scholarly journals Protein requirement of Japanese quail (coturnix corturnix japonica) chicks in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
G. S Bawa ◽  
L. H. Lombin ◽  
D. Shamaki ◽  
P. Karsin ◽  
U. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of varying dietary levels of protein on performance of Japanese quail chicks. Six iso-caloric (2953-3078 kcal/kg, ME) diets were formulated to contain crude protein (CP) at 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 and 28% levels, respectively. Each of the dietary treatment was replicated three times with sixty (60) quail chicks per replicate. A total of 1080 day-old unsexed quail chicks were used for the study and distributed using completely randomized design. The experiment lasted 42 days during which data were collected. Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the experimental period. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and protein intake differ significantly (P<0.05) due to dietary treatments. Final live weight and cost per gain were not significantly (P>0.05) different across dietary treatments. Age at first egg and average weight of eggs at point of lay differed significantly (P<0.05) across dietary treatments. The haematological parameters (Total protein, haemoglobin, albumen and red blood cell) were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the dietary protein levels. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, prime cuts and the weight of major organs expressed as percentage of the live weight were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. It was concluded that Japanese quail chicks required up to 26% level of dietary protein for optimum performance. 

Response of Japanese Breeder Quails to Varying Dietary Protein Levels in the Tropics

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
G. S. Bawa ◽  
L. H. Lombin ◽  
P. Musa ◽  
U. Payi ◽  
D. Shamaki
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Tropics

A three months feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of feeding varying levels of dietary protein on productive performance, egg quality characteristics and hatchability using 930 six weeks breeders quails. The birds were randomly divided into five dietary treatment groups of 186 birds, and were further replicated three times with 62 birds (50 females, 12 males) per replicate. They were fed five experimental diets containing either 18, 20, 22, 24 or 26% CP. Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the experimental period. The results obtained did not show significant effect (P>0.05) on final live weight, % change in body weight, feed conversion ratio, cost per dozen or crate of egg produced, hen-day-production, hen-housed production and peak egg production across the dietary treatments. However, significant differences (P<0.05) were observed for feed intake, age at peak production, egg weight and percent mortality across the dietary treatments. Dietary protein levels had no significant (P>0.05) effects on Haugh unit, egg shape index, percent egg shell, egg shell index, egg specific gravity and egg shell thickness. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed across dietary treatments for % hatchability, fertility and chick weight at hatch. Chick weight at day-old increased with increase in the level of dietary protein. It was concluded that dietary protein level of 22%CP is required for optimum production, egg quality characteristics and reproductive performance of breeder quails in the tropics

scholarly journals Digestible methionine levels for white-egg layer pullets from 7 to 12 weeks of age

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e47222
Author(s):  
Jalceyr Pessoa Figueiredo Júnior ◽  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Ricardo Romão Guerra ◽  
Marcelo Helder Medeiros Santana ◽  
Matheus Ramalho de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the requirement of digestible methionine for growing pullets at growth phase (7 to 12 weeks of age). A completely randomized design was distributed in five treatments, six replicates, and 15 pullets per experimental unit. 450 Dekalb White pullets from the 7th weeks of age, with an average initial weight of 313.14 ± 12.49 g were used. Dietary treatments consisted in five diets supplemented with DL-Methionine which resulted in five levels of digestible methionine (0.266, 0.294, 0.322, 0.350, and 0.378 %). Performance, serological blood, histopathology and histomorphometry data were evaluated. Quadratic responses were observed for final live weight (p < 0.0143), weight gain (p < 0.0073), feed conversion ratio (p < 0.0058), glycogen deposition in the liver (p < 0.0001), gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme activity (p < 0.0008), and villus height (p < 0.0024) with digestible dMet levels. In conclusion, the use of 0.343 % dMet, corresponding to a dMet:dLys ratio 55, is recommended for white-egg pullets from 7 to 12 weeks of age.

Effect of scent leaf meal (Ocimum gratissimum) supplementation on performance, carcass and meat quality of broiler chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Olumide ◽  
A. S. Akintola
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to determine the effect of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal supplementation on the performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chicken. One hundred and fifty day old Abhor Acre strains of broiler birds were assigned to five dietary treatments with thirty birds per treatment in a completely randomized design. Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal at 0g, 100g, 200g, 300g and 400g per 100kg of feed was added to the diets. The experiment lasted for seven weeks. Data on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were collected. Two birds per replicate were randomly selected, weighed, slaughtered and properly dressed for carcass parameters such as live weight, plucked weight, dressing percentage, head, neck, wing weight, thigh weight, drumstick, organ weight and sensory evaluation was carried out. The result of the performance characteristics showed that there were significant differences (p

EFFECTS OF AGE AT PHOTOPERIOD CHANGE AND DIETARY PROTEIN ON PERFORMANCES OF FOUR DWARF MATERNAL MEAT PARENT GENOTYPES AND THEIR BROILER CHICKEN PROGENY

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN ◽  
K. B. McRAE
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A factorial experiment was conducted with 3030 chickens of four maternal dwarf genotypes mated with normal males to estimate the effects of age at a photoperiod change from 8 to 12 h (daily) at 140 or 154 days, and two levels of dietary protein (15 or 17%) on general performance, incidence of Fatty Liver Syndrome and monetary returns. Three of the four maternal genotypes performed similarly for most traits measured but one genotype exhibited better feed efficency of egg production, produced more eggs and, although the eggs were smaller resulted in the highest monetary returns. Delaying the increase in photoperiod change retarded sexual maturity and reduced egg weight at 203 days and egg specific gravity at 406 days. The 17% protein diet improved egg production (including hatching eggs), feed efficiency of egg production, egg weights; and female body weights at 154 and 446 days of age were also heavier. Dietary protein levels had no effect on mortality (P > 0.05). Mean monetary returns from the sale of table eggs, hatching eggs and salvage meat in excess of the costs of day-old breeder stock and feed, averaged $1.07 more per bird fed the 17% diet. The progeny test revealed significant differences among genotypes for male mortality, male and female body weights, and feed conversion; however, monetary returns over feed and chick cost were similar. The time of change in photoperiod and dietary treatments had no significant effect on the overall performance of broiler progeny but there was a genotype × parental diet interaction for 43 day female body weights. Key words: Dwarfs, meat breeders, hens, broilers, photoperiods, diets

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN TEPUNG LIMBAH LABU KUNING DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI AYAM RAS PETELUR

ZOOTEC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Devis F. Komalig ◽  
Jein Rinny Leke ◽  
J. Laihat ◽  
C. Sarajar
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

THE EFFECT OF PUMPKIN WASTE MEAL IN LAYING HEN FEED ON PERFORMANS PRODUCTION. This research was to find out the use of pumpkin waste meal on performance in the production of laying hens. The purpose of this research was to observe the effect of the use of pumpkin waste meal performance in the production of feed for laying hens. A total of 100 MB 402 laying hens from 42 week of age were randomly alloted to four dietary treatments with 5 replication groups of 4 hens. Dietary treatment were; basal diet (R0), basal diet 98% + 2% WCP (R1), basal diet 96% + 4% WCP (R2), basal diet 94% + 6% WCP (R3), basal diet 92% + 8% WCP (R4). The variable were the feed Consumption, hen day production, feed conversion. Data was analyzed with completely randomized Design ( CRD ). The addition of in the feed was not influenced significantly (P > 0,05) to the feed consumption, hen day production, feed conversion. Based on the research that is done it can be concluted that the use of waste carrot pumpkins in the feed at the level of 8% show no significantly different result on the feed consumption, hen day production, feed conversion. Keyword : Pumpkin waste meal, performance laying hens, performance of production

scholarly journals Short Communication. Sodium chloride levels in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fingerling feeds free of fish meal

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. e06SC01-e06SC01
Author(s):  
Natalia C. Aguiar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Average Weight Gain

Aim of study: To evaluate the effects of increasing NaCl levels on the zootechnical performance of pacu fingerling. Area of study: The experiments were conducted at the Aquatic Organism Production and Reproduction Systems Laboratory belonging to the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), in the Palotina Sector, Paraná Estate, Brazil. Material and methods: Seven hundred and fifty fingerlings with an average weight of 3.41 ± 0.09 g were distributed in circular boxes, in a completely randomized design consisting of six treatments and five replications. Treatments comprised soybean- and maize-based diets containing increasing levels of NaCl (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25%). The experiments were conducted for 50 days. At the end of the experimental period the fish were fasted for 24 hours, anesthetized, weighed and measured to calculate zootechnical performances. Performance data were subjected to an analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test when significant differences were found between the means (p<0.05). Main results: The influence (p<0.05) of dietary NaCl levels on final weight, feed intake, apparent feed conversion, specific growth rate, average weight gain, clean trunk production, head carcass yield, headless carcass yield, feed intake and survival was assessed. The results indicate that non-salt treated fingerlings along with the 0.25% salt inclusion treatment led to better feed use, as evidenced by apparent feed conversions of 1.64 and 2.02, respectively. Research highlights: The inclusion of NaCl in pacu fingerling soybean and maize-based diets is not recommended.

scholarly journals Performance of the nile tilapia with varying daily feeding amounts, using a commercial diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glacio Souza Araujo ◽  
Rafael Lustosa Maciel ◽  
Thales da Silva Moreira ◽  
Jefferson Pablo de Sousa Saboya ◽  
Renato Teixeira Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Daily Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Daily Feeding ◽  
Randomized Design

In order to evaluate the performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), daily feeding amounts were varied in an experiment following a completely randomized design for 154 days and consisting of four treatments with three replications each, totaling 12 tanks with 3 m3 (3 x 1 x 1 m) of area each at densities of 5 fish m-3 (initial) and 3 fish m-3 until the end of the experiment. Throughout the experimental period, the daily amount of feed was varied and delimited for each feeding time (8h00, 11h00, 14h00 and 17h00) as: 25; 25; 25 and 25% in daily treatment 1 - T1; 20; 30; 30 and 20% in treatment 2 - T2; 30; 20; 20 and 30% in daily treatment 3 - T3; and 20; 30; 20 and 30% in treatment 4 - T4. Feed was offered six days a week, with extruded isocaloric (1,412 KJ) and isoproteic (32% crude protein) diets from 2 to 4 mm. Every two weeks, a sample containing 30% of stocked individuals was collected in each replication to monitor fish growth. Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) fed in daily amounts of 20; 30; 20 and 30% showed a better growth performance in the final of experiment, mainly on biomass, final average weight and feed conversion.

scholarly journals Evaluación De Tres Niveles De Mananos Oligosacáridos (Sacharomices Cerevisae) En Los Parámetros Productivos Y Salud Intestinal En Pollos De Engorde En El Cantón Babahoyo, Provincia De Los Ríos, Ecuador

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ricardo Zambrano Moreira ◽  
Juan Carlos Gómez Villalva ◽  
Johns Rodríguez Álava ◽  
Hugo Alvarado Álvarez ◽  
Luis Quezada Gallardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Intestinal Villi ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this research was to evaluate different levels of mannans oligosaccharides (MOs) in productive parameters and intestinal health in broilers. Two hundred and forty one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308 line) were used during a 6-week experimental period. A completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates was used. The evaluated levels were 0.0 kg t-1 (T0); 0.5 kg t-1 (T 1); 1 kg t-1 (T2) and 1.5 kg t-1 (T3). For the mean comparisons, a Tukey test (P≤0.05) was used. The source of oligosaccharide mannans derived from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and it was added to the commercial balanced feed. Productive parameters, intestinal villi and economic performance (costbenefit) were evaluated. The data was analyzed with the statistical program SAS V9 (2012). At 42 days of the test, T2 reached the highest average weight of 2455.48 g. For feed consumption, the mean average for T0, T1, T3 and T2 were 4342.63 g, 4304.5 g, 4254.32 g and 4216.80 g respectively. T2 had higher weight gain compare to the control group, 535.70 and 388.84 g, respectively. Feed conversion was higher for T2 (1.71) compared to the control group (1.85). T1 obtained had a carcass yield of 75.89%. Mortality did not show significant differences (P≥ 0.05). Length and width (μm) of the intestinal villi were different (P≤0.05) among treatments, at 21 days of, T3 showed the longest (1939.74 μm) and widest (326.03 μm) measures at the duodenum site. The economic analysis, all the treatments were profitable results, although T1 had the highest cost-benefits ($ 1.30).

scholarly journals Performance of broiler chickens fed graded dietary levels of toasted jackfruit seed meal (Artocarpus heterophyllus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
A. S. Eburuaja ◽  
R. S. Onabanjo ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
U. S. Ukenye
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Cost

Effect of toasted jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seed meal (TJSM) on performance of 120 2 weeks old broiler chickens was investigated. The birds were divided into four dietary treatments having 3 replicates and 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. Diet one (T) was soybean based while toasted JFSM meal was added to diets 2 (T), 3 (T) 1 2 3 and 4 (T) at 5, 10 and 15% levels of inclusion, respectively. Growth performance was 4 generally depressed with increased inclusion of toasted JFSM in the diets. Feed conversion ratio of birds fed T and T were the same and significantly better (P>0.05) than those of the 1 2 remaining treatment groups. Birds fed T had significantly higher values of live weight, 1 dressed weight and dressing percentage followed by birds fed T. The prime cut parts were 2 similar in all the treatment groups. Organ proportions showed no significant differences across the treatment groups except the spleen. Cost per kg feed decreased with increased inclusion of TJSM. The cost of feed consumed was higher (P>0.05) in T (531.29) but 1 decreased with increased inclusion of TJSM. The cost per kg weight gain, cost of production and revenue were similar across the treatment groups with birds fed T significantly higher 1 (P>0.05) than the remaining treatment groups. The gross margin obtained for birds fed T 1 and T are comparable and higher than other treatment groups. From the foregoing TJFSM is 2 a potential feed resource and could be included in the diet of broiler chickens up to 5% inclusion level.

Dietary N and P levels, effluent water characteristics and performance in rainbow trout

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lanari ◽  
E. d'Agaro ◽  
R. Ballestrazzi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Feed Utilisation ◽  
And Performance

Two trials with rainbow trout have been performed to study the effect of dietary protein and phosphorus levels on growth rate and N and P balance. In the first trial, 702 rainbow trout (RT) (106.4 ± 1.26 g initial live weight) were fed for 86 days with three diets with the same ether extract (EE) content [20.45 % dry matter (DM)] but differing in protein and P content: [(36.7, 0.86 (A); 39.0, 0.97 (B) and 43.0%, 1.04% DM (C)]. Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) were 0.94 and 1.31; 0.98 and 1.27; 1.05 and 1.17, respectively for treatments A, B and C. Feeding level significantly influenced SGR but not FCE. Nitrogen released into the environment was 46.0, 47.6 and 49.7 kg/t of fish produced for diets A, B and C respectively with no significant differences between treatments. P released into the environment was significantly lower with diet A (6.5 kg/t fish produced vs 7.5 and 7.6 with diets B and C). In the second trial, 360 RT (175 ± 2.5 g initial live weight) were fed 3 extruded diets at 0.94% live weight/d for 56 days. Each diet contained 28% EE and 39.4 (D), 42.0 (E) or 45.0 (F) % crude protein (CP). SGR and FCE increased significantly as dietary protein increased (1.03 and 0.94; 1.07 and 0.90; 1.15 and 0.84, respectively for treatments D, E and F, P &lt; 0.05). N load in the effluents was not affected by dietary treatment (D: 29.9, E: 29.8 and F: 29.1 kg/t) whereas P load per t produced fell from diet E to F (D: 7.3, E: 6.7 and F: 5.9 kg, P &lt; 0.05). The results of these experiments where food intake was restricted showed that the dietary level of N and P play an important role in determining the effluent load of these nutrients. At the same time, extrusion is a valid means of controlling N and P discharge, favourably improving growth rate, feed utilisation and gross protein retention.

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