scholarly journals Measurements of vertical electric field in a thunderstorm in a Chinese inland plateau

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 979-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinglong Zhang ◽  
Hai Yu ◽  
Fangcong Zhou ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Maohua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Atmospheric Electricity ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Weak Charge ◽  
Charge Densities ◽  
Vertical Electric Field ◽  
Mean Charge

Abstract. A balloon-borne instrument was designed to measure the electric field in thunderstorms. One case of thunderstorm was observed in the Pingliang region (35.57∘ N, 106.59∘ E; and 1620 m above sea level, a.s.l.) of a Chinese inland plateau, through penetration by the balloon-borne sounding in the early period of the mature stage. Results showed that the sounding passed through seven predominant charge regions. A negative charge region with a depth of 800 m located near the surface, and a positive charge region appeared in the warm cloud region; their mean charge densities were −0.44 ± 0.136 and 0.43 ± 0.103 nC m−3, respectively. Five charge regions existed in the region colder than 0 ∘C, and charge polarity alternated in a vertical direction with a positive charge at the lowest region. The mean charge densities for these five regions were 0.40±0.037 nC m−3 (−9.5 to −4 ∘C), -0.63±0.0107 nC m−3 (−18 to −14 ∘C), 0.35±0.063 nC m−3 (−27 to −18 ∘C), -0.36±0.057 nC m−3 (−34 to −27 ∘C), and 0.24±0.06 nC m−3 (−38 to −34 ∘C). We speculated that the two independent positive charge regions in the lower portion are the same charge region with a weak charge density layer in the middle. The analysis showed that the real charge structure of the thunderstorm is more complex than the tripole model, and the lower dipole is the most intensive charge region in the thunderstorm. Keywords. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (atmospheric electricity)

scholarly journals First in situ measurement of electric field fluctuations during strong spread F in the Indian zone

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. S. Sinha ◽  
S. Raizada
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Intermediate Scale ◽  
Radio Science ◽  
Ionospheric Physics ◽  
Vertical Electric Field ◽  
Field Fluctuations ◽  
Spread F

Abstract. An RH-560 rocket flight was conducted from Sriharikota rocket range (SHAR) (14°N, 80°E, dip 14°N) along with other experiments, as a part of equatorial spread F (ESF) campaign, to study the nature of irregularities in electric field and electron density. The rocket was launched at 2130 local time (LT) and it attained an apogee of 348 km. Results of vertical and horizontal electric field fluctuations are presented here. Scale sizes of electric field fluctuations were measured in the vertical direction only. Strong ESF irregularities were observed in three regions, viz., 160-190 km, 210-257 km and 290-330 km. Some of the valley region vertical electric field irregularities (at 165 km and 168 km), in the intermediate-scale size range, observed during this flight, show spectral peak at kilometer scales and can be interpreted in terms of the image striation theory suggested by Vickrey et al. The irregularities at 176 km do not exhibit any peak at kilometer scales and appear to be of a new type. Scale sizes of vertical electric field fluctuations showed a decrease with increasing altitude. The most prominent scales were of the order of a few kilometers around 170 km and a few hundred meters around 310 km. Spectra of intermediate-scale vertical electric field fluctuations below the base of the F region (210-257 km) showed a tendency to become slightly flatter (spectral index n = -2.1 ± 0.7) as compared to the valley region (n = -3.6 ± 0.8) and the region below the F peak (n = -2.8 ± 0.5). Correlation analysis of the electron density and vertical electric field fluctuations suggests the presence of a sheared flow of current in 160-330 km region.Keywords: Ionosphere (Electric fields and currents; ionospheric irregularities); Radio science (ionospheric physics)

scholarly journals Focused Patterning of Electrospun Nanofibers Using a Dielectric Guide Structure

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Byeongjun Lee ◽  
Younghyeon Song ◽  
Chan Park ◽  
Jungmin Kim ◽  
Jeongbeom Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Finite Elements ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Continuous Line ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Key Technology ◽  
Vertical Electric Field ◽  
Dielectric Guide

The patterning of electrospun fibers is a key technology applicable to various fields. This study reports a novel focused patterning method for electrospun nanofibers that uses a cylindrical dielectric guide. The finite elements method (FEM) was used to analyze the electric field focusing phenomenon and ground its explanation in established theory. The horizontal and vertical electric field strengths in the simulation are shown to be key factors in determining the spatial distribution of nanofibers. The experimental results demonstrate a relationship between the size of the cylindrical dielectric guide and that of the electrospun area accumulated in the collector. By concentrating the electric field, we were able to fabricate a pattern of less than 6 mm. The demonstration of continuous line and square patterning shows that the electrospun area can be well controlled. This novel patterning method can be used in a variety of applications, such as sensors, biomedical devices, batteries, and composites.

Reduced interfacial fluctuation leading enhanced mobility in a monolayer MoS2 DG FET under low vertical electric field

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (34) ◽  
pp. 345206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Ji ◽  
Hojoon Yi ◽  
Sakong Wonkil ◽  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Seong Chu Lim
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Monolayer Mos2 ◽  
Vertical Electric Field ◽  
Enhanced Mobility

Electric field-modulated data storage in bilayer InSe

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (46) ◽  
pp. 12228-12234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhui Yang ◽  
Baisheng Sa ◽  
Hongbing Zhan ◽  
Zhimei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Vertical Electric Field

A vertical electric field-modulated data storage device based on bilayer InSe.

Cause-and-effect relations between cosmic rays, electric field, aerosols and clouds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Stathopoulos ◽  
Stergios Misios ◽  
Konstantinos Kourtidis
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Electricity ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Development Education ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Global Coordination

<p>Here we examine the cause-and-effect relations between galactic cosmic rays, electric field, aerosols and clouds over a region of Atlantic Ocean, during a Forbush Decrease (FD) event on 07/12/2015, using Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM) method. For this purpose, we used FD data from the Neuron Monitor Database (NMDB), Potential Gradient data (PG) from Global Coordination of Atmospheric Electricity Measurements (GLOCAEM) and remote sensing data from MODIS/Aqua, namely Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm (AOD), Cloud Fraction (CF), Cloud Optical Thickness (COT), Cloud Top Pressure (CTP), Cirrus Reflectance (CR) and Cloud Effective Radius-Liquid (CERL). A cause-and-effect relation was found between FD and AOD, CERL, CF and PG, over the region. On the other hand, no causal effect was found between FD and COT, CTP and CR. This research is funded in the context of the project "Cosmic and electric effects on aerosols and clouds” (MIS: 5049552) under the call for proposals “Support for researchers with emphasis on young researchers - Cycle B” (EDULL 103). The project is co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Social Fund - ESF) by the Operational Programme Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning 2014-2020.</p>

scholarly journals Behaviors of the Molten Copper Slags in the Vertical Electric Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1704-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Huaiwei ◽  
Shi Xiaoyan ◽  
Zhang Bo ◽  
Hong Xin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Molten Copper ◽  
Vertical Electric Field
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