scholarly journals ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF HELMINTH DISEASES OF LIVESTOCK IN MAIDUGURI, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
M. I. Ahmed ◽  
C. O. Nwosu ◽  
G. C. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Management System ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Livestock Management

A study was conducted to assess the economic losses due to parasitic diseases of livestock slaughtered in Maiduguri Municipal abattoir between January, 1982 and December, 1987. In decreasing order of economic importance the prevailing diseases recorded were cysticercosis, bydatidosis, fascioliasis, oesophagostomiasis, and aortic onchocerciasis. An estimated N886,080 was lost in all animals as a result of parasitism. This represented a toss of N734,875; N38,8211; N44,885 and N67,500 respectively in cattle, sheep, goats and camels. The public health aspects and the implications of the traditional livestock management system on the epidemiology of the parasitic diseases are highlighted.

Application of GIS technology in public health: successes and challenges

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHANIE M. FLETCHER-LARTEY ◽  
GRAZIELLA CAPRARELLI
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Application Of Gis

SUMMARYThe uptake and acceptance of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology has increased since the early 1990s and public health applications are rapidly expanding. In this paper, we summarize the common uses of GIS technology in the public health sector, emphasizing applications related to mapping and understanding of parasitic diseases. We also present some of the success stories, and discuss the challenges that still prevent a full scope application of GIS technology in the public health context. Geographical analysis has allowed researchers to interlink health, population and environmental data, thus enabling them to evaluate and quantify relationships between health-related variables and environmental risk factors at different geographical scales. The ability to access, share and utilize satellite and remote-sensing data has made possible even wider understanding of disease processes and of their links to the environment, an important consideration in the study of parasitic diseases. For example, disease prevention and control strategies resulting from investigations conducted in a GIS environment have been applied in many areas, particularly in Africa. However, there remain several challenges to a more widespread use of GIS technology, such as: limited access to GIS infrastructure, inadequate technical and analytical skills, and uneven data availability. Opportunities exist for international collaboration to address these limitations through knowledge sharing and governance.

scholarly journals Considerations on teniasis and cysticercosis in municipalities of the Jiquiriçá Valley, Bahia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
F. S. Julião ◽  
H. B. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
The Public

Teniasis and cysticercosis are parasitic diseases with serious repercussions on public health, caused by parasites Taenia solium and T. saginata. The objective was to verify the explanation in textbooks about teniasis and cysticercosis and their approaches by the professors of Sciences and Biology to their students. Data were analyzed on the occurrence of teniasis and cysticercosis in the Health Secretaries of municipalities of Vale do Jiquiriçá, Bahia. An interview was also conducted with teachers from Elementary School II and High School of the public schools of the municipalities of Bahia: Jiquiriçá, Mutuípe and Ubaíra. In addition, bibliographic research was carried out in textbooks used in schools. It was verified that there is no record of the prevalence of teniasis and cysticercosis in the municipalities investigated. Regarding the approach of these infections in Basic Education, it was noticed that the teachers need the complementation of the content, because in the textbooks the approaches are succinct, although they can cover the main characteristics of these diseases. Interaction among health professionals and education professionals is suggested for prevention and combat with better results.

scholarly journals Feral pigeons (Columba livia) as potential reservoirs of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Horn Vasconcelos ◽  
Régis Siqueira de Castro Teixeira ◽  
Isaac Neto Goes da Silva ◽  
Elisângela de Souza Lopes ◽  
William Cardoso Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Public ◽  
Feral Pigeons ◽  
Foodborne Infections

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to review the scientific literature for information about free-living pigeons (Columba livia) as potential reservoirs of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. Rock doves are currently adapted to the urban environment and distributed all over the world. These birds carry microorganisms that are pathogenic for man and other animals, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Among these microorganisms, Salmonella is a pathogenic genus that cause severe economic losses and it is zoonotic, causing foodborne infections in humans. In addition, Escherichia coli is an worrisome species involved in the poultry industry. However, this micro-organism is also a risk to the public health, considering pathotypes that are known to cause diseases in man have been isolated from feral pigeons. The infections caused by these bacteria depend on virulence factors that provide the necessary tools to develop the disease. These factors are encoded by genes that may be found in pathogenicity islands inside the bacterial genome. In addition, pigeons may harbor antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, which may pass this characteristic to other strains, and present a risk to the public health as well. In conclusion, pigeons are reservoirs of strains of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli that may present high levels of resistance to antibiotics.

scholarly journals Bovine rabies: economic loss and its mitigation through antirabies vaccination

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Karla M. Mello ◽  
Ricardo C. Brumatti ◽  
Danielle A. Neves ◽  
Lilian O.B. Alcântara ◽  
Fábio S. Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACT: Rabies is among the most common neurological disease in cattle in Brazil, causing significant economic losses. Data on the economic impact of rabies in livestock are available in several countries. However, in Brazil, these data focus mainly on the public health point o view, emphasizing the costs related to the prevention of rabies in humans, in dogs, or wildlife. Specific studies carried out in different regions of Brazil indicate critical economic losses caused by rabies in cattle in this country. However, the studies on the losses caused by the disease in cattle lack a detailed analysis of the affected rural properties based on data from official disease control agencies. The objective of this work was to evaluate the economic impact of bovine rabies, and its mitigation through antirabies vaccination in rural properties in Mato Grosso do Sul, Midwestern Brazil.

scholarly journals Political discourse, military and securitization of health nexus: contemporary security challenges and the military role in public health security

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4/2019) ◽  
pp. 45-75
Author(s):  
Vanja Rokvić ◽  
Vladimir Ajzenhamer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The Public ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Important Health ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to provide answers to the questions why health is viewed through the lens of national and international security, and what might be the potential role of the armed forces in strategic response to health security challenges. Relying on theoretical settings of Foucault’s discourse studies and securitization concept developed by the Copenhagen School of security studies, authors will try to illuminate the nexus between political discourse, military and securitization of health. The analysis of the political and academic discourse has found that with regard to security the most important health challenges are considered the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, especially HIV/AIDS, and the ability to make use of biological agents as weapons. As the most important reasons why health is viewed through the lens of security are considered to be major economic losses incurred due to health crises, high mortality rates, migration, the impact of health crises on the armed forces and peacekeeping operations. The paper concluded that the armed forces play a role in the public health security through monitoring and early warning, through epidemiological and laboratory opportunities for early detection of new epidemics or pathogens, as well as through providing assistance after major natural disasters. The paper analyzes the public health and security in the Republic of Serbia, and it was concluded that it is necessary to undertake more efforts in recognizing health as a field of national security, and health risks as the risks of security.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among the Bulgarian population over a three year period (2015 – 2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Harizanov ◽  
I. Rainova ◽  
N. Tsvetkova ◽  
I. Kaftandjiev ◽  
R. Borisova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Public Health Care System ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
The Public ◽  
Protozoan Infections ◽  
Bulgarian Population

SummaryThe aim of the present study is to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among the Bulgarian population over the period 2015 – 2017. The study involved all Bulgarians and foreign nationals residing in the country who had been tested for intestinal protozoa and helminths. A total of 23,785 infections have been revealed, of which 17,712 (74.47 %) were helminth and 6,073 (25.53 %) protozoan invasions. Enterobiasis was found to be the most prevalent among patients infected with intestinal helminths (81.75 %), while giardiasis (62.05 %) was the most common among those diagnosed with protozoan infections. In spite of improved living conditions and increasing public health awareness, parasitic diseases in general, and intestinal parasitic infections in particular, still represent a significant part of the overall morbidity in Bulgaria, thus posing a major issue for the public health care system.

scholarly journals Solid waste Analysis in Jember Unniversity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Local Area ◽  
The Public ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
The Social

Waste management system must be applied in the local area such as educational institution. Jember University is one of the educational institutions that hasn`t applied the waste management system. The objective of the research was to analysis solid waste in Jember University to design solid waste management.Observation and interview have been used to collect data. solid waste has been measure in social faculties (social and political science faculty, language faculty and law faculty), the exacta faculties (public health faculty, pharmacy, educational science) and office (office center, research center, public reservation office).The mean of solid waste in the social faculties is 7,74 kg/ day. The exacta faculties are 28,22 kg/ day and the office is 7,27 kg/day. The leaf is the most characteristic of solid waste in the social faculty, the paper is the most in the exacta faculties and the office. Solid waste was throw into the soil and then burned. Jember University must have a good solid waste management system base on the characteristic of waste to reduce their solid waste and keep the public health.

scholarly journals Review of Bovine Brucellosis and Its Public Health Significance

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-33
Author(s):  
Wakuma Mitiku ◽  
Garoma Desa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
The Public

Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic bacterial disease caused by a member of the genus Brucella. The disease affects both animals and human beings resulting in a serious economic loss in the animal production sector and deterioration of public health. Bovine brucellosis is highly prevalent and has significant economic and zoonotic implications for the rural communities in consequence of their traditional lifestyles, feeding habits, and disease patterns. The possible sources of infections include all infected tissues, aborted fetuses, vaginal discharges, and potentially contaminated materials. The nature of the pathogenesis of the diseases lies in the presence of the bacteria in the cells and employing various methods to survive in the phagocytic cells. The disease can be transmitted from an infected host to susceptible animals in direct and indirect contact. Various methods are employed for the diagnosis of brucellosis including microscopic examination, culture methods, serological and molecular biology. The public health importance of brucellosis is much related to the infected animal species from which human transmission occurs. The economic importance of brucellosis depends upon the species of animal affected. It can cause considerable losses in cattle as a result of abortion and a reduction in milk yield. The most rational approach for control of Brucella abortus infection is by vaccinating young female animals. To deal with diseases like brucellosis, the public in general and high-risk groups, in particular, should be made aware of the zoonotic and economic importance of brucellosis through veterinary extension education.

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