaching on Lifestyle (CooL) intervention and its facilitating and impeding factors. Methods Mixed methods were used in this action-oriented study. Both quantitative (number of referrals, attendance lists of participants and questionnaires) and qualitative (group and individual interviews, observations, minutes and open questions) data were collected among participants, lifestyle coaches, project group members and other stakeholders. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to analyse the data. Results CooL was evaluated by stakeholders and participants as an accessible and useful programme, because of its design and content and the lifestyle coaches’ approach. However, stakeholders indicated that the lifestyle coaches need to become more familiar in the health care network and public sectors in the Netherlands. Lifestyle coaching is a novel profession and the added value of the lifestyle coach is not always acknowledged by all health care providers. Lifestyle coaches play a crucial role in ensuring the impact of CooL by actively networking, using clear communication materials and creating stakeholders’ support and understanding. Conclusion The implementation process needs to be strengthened in terms of creating support for and providing clear information about lifestyle coaching. The CooL intervention was implemented in multiple regions, thanks to the efforts of many stakeholders. Lifestyle coaches should engage in networking activities and entrepreneurship to boost the implementation process. It takes considerable time for a lifestyle coach to become fully incorporated in primary care. Trial registration NTR6208; date registered: 13–01-2017; retrospectively registered; Netherlands Trial Register.


2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-398
Author(s):  
HANS ROODENBURG ◽  
ROB EUWALS ◽  
HARRY TERRELE

Employing methods extracted from the literature, in combination with data on the Dutch economy, we assess the impact of immigration on the labour market and the public sector in the Netherlands. Additional labour supply due to immigration will have only a limited positive effect on the total income of natives, though redistribution between native groups is relatively large. The long run fiscal impact of immigrants will only be positive if their labour market performance at least equals that of natives. We conclude that selective labour immigration may contribute to the economic well-being of the host country. However, large-scale immigration of labour is not considered to be effective in alleviating the financial burden of ageing in the Netherlands.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12482
Author(s):  
Lynette A. M. H. Germes ◽  
Carina J. Wiekens ◽  
Lummina G. Horlings

In the last decade, the number of local energy initiatives (LEIs) has increased in western European countries. Although several success factors and barriers in the development of LEIs have been studied by other scholars, there has been limited scholarly interest in the overall impact of LEIs so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore their impact by determining their achievement. Additionally, levels of engagement were used to categorise the success factors for and barriers that impede this impact. Initiatives in two provinces in the north of the Netherlands were studied. For the data collection, 84 in-depth interviews were conducted with the initiators of LEIs. In general, it can be concluded that the impact of LEIs is limited. Success factors and barriers in the development of LEIs play out at different levels of engagement: the level of the initiative itself; the community level; and the public–private level. Theoretically, this study provides empirical insights on how to measure the impact of LEIs. Furthermore, the study brings together a variety of factors that influence this impact based on the levels of engagement. Practically, this research offers indications on how to contribute to the further development of LEIs.


Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6(63)) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Kevin Menagie

This article analyses the impact of a recent revival of nationalist narratives in The Netherlands on the issue of European identity. In the past decade, a sensitive and very salient debate has risen around the controversial figure of Zwarte Piet, part of a popular national festival called Sinterklaas. The article explains the nature of this tradition and elaborates on the development of the public debate on the topic. By analysing the defensive reaction towards criticism from Dutch action groups, the European Parliament and the United Nations, the article intends to expose an emphasis on nationalist arguments and invented traditions. It is often argued that the debate has already led to an increase in polarization in the country itself, but the article shows that it could also potentially function as a threat to European identity.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina Elisabeth Vellinga ◽  
Matthijs Sam ◽  
Hans Verhagen ◽  
Lea Sletting Jakobsen ◽  
Gitte Ravn-Haren ◽  
...  

Background: Seaweed has a high potential for nourishing the future planet. However, besides being beneficial, it also contains adverse components; this poses the question whether consumption of seaweed foods overall contributes beneficially or detrimentally to human health, and hence if their consumption should be promoted or restricted.Methods: This study evaluated the impact of substituting regular foods with seaweed foods in the diet, both in terms of nutritional quality (via iodine and sodium) and food safety (via arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury). Food consumption data from the Netherlands and Portugal (adults aged >18 years) were used, in which 10% of the amounts of pasta, bacon, and lettuce consumed were replaced by seaweed-derived products made from kelp (Saccharina latissima). Using Monte Carlo Risk Assessment software (MCRA), long-term nutrient intake and exposure to contaminants were assessed. The results obtained for the Netherlands and Portugal were compared with data from Japan, a country that has a high natural consumption of seaweed.Results: This low-tier risk-benefit study reveals that an increased seaweed consumption (as assessed by the 10% replacement with seaweed products) has no consequences in terms of intake of sodium and exposure to cadmium, lead, and mercury, and the associated (absence of) adverse health aspects. The alternative scenario almost doubled the mean iodine intake in the Netherlands (to 300 μg/day) and Portugal (to 208 μg/day) and increased the average exposure to arsenic levels in the Netherlands (to 1.02 μg/kg bw/day) and Portugal (to 1.67 μg/kg bw/day).Conclusion: The intake of iodine and exposure to arsenic in the Netherland and Portugal were certainly higher due to the modeled increase of seaweed foods. If seaweed consumption increases close to the 10% substitution, the public health consequences thereof may trigger further research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Klara Dankova

In times of crisis, a government’s communication with the public is fundamental, as one of the government’s main tasks is to provide critical information to protect the population. In the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, public health communication has been paramount because of the elevated risk of contagion. Moreover, in public health communication, experts play a pivotal role by providing reliable information on the basis of their technical expertise. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is often compared to that of the Spanish flu, a pandemic occurring in 1918-1919, whose global spread decimated tens of millions of people. This contribution aims to assess the role of experts in the two crises by highlighting the differences in France’s public health communication during the two events. Assuming that the objectives of public health communication during the two pandemics were more or less identical, i.e. to prevent the spread of disease and inform and protect the public, the paper inquires about the means used to achieve them, focusing on the contribution of experts. The main characteristics of public health communication during the Spanish flu will be investigated by analysing articles published in the period between 1918 and 1919 in two French newspapers Le Matin and Le Petit Parisien. In terms of the current COVID-19 pandemic, this paper will probe articles published since December 2019 in the newspaper Le Monde.


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