scholarly journals Effect of single and multiple pregnancies on performance of primiparous and multiparous cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sawa ◽  
M. Bogucki ◽  
M. Głowska
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Triplet Pregnancy ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract. Data on 393 002 parturitions and performance in the following production cycle were collected from the SYMLEK database for 145 457 Polish Holstein-Friesian cows representing the active population in the Pomorze and Kujawy regions. The animals first calved during 2000–2012 and were used or culled by the end of 2013. GLM and FREQ procedures of the SAS package were used for the statistical calculations. The frequency of twin and triplet births depended on the cow's age (0.64% in primiparous and 2.88% in multiparous cows), calving season (1.79% in winter, 2.41% in summer), previous lactation milk yield (increase of 2.15 to 3.73% with increasing milk production level), and year of calving of primiparous cows (increase from 0.43% during 2000–2003 to 0.78% during 2010–2012). Dams of twins were superior to dams of singles in terms of milk yield, but a significant difference was manifest only in multiparous cows. Despite the higher perinatal mortality of the twins and triplets (especially those born to primiparous cows), multiple pregnancy resulted in a greater number of calves born compared to single pregnancy. A negative effect of multiple pregnancies was a decrease in fertility, especially in multiparous cows (e.g. calving interval was longer by 18 days, reproductive rest period by 9 days, and service period by 10 days, while services per conception increased by 0.15). In addition, twin pregnancy (especially in heifers) and triplet pregnancy (especially in cows) considerably decreased chance of survival until the next calving.

Dichorionic Triamniotic Triplet Pregnancy Complicated by Twin Anemia Polycythemia Sequence: The Place of Fetal Therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thérèse H. Griersmith ◽  
Alison M. Fung ◽  
Susan P. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Unintended Consequence ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Triplet Pregnancy ◽  
Monochorionic Twins ◽  
Common Presentation

Monochorionic twins as part of a high order multiple pregnancy can be an unintended consequence of the increasingly common practice of blastocyst transfer for couples requiring in vitro fertilisation (IVF) for infertility. Dichorionic triamniotic (DCTA) triplets is the most common presentation, and these pregnancies are particularly high risk because of the additional risks associated with monochorionicity. Surveillance for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, including twin anemia polycythemia sequence, may be more difficult, and any intervention to treat the monochorionic pair needs to balance the proposed benefits against the risks posed to the unaffected singleton. Counseling of families with DCTA triplets is therefore complex. Here, we report a case of DCTA triplets, where the pregnancy was complicated by threatened preterm labour, and twin anemia polycythemia sequence (TAPS) was later diagnosed at 28 weeks. The TAPS was managed with a single intraperitoneal transfusion, enabling safe prolongation of the pregnancy for over 2 weeks until recurrence of TAPS and preterm labour supervened. Postnatal TAPS was confirmed, and all three infants were later discharged home at term corrected age, and were normal at follow-up. This case highlights that in utero therapy has an important role in multiple pregnancies of mixed chorionicity, and can achieve safe prolongation of pregnancy at critical gestations.

scholarly journals Risks and challenges in multiple pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4578
Author(s):  
Aditi Agarwal ◽  
Arti Sharma ◽  
Neeta Bansal ◽  
Neha Panwar ◽  
Shweta Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Triplet Pregnancy ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
Fetal Malformations

Because of breakthroughs in reproductive medicine, multiple pregnancies have become more common in the industrialized world. As a result, obstetric care for women with multiple pregnancies and neonatal care for the same has become more demanding. Multifetal pregnancies are linked to an elevated risk for both the mother and child. There is increased incidence of obstetric complications such as spontaneous abortion, hypertensive disorders, placenta previa, and fetal malformations. Perinatal outcome is also affected which is attributable to increased incidence of fetal complications like prematurity, congenital malformations, growth discordance and cord accidents. We are presenting 2 cases, one of MCMA twin pregnancy with fetal congenital anomaly and another of a triplet pregnancy and their perinatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Twin Pregnancies, Crown-rump Length and Birthweight Discordancy: The Influence of Chorionicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (09) ◽  
pp. 529-534
Author(s):  
Joana Sousa Nunes ◽  
Mário Sousa ◽  
Nuno Montenegro ◽  
Alexandra Matias
Keyword(s):  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Abstract Objective The purpose of the present study was to analyze the influence of chorionicity in the biometric parameters crown-rump length (CRL), birthweight (BW), crown-rump length discordancy (CRLD) and birthweight discordancy (BWD), determine the correlation between these latter two in cases of intertwin discordancy, and to analyze the influence of chronicity in the presence of these discordancies with clinical relevance (> 10% and > 15%, respectively). Methods The present study was a retrospective study based on the twin pregnancy database of the Centro Hospitalar S. João (2010–2015), including 486 fetuses among 66 monochorionic (MC) and 177 dichorionic gestations (DC). The inclusion criteria were multiple pregnancies with 2 fetuses and healthy twin gestations. The exclusion criteria were trichorionic gestations and pregnancies with inconclusive chorionicity, multiple pregnancy with ≥ 3 fetuses and pathological twin gestations. Results No statistically significant difference was found in BW (p = 0.09) and in its discordancy (p = 0.06) nor in CRL (p = 0.48) and its discordancy (p = 0.74) between MCs and DCs. Crown-rump length discordancy and birthweight discordancy were correlated by the regression line “BWD = 0.8864 x CRLD + 0.0743,” with r2  = 0.1599. Crown-rump length discordancy > 10% was found in 7.58% of monochorionic and in 13.56% of dichorionic twins. Birthweight discordancy > 15% was detected in 16.67% of monochorionic and in 31.64% of dichorionic twins. Conclusion No statistically significant influence of chorionicity was identified in both birthweight and birthweight discordancy, as in crown-rump length and crown-rump length discordancy. Birthweight discordancy was correlated to crown-rump length discordancy in 20% of cases.

The impact of the embryo quality on the risk of multiple pregnancies

Zygote ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-668
Author(s):  
Daniela Paes de Almeida Ferreira Braga ◽  
Amanda S. Setti ◽  
Rita de Cássia S. Figueira ◽  
Assumpto Iaconelli ◽  
Edson Borges
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Day 3 Embryo ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy Rate

SummaryThe aim of the present study was to determine the chance of pregnancy and the risk of multiple pregnancies taking into account the number and quality of transferred embryos in patients >36 years old or ≤36 years old. For this study, 1497 patients undergoing intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles in a private assisted reproduction centre were split into groups according to the number and quality of the transferred embryos on the third or fifth day of development. The pregnancy rate and multiple pregnancy rate were compared between the embryo quality groups in patients <36 years old or ≥36 years old. In patients <36 years old, for the day 3 embryo transfer, no significant difference was noted in the pregnancy rate when the groups were compared. However the multiple pregnancy rate was increased by the transfer of an extra low-quality embryo (17.1 versus 28.2%, P = 0.020). For day 5 embryo transfer, the transfer of an extra blastocyst significantly increased the pregnancy rate (36.0 versus 42.4%, P < 0.001) and the multiple pregnancy rate (4.4 versus 16.9%, P < 0.001). In older patients, no significant difference was noted in the pregnancy rate when the groups were compared. However, when an extra low-quality embryo was transferred, a significantly increased rate of multiple pregnancies was observed for day 3 (18.2 versus 26.4%, P = 0.049) and day 5 embryo transfers (5.2 versus 16.1%, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the transfer of an extra low-quality embryo may increase the risk of a multiple pregnancy. In younger patients, the transfer of an extra low-quality blastocyst may also increase the chance of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Recovery of second trimester pre-eclampsia after fetal reduction of a triplet

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e227667
Author(s):  
Jeske M bij de Weg ◽  
Christianne J de Groot ◽  
Eva Pajkrt ◽  
Marjon A de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Triplet Pregnancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy ◽  
Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction

Women with a multiple pregnancy are at increased risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We describe a case of a dichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy complicated by severe hypertension, proteinuria and maternal symptoms, fitting with the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia, apart from the early gestational age of only 16 weeks. After reduction of the monochorionic pair, the disease resolved and pre-eclampsia was diagnosed again at 30 weeks of gestation, resulting in a delivery on maternal indication at 33 weeks of gestation. In a review of the literature, we found six papers including eight cases on multifetal pregnancy reduction on maternal indication. Multifetal pregnancy reduction resulted in a prolongation of pregnancy of two to 21 weeks and may be considered in extreme early onset pre-eclampsia in dichorionic multiple pregnancies.

scholarly journals Factors affecting elective cesarean section in women with multiple pregnancy in Caruban, Indonesia

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1481
Author(s):  
Muhammad Pradhiki Mahindra ◽  
Mahendra Tri Arif Sampurna ◽  
Muhammad Pradhika Mapindra ◽  
Apriska Mega Sutowo Putri ◽  
Aries Krisbiyantoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Vaginal Birth ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Caesarean sections have become the most popular method for delivering twin babies because of the safety concerns associated with a natural birth. This study aims to identify the maternal characteristics and obstetric parameters that serve as risk factors influencing caesarean delivery in twin pregnancies by comparing women delivering via caesarean section and vaginal birth. Methods: A retrospective chart review design was used to analyse 47 women with multiple pregnancies from the medical records at a primary referral hospital in East Java, Indonesia. Women delivering vaginally were then compared with women who underwent a caesarean section to identify any differences between the groups. Results: More women delivered by caesarean section than by vaginal birth. In this study, women were more likely to undergo a caesarean section if they had a previous history of undergoing a caesarean section or if there were no foetal malpresentations during their pregnancy. There was a significant difference in maternal age between groups. We found that foetal malpresentation did not significantly increase the likelihood of caesarean delivery in women with multiple pregnancies. Conclusions: The percentage of multiple pregnancies delivered via caesarean section is quite high. Similar to previous studies, we identified a few factors including foetal malpresentation and labour augmentation that did not significantly increase the risk of caesarean delivery. However, we suggest that there is more than one reason responsible for the increase in caesarean sections in multiple pregnancies.

scholarly journals Reproduction performance of cows with single, twin and triplet calves

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sawa ◽  
Mariusz Bogucki ◽  
Sylwia Krężel-Czopek
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

The aim of this study was to analyse data on 74,081 calvings, subsequent lactation performance and culling of 23,588 Black-and-White cows improved with Holstein-Friesians. The animals represented the active population in Pomerania and Kujavia, first calved in 2000 and 2001, and were culled before the end of 2008. Frequency of calvings, which averaged 1.5% for twin births and just 0.02% for triplet births, increased with age of cow and also with increasing milk yield in the preceding lactation. Performance results showed that mothers of twins were superior to mothers of single calves in terms of milk yield (1.3 kg milk/day milking). Despite the greater perinatal mortality of twins and triplets, multiple pregnancies gave rise to a greater number of calves compared to single pregnancies. However, multiple pregnancies were accompanied by adverse effects such as increased proportion of complications requiring human assistance, mechanical assistance and veterinary intervention (1.2 × more). Fertility of the cows deteriorated after multiple pregnancies, with particularly unfavourable indicators of fertility found for triplet births, decreased chance of survival to the next calving, and increased culling rates in cows, especially due to udder diseases, infertility, reproductive diseases, old age, metabolic and gastrointestinal diseases, and locomotor system diseases. It was found that the increasing milk yield was paralleled by the increasing proportion of multiple pregnancies. This has highlighted the need for early and reliable diagnosis and management of twin pregnancies, which is supposed to facilitate parturition and ensure survival of calves.

scholarly journals Dry period length and performance of cows in the subsequent production cycle

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sawa ◽  
M. Bogucki ◽  
W. Neja
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Physical Defects ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract. The effect of dry period length on performance in the next production cycle was investigated in the active population of cows from the Pomerania and Kuyavia regions of Poland. Dry length period of the cows was calculated and classified (0, 1–20, 21–40, 41–60, 61–80, 81–100, >100 days). The GLM, FREQ and CORR PEARSON procedures of the SAS package 9.1 were used in the statistical calculations. The problem of dry period length was found to be debatable. A dry period of 40–60 days would be the most favourable in terms of milk, fat and protein yield in the next lactation, the course of parturition and the proportion of calves born alive, and a dry period of 21–60 days would be the most beneficial in terms of the proportion of cows surviving the next production cycle. Extending or shortening the standard dry period of 40–60 days by 20 days causes a slight decrease in performance determined by the above parameters, whereas extending and especially shortening the dry period by another 20 days, or the absence of a dry period, have a severely negative effect. Compared to cows that had been dry for 40–60 days, the cows whose calving was not preceded by a dry period had lower lactation yield (by 25 % for milk, by 24 % for fat and by 20 % for protein), lower daily milk yield (by 22 %), were significantly more prone to miscarriage, and more frequently gave birth to dead calves, calves with physical defects or grossly malformed calves. Too long a dry period (beyond 100 days) may carry a risk of higher culling levels in the herd, shorter lactations, health abnormalities, and poorer reproductive performance.

Delayed interval delivery of the second and third fetuses in multiple pregnancy triplet (Сase report)

2016 ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Y. Dubossarskaya ◽  
◽  
L. Padalko ◽  
L. Zakharchenko ◽  
E. Savel’eva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Triplet Pregnancy ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Perinatal Center ◽  
Delayed Interval Delivery

This article describes a clinical case of vaginal delivery in nulliparous women 24 years old delayed interval delivery of the second and third fetuses in spontaneous multiple pregnancy dichorionic triamniotic triplet in a tertiary perinatal center. After preterm delivery in 27+5 weeks of gestation the first fetus to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality of two fetuses that are left in the uterus, with informed consent of the woman preterm delivery the second and third fetuses occurred at intervals of 38 days, in 33+1 weeks of gestation. Careful monitoring of the state of the mother and fetuses was conducted. To increase the interval between the birth of the first fetus and the second and the third fetuses, prevention of obstetric and perinatal complications used tocolysis, antibiotics, progesterone, the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn by corticosteroids and bed rest. Three girls were born alive with a weight of 980, 1800 and 1950 grams correspondingly. Childbirth complicated second degree perineal laceration and retained portions of placenta and membranes, puerperal period was uneventful. After 1.5 months, all infants discharged with her mother in a satisfactory condition with a weight of more than 3000 grams. Key words: multiple pregnancy, triplet pregnancy, delayed interval delivery in triplet pregnancy, preterm delivery.

Pengaruh Luka Iris Pada Tikus Dengan Paparan Hidrogen Peroxida 3% terhadap Epitelisasi dan Pembentukan Eksudat pada Permukaan Epitel Kulit.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
HARMAN AGUSAPUTRA ◽  
MARIA SUGENG ◽  
AYLY SOEKAMTO ◽  
ATIK WULANDARI
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Delayed Wound Healing ◽  
Peroxide Group ◽  
Hemostatic Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Wound Healing Effect ◽  
Epithelial Growth

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong>Background:</strong> Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) as antiseptic has been used frequently to clean woundsin in hospitals and clinics. Hydrogen peroxide has the effectof strong oxidative that can kill pathogens. It can clean up debris and necrotic tissuesin wounds. Hydrogen peroxidealso has hemostatic effect that can help to stop bleeding. Besides antiseptic effects, hydrogen peroxide i s suspected of having negative effect in wound healing. Hydrogen peroxide presumably could cause delayed wound healing by exudate formation and delayed epithelial growth.</p><p><strong>Method</strong>: This study was conducted in the laboratory using 48 white mice that were divided into 2 groups. All the mice were purposely wounded. Afterwards in one group the wounds were clean up using hydrogen peroxide, while in the other group without hydrogen peroxide as control. The wounds of both groups were observed on day 1, day 3 and day 7. On day 1 and day 3, both groups did not show significant difference.</p><p><strong>R</strong><strong>esult</strong> : on day 7 showed that the wound healing in hydrogen peroxide group were delayed. Fifty percent of them had the formation of exudate and 62.5% of them showed delayed epithelial growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion </strong>: This study could show hydrogen peroxide as wound antiseptic has delayed wound healing effect.</p><p><strong>Keyword</strong>: hydrogen peroxide, wound healing</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document