scholarly journals Effect of <i>SCD</i> SNPs on milk production traits of Jersey cows (Brief Report)

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kulig ◽  
I. Kowalewska-Łuczak ◽  
M. Kmieć
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
Jersey Cows

Abstract. Studies concerning associations between candidate gene polymorphisms and milk production traits in cattle are carried out on a large scale (CITEK et al. 2007, KULIG 2005). Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is the enzyme involved in conversion of saturated fatty acids into monounsaturated fatty acids. The gene encoding SCD was mapped to bovine chromosome 26 (CAMPBELL et al. 2001), where some QTLs for fat yield and other milk production traits as well as for somatic cells count (SCC) were also identified. Some of the SNPs identified within the SCD were significantly associated with fatty acid composition in milk and in carcass fat tissue (MOIOLI et al. 2007, TANIGUCHI et al. 2004). The effect of genotypes on milk production traits and SCC in cattle has not been reported so far. The aim of this study was therefore to establish possible associations between two SNPs in the SCD and milk production traits and SCC in Jersey cows.

scholarly journals Association Between a Polymorphism at the Stearoyl CoA Desaturase Locus and Milk Production Traits in Italian Holsteins

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 3184-3189 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.P.P. Macciotta ◽  
M. Mele ◽  
G. Conte ◽  
A. Serra ◽  
M. Cassandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

scholarly journals Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 as a Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Tracz-Gaszewska ◽  
Pawel Dobrzyn
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cancer Aggressiveness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
Poor Outcomes

A distinctive feature of cancer cells of various origins involves alterations of the composition of lipids, with significant enrichment in monounsaturated fatty acids. These molecules, in addition to being structural components of newly formed cell membranes of intensely proliferating cancer cells, support tumorigenic signaling. An increase in the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), the enzyme that converts saturated fatty acids to ∆9-monounsaturated fatty acids, has been observed in a wide range of cancer cells, and this increase is correlated with cancer aggressiveness and poor outcomes for patients. Studies have demonstrated the involvement of SCD1 in the promotion of cancer cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, and tumor growth. Many studies have reported a role for this lipogenic factor in maintaining the characteristics of cancer stem cells (i.e., the population of cells that contributes to cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy). Importantly, both the products of SCD1 activity and its direct impact on tumorigenic pathways have been demonstrated. Based on these findings, SCD1 appears to be a significant player in the development of malignant disease and may be a promising target for anticancer therapy. Numerous chemical compounds that exert inhibitory effects on SCD1 have been developed and preclinically tested. The present review summarizes our current knowledge of the ways in which SCD1 contributes to the progression of cancer and discusses opportunities and challenges of using SCD1 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.

scholarly journals Associations between the bovine PPARGC1A gene and milk production traits

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kowalewska-Łuczak ◽  
H. Kulig ◽  
M. Kmieć
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Common Haplotype ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Jersey Cows

The aim of this study was to investigate associations between PPARGC1A genotypes and haplotypes and milk production traits. The study included 181 Jersey cows. The genotypes were identified by the PCR-RFLP method. The frequencies of the most common alleles were as follows: T &ndash; 0.63 (c.1892T&gt;C) and A &ndash; 0.88 (c.3359A&gt;C). The frequency of the most common haplotype was TC/AA &ndash; 0.558. The results showed that there were no statistically significant associations between the individual genotypes of both SNPs and milk traits; however, individuals with the CC/AC haplotype produced significantly (P &le; 0.05; P &le; 0.001) less milk and had a significantly (P &le; 0.001) higher protein content in milk.

Role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 in skeletal muscle function and metabolism

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (7) ◽  
pp. E767-E775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis D. Stamatikos ◽  
Chad M. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Lipid ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
Scd1 Expression

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) converts saturated fatty acids (SFA) into monounsaturated fatty acids and is necessary for proper liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle lipid metabolism. While there is a wealth of information regarding SCD1 expression in the liver, research on its effect in skeletal muscle is scarce. Furthermore, the majority of information about its role is derived from global knockout mice, which are known to be hypermetabolic and fail to accumulate SCD1's substrate, SFA. We now know that SCD1 expression is important in regulating lipid bilayer fluidity, increasing triglyceride formation, and enabling lipogenesis and may protect against SFA-induced lipotoxicity. Exercise has been shown to increase SCD1 expression, which may contribute to an increase in intramyocellular triglyceride at the expense of free fatty acids and diacylglycerol. This review is intended to define the role of SCD1 in skeletal muscle and discuss the potential benefits of its activity in the context of lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, exercise training, and obesity.

scholarly journals Sequential dynamics of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1(SCD1) /ligand binding and unbinding mechanism: A computational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna B. Petroff ◽  
Rebecca L. Weir ◽  
Charles R. Yates ◽  
Joseph D. Ng ◽  
Jerome Baudry
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein ◽  
Metabolic Protein ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
Dynamic Series

AbstractStearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1 or delta-9 desaturase, D9D) is a key metabolic protein that modulates cellular inflammation and stress, but overactivity of SCD1 is associated with diseases including cancer and metabolic syndrome. This transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum protein converts saturated fatty acids into monounsaturated fatty acids, primarily stearoyl-CoA into oleoyl-CoA, which are critical products for energy metabolism and membrane composition. The present computational molecular dynamics study characterizes the molecular dynamics of SCD1 with substrate, product, and as apoprotein. The modeling of SCD1:fatty acid interactions suggests that 1) SCD1:CoA moiety interactions open the substrate binding tunnel, 2) SCD1 stabilizes a substrate conformation favorable for desaturation, and 3) SCD1:product interactions result in an opening of the tunnel, possibly allowing product exit into the surrounding membrane. Together, these results describe a highly dynamic series of SCD1 conformations resulting from the enzyme:cofactor:substrate interplay that inform drug-discovery efforts.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms of SORBS1 Gene and Their Correlation with Milk Fat Traits of Cattleyak

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3461
Author(s):  
Luyu Yang ◽  
Xingyu Min ◽  
Yanjin Zhu ◽  
Yulei Hu ◽  
Manzhen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to find the SNPs in the SORBS1 gene of cattleyak, analyze the relationship between its polymorphisms and the milk fat traits, and find potential molecular markers for the milk fat traits of cattleyak. The polymorphism of the SORBS1 gene in 350 cattleyak from Hongyuan County (Sichuan, China) were detected by PCR and DNA sequencing, and the correlation between these SNPs and the milk production traits of cattleyak was analyzed. The results showed that there were nine SNPs in the CDS and their adjacent non-coding regions of the SORBS1 gene, and all SNPs have three genotypes. The correlation analysis found that the genotypes with superior milk fat traits in the other eight alleles were homozygous genotypes with a high genotype frequency except the g.96284 G > A (c.3090 G > A) (p < 0.05). However, at locus g.96284 G > A, the milk fat percentage, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the GA genotype were significantly higher than that of GG and AA genotypes (p < 0.05). Among these SNPs, three SNPs (g.6256 C > T (c.298 C > T), g.24791 A > G (c.706 A > G) and g.29121 A > G (c.979 A > G)) caused the amino acids change. The genotypes of the three SNPs consist of three haplotypes and four diplotypes. The amino acid mutation degree of diplotype H1–H1 (CCAAAA) was the highest, and its milk fat percentage, MUFAs, PUFAs and SFAs were also the highest (p < 0.05). Taken together, we found nine SNPs in the SORBS1 gene that are closely related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak. Moreover, the mutation of amino acids caused by SNPs had positive effects on the milk fat traits of cattleyak. H1-H1 is the dominant diplotype which significantly related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak. This study provides a new molecular marker and theoretical basis for screening the milk fat traits of cattleyak.

Induction of stearoyl-CoA desaturase protects human arterial endothelial cells against lipotoxicity

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. E339-E349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Peter ◽  
Cora Weigert ◽  
Harald Staiger ◽  
Kilian Rittig ◽  
Alexander Cegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
Arterial Endothelial Cells

Endothelial lipotoxicity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple stages of cardiovascular disease from early endothelial dysfunction to manifest atherosclerosis and its complications. Saturated free fatty acids are the major inducers of endothelial cell apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines. In humans, the enzyme human stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (hSCD-1) is the limiting step of the desaturation of saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids. Since we could demonstrate the expression of SCD-1 in primary human arterial endothelial cells (HAECs), we aimed to prove a beneficial role of upregulated hSCD-1 expression. In contrast to other cells that are less susceptible to lipotoxicity, hSCD-1 was not upregulated in HAECs upon palmitate treatment. Following that, we could show that upregulation of hSCD-1 using the LXR activator TO-901317 in HAECs protects the cells against palmitate-induced lipotoxicity, cell apoptosis, and expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. Increased hSCD-1 activity was determined as increased C16:1/16:0 ratio and enhanced triglyceride storage in palmitate treated cells. The beneficial effect was clearly attributed to enhanced hSCD-1 activity. Overexpression of hSCD-1 blocked palmitate-induced cytotoxicity, and knockdown of hSCD-1 using siRNA abolished the protective effect of TO-901317 in HEK-293 cells. Additionally, inhibition of hSCD-1 with 10/12 CLA blocked the effect of TO-901317 on palmitate-induced lipotoxicity, cell apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokine induction in HAECs. We conclude that upregulation of hSCD-1 leads to a desaturation of saturated fatty acids and facilitates their esterification and storage, thereby preventing downstream effects of lipotoxicity in HAECs. These findings add a novel aspect to the atheroprotective actions of LXR activators in cardiovascular disease.

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