scholarly journals SURVIVAL POTENTIAL OF STRESSED CHICKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-207
Author(s):  
E. A. O. LASEINDE
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Survival Duration ◽  
Starvation Stress ◽  
Survival Potential ◽  
Survival Condition

Two hundred and forty broiler, cockerel and pullet chicks were  deprived feeds, water brooder heat or combination of these to stimulate similar careless or accidental farm situations so as to find their effect on the chicks survival.The type of bird as well as brooder heat had  no significant effect (P>0.05) respectively on survival of chicks exposed to starvation stress, Age of chicks and nature of starvation significantly affected chicks survival. condition. A significant (P<0.05) mortality rate was recorded at ages 4 and 5 days. The maximum and evening to monitor the room temperature survival duration was 8 days for all stress chicks. Those deprived of only water survived significantly (P <0.05) longer than others. either feed, drinking water or both. 

scholarly journals COMPLIANCE OF COMMERCIAL BLEACHES AND STABILITY OF 1 G/L-DILUTIONS USING DIFFERENT SOURCES OF DRINKING WATER

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
María Emilia Gavelli ◽  
Laura Carolina Luciani Giacobbe ◽  
Carolina Bustos Fierro ◽  
María Eugenia Olivera
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Chlorine Concentration ◽  
Active Chlorine ◽  
World Health ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Different Sources

Introduction and objectives: In the context of COVID-19, the World Health Organization has recommended the use of extemporaneously prepared bleach solutions of 1 g/L, as a conservative concentration able to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and the vast majority of other pathogens that may be present in the healthcare setting. Consequently, there is a renewed interest in conducting stability studies of these solutions. The goal of this work was to verify the available chlorine concentration in several bleach solutions trademarks and to propose a beyond use date for 1 g/L bleach solutions, obtained after dilution with drinking water from different sources. Methods: Bleach trademarks, with nominal concentrations between 25-60 g/L, were subjected to iodometric titration to determine the available chlorine concentration. One trademark was used to prepare 1 g/L dilutions using water from different purification plants in Córdoba, Argentina. The samples were stored at room-temperature, both exposed or protected from light. The available chlorine concentration was determined by titration at preestablished time intervals. The beyond use date was reached when the available chlorine concentration dropped below 90 % of its initial. Results: The concentration of active chlorine in the different trademark bleaches was within the values established by current regulations. Diluted solutions protected from light showed a decrease of less than 10 % in active chlorine concentration during the first 10 days of assay. However, one sample exceeded the acceptance limit after 14 days. In contrast, in the samples exposed to light, the concentration of active chlorine dropped to 96.4 % at 24 hours and 79.3 % after 48 hours. No differences related to drinking water sources were observed. Conclusions: Compliance of the nominal available chlorine concentration in trademark bleach solutions was confirmed. Regardless the water source used for dilution, 1 g/L bleach solutions were stable for 10 days when stored at room temperature and protected from light. Instead, solutions exposed to light maintain their available chlorine concentration for only 24 hours.

scholarly journals Pertambahan Bobot Badan dan Waktu Pembusukan Daging Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Ekstrak Jaloh Dikombinasi dengan Kromium

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Sugito Sugito ◽  
Erdiansyah Rahmi ◽  
Azhari Azhari ◽  
M. Isa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The gain body weight and Spoilage of meat broiler which giving jaloh extract to combine with chromiumABSTRACT. A study was conducted on broiler chickens under heat stress to evaluate the effect of combined jaloh (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) extract with chromium mineral in the body weight, value of feed ratio conversion, and time to meat to become decomposed. Twenty four of 20-day old Cobb female broiler chickens were randomly assigned and divided to 4 treatment groups. Completely randomized design was used in this study. The treatments were as follows: 1) chickens given no heat stress and jaloh extract nor chromium (tCp); 2) chickens under heat stress without given jaloh extract nor chromium (Cp); 3) chickens under heat stress and given jaloh extract in 1.000 mg/lt drinking water (Cp+Ej); and 4) chickens under heat stress, given jaloh extract in 1.000 mg/lt drinking water, and chromium in 1.000 ug/lt drinking water (Cp+Ej+Cr). Heat stress given was 33 ± 1oC of cage temperature during 4 hours per day within 15 days. Jaloh extract and chromium treatments in drinking water were given at 2 hour before cage temperature reaching 33 ± 1oC and were stopped being given after 1 hour, when cage temperature back to room temperature. On the 16th day of the study chickens were measured before slaughtered. Samples obtained were chicken meat that taken from breast part (musculus pectoralis). The result suggested that either giving jaloh extract per se at the dose of 1.000 mg/lt in drinking water or combine it with chromium that given two hours before cage temperature reaching 33 ± 1oC, can prevent chickens from decreasing their body weight, decreasing value of feed ratio convertion, and extending time to meat to become decomposed.

scholarly journals Lethal effect of a bait for Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), the vector of Chagas' disease, containing hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), under laboratory conditions

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marli Maria Lima ◽  
Luis Rey ◽  
Rubens Pinto de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

The lethal effect of a bait containing an aqueous hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) suspension at the concentration of 1g/l and maintained at room temperature was studied in the laboratory over a period of 12 weeks. The suspension was placed in a latex bag hanging inside a 1000-ml beaker tightly covered with nylon netting, and left there with no changes for 85 days. Sixteen groups of R. prolixas bugs, consisting on average of 30 specimens each, were successively exposed to the bait and observed at different intervals for one week each. The mortality rate was 100% for all groups, except for the 16th, whose mortality rate was 96.7%. As the groups succeeded one another, mortality started to occur more rapidly and was more marked at the 6- and 24-h intervals. Later tests respectively started at 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. showed that diurnal and nocturnal periodicity in the offer of food had no effect on mortality. First- and 2nd- instar nymphs and adults male were more sensitive and 5th- instar nymphs were more resistant to the active principle of the bait.

Protective Effects of Cocos Nucifera Oil in Paraphenylene Diamine Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Shaimaa A. Arafa ◽  
Manal Ali Buabeid ◽  
Waseem Hassan ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Tahir Ali Chohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Survival Duration ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil

Background: Paraphenylene diamine (PPD) is a highly toxic compound used for hair-dyeing worldwide. PPD self-poisoning had significantly increased in recent times with raised mortality rates. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the toxic effects of PPD and protective potential of its prospective antidote Virgin Coconut Oil (Cocos Nucifera). Method: PPD was identified and validated by FT-IR and UV mass spectrometer. PPD toxicity was induced in-vivo by single intra-peritoneal injection (40 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg). Single injection of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) was administered in presence of PPD at doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg. Blood was analyzed for renal, hepatic and cardiac biomarkers. Relevant organs were collected, weighted and preserved for histopathological examination. Statistical analysis carried to note mortality rate, survival duration and serum biochemical parameter. Molecular docking studies were performed to assess attachment of PPD with histaminergic receptors. Results: PPD injection achieved 100% mortality rate with short survival span, and disturbed hepatic, renal, and cardiac serum markers with marked histopathological changes. VCO notably decreased mortality rate, raised treatment time window with marked adjustment in hepatic, renal, and cardiac markers. Docking studies proved that PPD attaches robustly with histaminergic receptors. Conclusion: Study concludes that VCO possesses lifesaving protection against PPD toxicity and can be a suitable antidote.

Preservation and Field Speciation of Inorganic Arsenic Species in Groundwater

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Samanta ◽  
Dennis A. Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic Species

Abstract This research describes the development of a dual preservation- and field-speciation technique for As(III) and As(V) speciation of a sample preserved with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and acetic acid (HAc). The new method was compared with existing preservation- and field-speciation methods and was shown to be accurate and precise in spite of possible interference from ferrous iron in the sample. The new preservation-speciation method was further evaluated on 55 drinking water wells (18 samples in triplicate) in Minnesota, North Dakota and California with the result that As(III) measured by field-speciation agreed with subsequent (within 1–3 d) laboratory speciation on the preserved sample with a slope of 0.98 and a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.999. Preserved samples stored in the dark at room temperature (22–24°C) could maintain their species distribution for 30 to 85 d.

scholarly journals 4 Effects of cooled floor pads and cooled drinking water on behavior of lactating sows under heat stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 2-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhi Li ◽  
Maria Lou ◽  
Michael Reese ◽  
Eric Buchanan ◽  
Lee J Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Control Room ◽  
Treatment Room ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Birth Time

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate whether cooled floor pads and cooled drinking water could alleviate negative impacts of heat stress on lactating sows. Sows (n = 32; parity=1 to 6) farrowed in individual stalls in two rooms. In the treatment room, a cooling pad (56 cm×56 cm×5 cm deep) was embedded in the floor of each stall where the sow’s shoulder or chest rested while lying. The pad and water in the drinker were cooled to about 16°C and 15°C, respectively. The control room was identical except cooling pads were not operating and drinking water was at room temperature. Room temperatures were controlled at 29.4°C (0700h to 1900h) and 23.9°C (1900h to 0700h) in both rooms. Sixteen focal sows (8 per room) were video-recorded during farrowing, and days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after farrowing. Videos were viewed continuously to register birth time of each piglet. Number of drinking bouts and duration of each bout were registered for 2 h (1530h to 1730h) each video-recording day. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Number of piglets born was used as a covariate for analysis of farrowing behaviors. No significant difference was detected for litter size born (14.1 for control vs. 15.1 piglet/litter for treatment, SE=1.33; P = 0.61), still birth (0.6 vs. 1.1 piglets/litter, SE=0.28; P = 0.31), or birth interval (14.6 vs. 14.8 min, SE=1.78; P = 0.95). Frequency of drinking bouts (2.8 for control vs. 4.2 drinks/2h for treatment, SE=0.50; P = 0.12) and duration of drinking bouts (10.5 vs. 12.0 sec/bout, SE=0.84; P = 0.21) were not affected by treatment across observation days. However, cooled sows reduced rectal temperature (39.3 vs. 39.6 °C, SE=0.11; P = 0.04) compared to control sows, suggesting cooled sows may have experienced less heat stress. These results indicate that cooled floor pads combined with chilled drinking water could be effective in reducing heat stress in lactating sows

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