scholarly journals Measurement report: Regional trends of stratospheric ozone evaluated using the MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles (MEGRIDOP)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria F. Sofieva ◽  
Monika Szelag ◽  
Johanna Tamminen ◽  
Erkki Kyrölä ◽  
Doug Degenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Longitudinal Structure ◽  
Gridded Dataset ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
Ozone Trends

Abstract. In this paper, we present the MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles (MEGRIDOP) in the stratosphere with a resolved longitudinal structure, which is derived from data by six limb and occultation satellite instruments: GOMOS, SCIAMACHY and MIPAS on Envisat, OSIRIS on Odin, OMPS on Suomi-NPP, and MLS on Aura. The merged dataset was generated as a contribution to the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Ozone project (Ozone_cci). The period of this merged time series of ozone profiles is from late 2001 until the end of 2018. The monthly mean gridded ozone profile dataset is provided in the altitude range from 10 to 50 km in bins of 10° latitude × 20° longitude. The merging is performed using deseasonalized anomalies. The created MEGRIDOP dataset can be used for analyses, which probe our understanding of stratospheric chemistry and dynamics. To illustrate some possible areas of applications, we created the climatology of ozone profiles with resolved longitudinal structure. We found zonal asymmetry/structures in the climatological ozone profiles at middle and high latitudes associated with the polar vortex. At Northern high latitudes, the amplitude of the seasonal cycle also has a longitudinal dependence. The MEGRIDOP dataset has been also used to evaluate regional vertically-resolved ozone trends in the stratosphere, including polar regions. It is found that stratospheric ozone trends exhibit longitudinal structures at Northern Hemisphere middle and high latitudes, with enhanced trends over Scandinavia and Atlantic region. This agrees well with previous analyses and might be due to changes in dynamic processed related to the Brewer-Dobson circulation.

scholarly journals Measurement report: regional trends of stratospheric ozone evaluated using the MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles (MEGRIDOP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 6707-6720
Author(s):  
Viktoria F. Sofieva ◽  
Monika Szeląg ◽  
Johanna Tamminen ◽  
Erkki Kyrölä ◽  
Doug Degenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Longitudinal Structure ◽  
Gridded Dataset ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
Ozone Trends

Abstract. In this paper, we present the MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles (MEGRIDOP) in the stratosphere with a resolved longitudinal structure, which is derived from data from six limb and occultation satellite instruments: GOMOS, SCIAMACHY and MIPAS on Envisat, OSIRIS on Odin, OMPS on Suomi-NPP, and MLS on Aura. The merged dataset was generated as a contribution to the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Ozone project (Ozone_cci). The period of this merged time series of ozone profiles is from late 2001 until the end of 2018. The monthly mean gridded ozone profile dataset is provided in the altitude range from 10 to 50 km in bins of 10∘ latitude × 20∘ longitude. The merging is performed using deseasonalized anomalies. The created MEGRIDOP dataset can be used for analyses that probe our understanding of stratospheric chemistry and dynamics. To illustrate some possible applications, we created a climatology of ozone profiles with resolved longitudinal structure. We found zonal asymmetry in the climatological ozone profiles at middle and high latitudes associated with the polar vortex. At northern high latitudes, the amplitude of the seasonal cycle also has a longitudinal dependence. The MEGRIDOP dataset has also been used to evaluate regional vertically resolved ozone trends in the stratosphere, including the polar regions. It is found that stratospheric ozone trends exhibit longitudinal structures at Northern Hemisphere middle and high latitudes, with enhanced trends over Scandinavia and the Atlantic region. This agrees well with previous analyses and might be due to changes in dynamical processes related to the Brewer–Dobson circulation.

scholarly journals Merged SAGE II, Ozone_cci and OMPS ozone profile dataset and evaluation of ozone trends in the stratosphere

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 12533-12552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria F. Sofieva ◽  
Erkki Kyrölä ◽  
Marko Laine ◽  
Johanna Tamminen ◽  
Doug Degenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
Ozone Trends ◽  
Stratospheric Cooling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. In this paper, we present a merged dataset of ozone profiles from several satellite instruments: SAGE II on ERBS, GOMOS, SCIAMACHY and MIPAS on Envisat, OSIRIS on Odin, ACE-FTS on SCISAT, and OMPS on Suomi-NPP. The merged dataset is created in the framework of the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (Ozone_cci) with the aim of analyzing stratospheric ozone trends. For the merged dataset, we used the latest versions of the original ozone datasets. The datasets from the individual instruments have been extensively validated and intercompared; only those datasets which are in good agreement, and do not exhibit significant drifts with respect to collocated ground-based observations and with respect to each other, are used for merging. The long-term SAGE–CCI–OMPS dataset is created by computation and merging of deseasonalized anomalies from individual instruments. The merged SAGE–CCI–OMPS dataset consists of deseasonalized anomalies of ozone in 10° latitude bands from 90° S to 90° N and from 10 to 50 km in steps of 1 km covering the period from October 1984 to July 2016. This newly created dataset is used for evaluating ozone trends in the stratosphere through multiple linear regression. Negative ozone trends in the upper stratosphere are observed before 1997 and positive trends are found after 1997. The upper stratospheric trends are statistically significant at midlatitudes and indicate ozone recovery, as expected from the decrease of stratospheric halogens that started in the middle of the 1990s and stratospheric cooling.

scholarly journals Merged SAGE II, Ozone_cci and OMPS ozone profiles dataset and evaluation of ozone trends in the stratosphere

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria F. Sofieva ◽  
Erkki Kyrölä ◽  
Marko Laine ◽  
Johanna Tamminen ◽  
Doug Degenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Ozone Trends ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. In this paper, we present a merged dataset of ozone profiles from several satellite instruments: SAGE II on ERBS, GOMOS, SCIAMACHY and MIPAS on Envisat, OSIRIS on Odin, ACE-FTS on SCISAT, and OMPS on Suomi-NPP. The merged dataset is created in the framework of European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (Ozone_cci) with the aim of analyzing stratospheric ozone trends. For the merged dataset, we used the latest versions of the original ozone datasets. The datasets from the individual instruments have been extensively validated and inter-compared; only those datasets, which are in good agreement and do not exhibit significant drifts with respect to collocated ground-based observations and with respect to each other, are used for merging. The long-term SAGE-CCI-OMPS dataset is created by computation and merging of deseasonalized anomalies from individual instruments. The merged SAGE-CCI-OMPS dataset consists of deseasonalized anomalies of ozone in 10° latitude bands from 90° S to 90° N and from 10 to 50 km in steps of 1 km covering the period from October 1984 to July 2016. This newly created dataset is used for evaluating ozone trends in the stratosphere through multiple linear regression. Negative ozone trends in the upper stratosphere are observed before 1997 and positive trends are found after 1997. The upper stratospheric trends are statistically significant at mid-latitudes in the upper stratosphere and indicate ozone recovery, as expected from the decrease of stratospheric halogens that started in the middle of the 1990s.

scholarly journals The Diurnal Variation in Stratospheric Ozone from MACC Reanalysis, ERA-Interim, WACCM, and Earth Observation Data: Characteristics and Intercomparison

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Ansgar Schanz ◽  
Klemens Hocke ◽  
Niklaus Kämpfer ◽  
Simon Chabrillat ◽  
Antje Inness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Free Running

In this study, we compare the diurnal variation in stratospheric ozone of the MACC (Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate) reanalysis, ECMWF Reanalysis Interim (ERA-Interim), and the free-running WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model). The diurnal variation of stratospheric ozone results from photochemical and dynamical processes depending on altitude, latitude, and season. MACC reanalysis and WACCM use similar chemistry modules and calculate a similar diurnal cycle in ozone when it is caused by a photochemical variation. The results of the two model systems are confirmed by observations of the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) experiment and three selected sites of the Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) at Mauna Loa, Hawaii (tropics), Bern, Switzerland (midlatitudes), and Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (high latitudes). On the other hand, the ozone product of ERA-Interim shows considerably less diurnal variation due to photochemical variations. The global maxima of diurnal variation occur at high latitudes in summer, e.g., near the Arctic NDACC site at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The local OZORAM radiometer observes this effect in good agreement with MACC reanalysis and WACCM. The sensed diurnal variation at Ny-Ålesund is up to 8% (0.4 ppmv) due to photochemical variations in summer and negligible during the dynamically dominated winter. However, when dynamics play a major role for the diurnal ozone variation as in the lower stratosphere (100–20 hPa), the reanalysis models ERA-Interim and MACC which assimilate data from radiosondes and satellites outperform the free-running WACCM. Such a domain is the Antarctic polar winter where a surprising novel feature of diurnal variation is indicated by MACC reanalysis and ERA-Interim at the edge of the polar vortex. This effect accounts for up to 8% (0.4 ppmv) in both model systems. In summary, MACC reanalysis provides a global description of the diurnal variation of stratospheric ozone caused by dynamics and photochemical variations. This is of high interest for ozone trend analysis and other research which is based on merged satellite data or measurements at different local time.

scholarly journals Analyzing ozone variations and uncertainties at high latitudes during Sudden Stratospheric Warming events using MERRA-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Bahramvash Shams ◽  
Von P. Walden ◽  
James W. Hannigan ◽  
William J. Randel ◽  
Irina V. Petropavlovskikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Sudden Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Total Column Ozone ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Stratospheric Dynamics ◽  
Zonal Average

Abstract. Stratospheric circulation is a critical part of the Arctic ozone cycle. Sudden stratospheric warming events (SSWs) manifest the strongest alteration of stratospheric dynamics. Changes in planetary wave propagation vigorously influence zonal mean zonal wind, temperature, and tracer concentrations in the stratosphere over the high latitudes. In this study, we examine six major SSWs from 2004 to 2020 using the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2). Using the unique density of observations around the Greenland sector at high latitudes, we perform comprehensive comparisons of high latitude observations with the MERRA-2 ozone dataset during the six major SSWs. Our results show that MERRA-2 captures the high variability of mid stratospheric ozone fluctuations during SSWs over high latitudes. However, larger uncertainties are observed in the lower stratosphere and troposphere. The zonally averaged stratospheric ozone shows a dramatic increase of 9–29 % in total column ozone (TCO) near the time of each SSW, which lasts up to two months. The SSWs exhibit a more significant impact on ozone over high northern latitudes when the polar vortex is mostly elongated as seen in 2009 and 2018 compared to the events in which the polar vortex is displaced towards Europe. The regional impact of SSWs over Greenland has a similar structure as the zonal average, however, exhibits more intense ozone anomalies which is reflected by 15–37 % increase in TCO. The influence of SSW on mid stratospheric ozone levels persists longer than their impact on temperature. This paper is focused on the increased (suppressed) wave activity before (after) the SSWs and their impact on ozone variability at high latitudes. This includes an investigation of the different terms of tracer continuity using MERRA-2 parameters, which emphasizes the key role of vertical advection on mid-stratospheric ozone during the SSWs.

scholarly journals Validation of the Aeolus Level-2B wind product over Northern Canada and the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Chun Chou ◽  
Paul J. Kushner ◽  
Stéphane Laroche ◽  
Zen Mariani ◽  
Peter Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Phase ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
Space Agency

Abstract. In August 2018, the European Space Agency launched the Aeolus satellite, whose Atmospheric LAser Doppler INstrument (ALADIN) is the first spaceborne Doppler wind lidar to regularly measure vertical profiles of horizontal line-of-sight (HLOS) winds with global sampling. This mission is intended to assess improvement to numerical weather prediction provided by wind observations in regions poorly constrained by atmospheric mass, such as the tropics, but also, potentially, in polar regions such as the Arctic where direct wind observations are especially sparse. There remain gaps in the evaluation of the Aeolus products over the Arctic region, which is the focus of this contribution. Here, an assessment of the Aeolus Level-2B wind product is carried out from measurement stations in Canada’s north, to the pan-Arctic, with Aeolus data being compared to Ka-band radar measurements at Iqaluit, Nunavut; to radiosonde measurements over Northern Canada; to Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC)’s short-range forecast; and to the reanalysis product, ERA5, from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Periods covered include the early phase during the first laser nominal flight model (FM-A; 2018-09 to 2018-10), the early phase during the second flight laser (FM-B; 2019-08 to 2019-09), and the mid-FM-B periods (2019-12 to 2020-01). The adjusted r-square between Aeolus and other local datasets are around 0.9, except for somewhat lower values in comparison with the ground-based radar, presumably due to limited sampling. This consistency degraded by about 10 % for the Rayleigh winds in the summer, presumably due to scattering from the solar background. Over the pan-Arctic, consistency, with correlation greater than 0.8, is found in the Mie channel from the planetary boundary layer to the lower stratosphere (near surface to 16 km a.g.l.) and in the Rayleigh channel from the troposphere to the stratosphere (2 km to 25 km a.g.l.). Zonal and meridional projections of the HLOS winds are separated to account for the systematic changes in HLOS winds arising from sampling wind components from different viewing orientations in the ascending and descending phases. In all cases, Aeolus standard deviations are found to be 20 % greater than those from ECCC-B and ERA5. We found that L2B estimated error product for Aeolus is coherent with the differences between Aeolus and the other datasets, and can be used as a guide for expected consistency. Thus, our work confirms the quality of the Aeolus dataset over the Arctic and shows that the new Aeolus L2B wind product provides a valuable addition to current wind products in regions such as the Arctic Ocean region where few direct wind observations have been available to date.

scholarly journals Simulation of the record Arctic stratospheric ozone depletion in 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens-Uwe Grooß ◽  
Rolf Müller
Keyword(s):  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Polar Stratosphere ◽  
Year 2000

<p>In Arctic winter/spring 2019/2020, the stratospheric temperatures  were exceptionally low until early April and the polar vortex was  very stable.  As a consequence, significant chemical ozone depletion  occurred in Northern polar regions in spring 2020.  Here, we present  simulations by the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere  (CLaMS) that address the development of chlorine compounds and  ozone in the polar stratosphere in 2020.  The simulation reproduces  relevant observations of ozone and chlorine compounds, as shown by  comparisons with data from Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), Atmospheric  Chemistry Experiment - Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS),  in-situ ozone sondes and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI).  Although the concentration of chlorine and bromine compounds in the  polar stratosphere has decreased by more than 10% compared to the  peak values around the year 2000, the meteorological conditions in  winter/spring 2019/2020 caused an unprecedented ozone depletion. The  simulated lowest ozone mixing ratio was around 0.05 ppmv and the  calculated partial ozone column depletion in the vortex core in the  lower stratosphere reached 141 Dobson Units between 350 and 600 K  potential temperature, which is more than the  loss in the years 2011 and 2016 which until 2020 had seen the  largest Arctic ozone depletion on record.</p>

Juno Diagnosis of Magnetospheric Dynamics at Jupiter with Energetic Neutral Atoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Mauk ◽  
George Clark ◽  
Frederic Allegrini ◽  
Fran Bagenal ◽  
Scott Bolton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Atom ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Icy Moons ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Orbiting Spacecraft ◽  
Proper Interpretation ◽  
Juno Mission

<p>Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) cameras on orbiting spacecraft at Earth and Saturn have helped greatly to diagnose these complex magnetospheres. Within this decade, the European Space Agency’s Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) mission will arrive at Jupiter and make ENA imaging a major thrust in helping to understand its complex magnetosphere. The present polar-orbiting Juno mission carries no ENA camera, but the energetic particle JEDI instrument is serendipitously sensitive to ENA’s with energies > 50 keV, provided there are no charged particles in the environment to mask their presence. Juno offers great service to the interpretation of both past and future ENA imaging with its orbit allowing unique viewing perspectives. Here we report on several components of ENA emissions that can probe the dynamical state of the regions involved, including the space environment of the orbit of Io, that of Europa, and Jupiter itself. A special focus here will be new observations of ENA emissions from Jupiter’s polar regions, the proper interpretation of which may end up being unique to the Juno mission, even after the JUICE mission.</p>

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Dobson and Brewer Umkehr ozone profile retrievals to ozone cross-sections and stray light effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1841-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Petropavlovskikh ◽  
R. Evans ◽  
G. McConville ◽  
S. Oltmans ◽  
D. Quincy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Stray Light ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
The World ◽  
Ozone Monitoring

Abstract. Remote sounding methods are used to derive ozone profile and column information from various ground-based and satellite measurements. Vertical ozone profiles measured in Dobson units (DU) are currently retrieved based on laboratory measurements of the ozone absorption cross-section spectrum between 270 and 400 nm published in 1985 by Bass and Paur (BP). Recently, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the European Space Agency (ESA) proposed using the set of ozone cross-section measurements made at the Daumont laboratory in 1992 (BDM) for revising the Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) satellite ozone profiles and total ozone column retrievals. Dobson Umkehr zenith sky data have been collected by NOAA ground-based stations at Boulder, CO (BDR) and Mauna Loa Observatory, HI (MLO) since the 1980s. The UMK04 algorithm is based on the BP ozone cross-section data. It is currently used for all Dobson Umkehr data processing submitted to the World Ozone and Ultraviolet radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) under the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) program of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Ozone profiles are also retrieved from measurements by the Mark IV Brewers operated by the NOAA-EPA Brewer Spectrophotometer UV and Ozone Network (NEUBrew) using a modified UMK04 algorithm (O3BUmkehr v.2.6, Martin Stanek). This paper describes the sensitivity of the Umkehr retrievals with respect to the proposed ozone cross-section changes. It is found that the ozone cross-section choice only minimally (within the retrieval accuracy) affects the Dobson and the Brewer Umkehr retrievals. On the other hand, significantly larger errors were found in the MLO and Boulder Umkehr ozone data (−8 and +5% bias in stratosphere and troposphere respectively) when the out-of-band (OOB) stray light contribution to the Umkehr measurement is not taken into account (correction is currently not included in the UMK04). The vertical distribution of OOB effect in the retrieved profile can be related to the local ozone climatology, instrument degradation, and optical characteristics of the instrument. Nonetheless, recurring OOB errors do not contribute to the long-term ozone trends.

scholarly journals Drift corrected Odin-OSIRIS ozone product: algorithm and updated stratospheric ozone trends

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam E. Bourassa ◽  
Chris Z. Roth ◽  
Daniel J. Zawada ◽  
Landon A. Rieger ◽  
Chris A. McLinden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Infrared Imager ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
Ozone Trends

Abstract. A small, long-term drift in the Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System (OSIRIS) stratospheric ozone product, manifested mostly since 2012, is quantified and attributed to a changing bias in the limb pointing knowledge of the instrument. A correction to this pointing drift using a predictable shape in the measured limb radiance profile is implemented and applied within the OSIRIS retrieval algorithm. This new data product, version 5.10, displays substantially better both long- and short-term agreement with MLS ozone throughout the stratosphere due to the pointing correction. Previously reported stratospheric ozone trends over the time period 1984–2013, which were derived by merging the altitude/number density ozone profile measurements from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II satellite instrument (1984–2005) and from OSIRIS (2002–2013) are recalculated using the new OSIRIS version 5.10 product, and extended to 2017. These results still show statistically significant positive trends throughout the upper stratosphere since 1997, but at weaker levels that are more closely in line with estimates from other data records.

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