scholarly journals EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION ON BOILER PERFORMANCE: CONFORMATION TRAITS AND ISOMETRY OF GROWN

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
S. N. IBE ◽  
E. N. NWACHUKWU
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Linear Body

The effect of quantitative feed restriction on broiler conformation traits, namely breast width, keel length, thigh width and shank length, and on growth of these linear body structures relative to overall body growth was investigated using two hundred and forty Cobb broiler chicks. Three levels of restriction, namely 5, 10 and 15% of ad libitum intake, were randomly imposed on different groups. Birds restricted-fed in the starter phase of growth were full-fed in the finisher phase, and vice versa. Conformation traits, particularly breast width, keel length- and thigh diameter, were generally more adversely affected by feed restriction in the starter than in the finisher phase. However, there was evidence of compensatory growth for all parameters, except the breast. Feed restriction did not significantly affect the relative growth pattern of the breast, keel and thigh, which was positively allometric, Relative growth of the shank was, however, affected by different levels of restriction.  

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF QUANTITATIVE FEED RESTRICTION ON BROILER GROWTH AND ECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
E. N. Nwachukwu ◽  
S. N. Ibe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

The effects of quantitative feed restriction on broiler growth and monetary returns were investigated using two hundred and forty Cobb broiler chicks. Three levels of restriction namely, 5 10 and 15% of ad libitum intake, were randomly imposed on different groups. Birds that were restricted in the starter phase of growth were later full-fed in the finisher phase, and vice versa. Body weight was depressed by all levels of feed restriction considered. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was however not significantly affected. Although quantitative feed restriction significantly reduced feed cost the highest revenue was realized from control birds. All economic parameters considered did not show feed restriction as having advantage over full feeding.

Effect Of L-Thyroxin Hormone (T4) On Compensatory Growth In Broiler Chicks

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 84-84
Author(s):  
A. Hassanabadi ◽  
A. golian
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Specific Dynamic Action ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Heat Increment ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

Purpose of researches in feed restriction area is improvement of feed efficiency, decrease of carcass fat content and abdominal fat pad size (Plavnik and Hurvitz,1991).Birds after early life feed restriction have less maintenance requirements due to decrease of heat increment and decrease of basal metabolic rate and specific dynamic action of food (Forsum et al.,1981).In many investigations, compensatory growth have not observed (Summers et al.,1990).It seems administration of Thyroid hormone after feed restriction can induce compensatory growth. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of early feed restriction and L-Thyroxin administration after early feed restriction on compensatory growth in broiler chickens.

Effect of feed restriction and subsequent re-alimentation on hormones and genes of the somatotropic axis in cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 264-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Keogh ◽  
Sinéad M. Waters ◽  
Alan K. Kelly ◽  
Alastair R. G. Wylie ◽  
David A. Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Somatotropic Axis ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Lower Growth Rate ◽  
Ad Libitum

The objective of this study was to characterize the effect of feed restriction and compensatory growth during re-alimentation on the functionality of the somatotropic axis. We blocked 60 bulls into one of two groups: 1) restricted feed allowance for 125 days ( period 1) (RES, n = 30) followed by ad libitum feeding for 55 days ( period 2) or 2) ad libitum access to feed throughout (ADLIB, n = 30). A growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) challenge was performed during each period. At the end of each period, 15 animals from each treatment were slaughtered and hepatic tissue collected. Hepatic expression of 13 genes of the somatotropic axis was measured by qRT-PCR. RES displayed a lower growth rate during period 1 (0.6 vs. 1.9 kg/day; P < 0.001), subsequently gaining more than ADLIB animals during period 2 (2.5 vs. 1.4 kg/day; P < 0.001). Growth hormone response to GHRH was not different between treatments at either time-point ( P > 0.05); however, resultant plasma IGF-1 was lower in period 1 and greater in period 2 in RES animals ( P < 0.05). Expression of IGFBP2 was higher ( P < 0.01) and IGF1 ( P < 0.001) and GHRIA ( P < 0.05) lower in RES compared with ADLIB during period 1, with no difference evident in period 2 ( P > 0.05). Collectively, the results of this study are consistent with uncoupling of the somatotropic axis following feed restriction. However, there is no evidence from this study that the somatotropic axis per se is a significant contributor to compensatory growth.

scholarly journals Performance and hormonal profile in broiler chickens fed with different energy levels during post restriction period

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana Fernanda Giachetto ◽  
Erika Nomura Guerreiro ◽  
Jesus Aparecido Ferro ◽  
Maria Inês Tiraboschi Ferro ◽  
Renato Luis Furlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Metabolic Hormone

The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of diet energy level on performance and hormonal profiles of broilers during post restriction period. It was a split-plot experiment, and the main treatments were in a 2x2 factorial scheme. Birds were fed restricted to 30% of the ad libitum intake, from 7 to 14 days of age. After the restriction period, birds were fed ad libitum with diets containing low (2,900 kcal ME/kg) or high (3,200 kcal ME/kg) energy until 49 days of age. Broilers fed with high energy ration showed lower feed intake and better feed conversion and decreased carcass protein; however, abdominal fat pad, and total carcass fat were not affected by ration energy levels or feeding program. Neither diet energy level nor feed restriction program changed body weight at 49 days. The profile of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was reduced during the feed restriction period, but increased at refeeding period. Feeding program and ration energy level did not affect T3, T4 and growth hormone serum concentrations. Feed restriction at 30% of ad libitum intake is not enough to promote changes on carcass quality, related to fat deposition, and on metabolic hormone levels, except IGF-1 seric level that has rapid increase after feed restriction.

scholarly journals Use of qualitative feed restriction as a management strategy for finishing broilers

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
A. B. I. Udedibie ◽  
F. I. Peter-Nwachukwu ◽  
H. O. Obikaonu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quality Diet

A 5-week experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of qualitative feed restriction through the use low-quality diet on finisher broiler performance, and to determine if sufficient compensatory growth can be achieved at that phase of broiler production. Seventy two (72) 4 weeks old broiler chicks of Anak strain weighing of the average 1.0kg were randomly distributed into two groups, A and B, using completely randomized design. Each group was replicated 3 times with 12 broiler chicks per replicate and each replicate housed in a pen measuring 1.5 m x 2 m. Broilers in group A were given a standard broiler finisher diet continuously for 5 weeks while broilers in group B received a low-quality cheap diet based mainly on palm kernel cake and wheat offal for the first two weeks and then placed on the standard diet for the remaining three weeks of the trial. The birds were weighed at the beginning of the trial and weekly thereafter. At the end of the feeding trial, 4 birds were randomly selected from each group, weighed, sacrificed, de-feathered, eviscerated and their internal organs as well as the abdominal fat, weighed. There was no significant difference in feed intake between the groups (P>0.05) at the end of the trial but the group on the high fibre low-quality diet consumed significantly (P<0.05) more feed during the 2 weeks. Daily body weight gain of the birds on the low-quality diet was lower than that of their counterparts in the control diets in the first 2 weeks but remarkably and progressively increased up to the end of the feeding trial. There was, however, no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05) in the final body weights. There were no significant differences in internal organ weights of the groups (P>0.05). However, abdominal fat weight was significantly (P<0.05) reduced by qualitative feed restriction. Feed cost of production (N/kg weight gain) were N348.69 and N343.78 for the control and qualitative feed restricted groups, respectively. The results have shown that sufficient compensatory growth can be achieved in broiler production the period of production is just 5 weeks.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Levels of Diet Protein on Broilers Performance in Ad libitum and Feed Restriction Methods

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Azarnik ◽  
M. Bojarpour ◽  
M. Eslami ◽  
M.R. Ghorbani ◽  
K. Mirzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Restriction Methods ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION AT THE STARTER PHASE ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
M Tion ◽  
M. T. Orga ◽  
I. A. Adeka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two hundred and twenty five day old straight run broiler chicks were utilized in completely randomized design to test the effect of restricting feed intake of four groups of chicks to 92.5% 85.0%, 77.5% and 70.0% of the unrestricted (control) group in the starter phase and following adlibitum feeding for all groups in the finisher phase. The treatments were simply designated as A, B, C, D and E. The starter phase in which the restriction was carried out lasted 28 days and the finisher phase 42 days. Parameters evaluated during the starter and finisher phases included; growth rate, feed conversion ration and mortality rate. Results show gain in weight among all groups while the group fed diet B and the control had comparable weight gain at the starter phase. The percentage weight difference between the control and each of the other dietary groups was: 4.4%, 8.4%, 8.6% and 10.4% for the treatments B, C, D and E respectively. Feed gain ration improved as the level of restriction became stricter. Following ad-libitum feeding of all grops at the finisher phase, the feed restricted groups at the starter phase voraciously increased their feed intake, thus, producing comparable performance values with the unrestricted (control) group in weight gain in the 8th week of the study. Although birds in all groups averaged more than 2000g final live weight in 10weeks, significant differences exist between groups that were fed diets C, D, and E that were restricted at the starter phase, an indication that complete compensatory growth was not obtainable. Feed gain ration improved for restricted groups. Mortality rate did not show any trend attributable to levels of feed restriction. This study shows that broiler chicks fed restricted levels of balanced diet at the starter phase but later fed ad-libitum at the finisher phase could attain a finished weight of about 2000g or more at a market age of 10 weeks (70 days) with an improvement in feed gain ration.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal feed restriction during pregnancy on glucose tolerance in the adult guinea pig

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (1) ◽  
pp. R140-R152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Kind ◽  
Peter M. Clifton ◽  
Patricia A. Grant ◽  
Phillip C. Owens ◽  
Annica Sohlstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Glucose Ratio ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

Maternal nutrient restriction and impaired fetal growth are associated with postnatal insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose intolerance in humans but not consistently in other species, such as the rat or sheep. We therefore determined the effect of mild (85% ad libitum intake/kg body wt) or moderate (70% ad libitum intake/kg body wt) maternal feed restriction throughout pregnancy on glucose and insulin responses to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in the young adult guinea pig. Maternal feed restriction reduced birth weight (mild and moderate: both P < 0.02) in male offspring. Moderate restriction increased plasma glucose area under the curve ( P < 0.04) and decreased the glucose tolerance index ( K G) ( P < 0.02) during the IVGTT in male offspring compared with those of mildly restricted but not of ad libitum-fed mothers. Moderate restriction increased fasting plasma insulin ( P < 0.04, adjusted for litter size) and the insulin response to IVGTT ( P < 0.001), and both moderate and mild restriction increased the insulin-to-glucose ratio during the IVGTT ( P < 0.003 and P < 0.02) in male offspring. When offspring were classed into tertiles according to birth weight, glucose tolerance was not altered, but fasting insulin concentrations were increased in low compared with medium birth weight males ( P < 0.03). The insulin-to-glucose ratio throughout the IVGTT was increased in low compared with medium ( P < 0.01) or high ( P < 0.05) birth weight males. Thus maternal feed restriction in the guinea pig restricts fetal growth and causes hyperinsulinemia in young adult male offspring, suggestive of insulin resistance. These findings suggest that mild to moderate prenatal perturbation programs postnatal glucose homeostasis adversely in the guinea pig, as in the human.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics of Canindé goats subjected to feed restriction

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Batista Bezerra ◽  
Severino Gonzaga Neto ◽  
Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros ◽  
Francisco Fernando Ramos de Carvalho ◽  
Safira Valença Bispo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feed restriction on the carcass characteristics of castrated Canindé goat kids. A randomized block design was used, in which 21 goat kids with a body weight (BW) of 15.9±1.0kg were allocated to three levels of feed restriction: ad libitum, 20% and 40% restriction related to the ad libitum intake. The diet consisted of 55% forage (Tifton) and 45% concentrate. All animals were slaughtered when the kids fed ad libitum reached a BW of 25kg. After slaughter, the carcasses were chilled for 24 hours and subsequently measured. Kids fed ad libitum and subjected to 20% feed restriction showed similar morphometric carcass measurements, except for the chest circumference. Goat kids fed ad libitum exhibited greater values for warm and cold carcass yields compared with those subjected to 40% feed restriction and did not differ from the kids under 20% feed restriction. Weights of the commercial cuts showed decreasing mean values according to the intensity of feed restriction. Castrated Canindé goat kids subjected to 20% feed restriction presented similar carcass yields and proportion of commercial cuts to those fed ad libitum.

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