scholarly journals Performance of gender detection tools: a comparative study of name-to-gender inference services

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sebo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Good Compromise ◽  
Performance Of Gender ◽  
Gender Detection ◽  
Advanced Computer ◽  
Types Of Error

Objective: To evaluate the performance of gender detection tools that allow the uploading of files (e.g., Excel or CSV files) containing first names, are usable by researchers without advanced computer skills, and are at least partially free of charge.Methods: The study was conducted using four physician datasets (total number of physicians: 6,131; 50.3% female) from Switzerland, a multilingual country. Four gender detection tools met the inclusion criteria: three partially free (Gender API, NamSor, and genderize.io) and one completely free (Wiki-Gendersort). For each tool, we recorded the number of correct classifications (i.e., correct gender assigned to a name), misclassifications (i.e., wrong gender assigned to a name), and nonclassifications (i.e., no gender assigned). We computed three metrics: the proportion of misclassifications excluding nonclassifications (errorCodedWithoutNA), the proportion of nonclassifications (naCoded), and the proportion of misclassifications and nonclassifications (errorCoded).Results: The proportion of misclassifications was low for all four gender detection tools (errorCodedWithoutNA between 1.5 and 2.2%). By contrast, the proportion of unrecognized names (naCoded) varied: 0% for NamSor, 0.3% for Gender API, 4.5% for Wiki-Gendersort, and 16.4% for genderize.io. Using errorCoded, which penalizes both types of error equally, we obtained the following results: Gender API 1.8%, NamSor 2.0%, Wiki-Gendersort 6.6%, and genderize.io 17.7%.Conclusions: Gender API and NamSor were the most accurate tools. Genderize.io led to a high number of nonclassifications. Wiki-Gendersort may be a good compromise for researchers wishing to use a completely free tool. Other studies would be useful to evaluate the performance of these tools in other populations (e.g., Asian). 

Comparative Study Between Clean Intermittent Self-Catheterization (Cisc) and Continuous Indwelling Catheterization (Cidc) in Relieving Acute Refractory Retention of Urine Due to Benign Enlargement of Prostate (Bep)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Md Shawkat Alam ◽  
Sudip Das Gupta ◽  
Hadi Zia Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Saruar Alam ◽  
Sharif Muhammod Wasimuddin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acute Urinary Retention ◽  
Bladder Capacity ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Better Than

Objective: To compare the clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) with continuous indwelling catheterization (CIDC) in relieving acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign enlargement of prostate (BEP). Materials and Methods :A total 60 patients attending in urology department of Dhaka Medical college hospital were included according to inclusion criteria ,Patients were randomized by lottery into two groups namely group –A and group –B for CISC and IDC drainage respectively . Thus total 60 patients 30 in each group completed study. Results : Most men can safely be managed as out-patients after AUR due to BPH. The degree of mucosal congestion and inflammation within the bladder was found to be lower in those using CISC and the bladder capacity in these patients was also found higher.Patients with an IDC had a high incidence of UTIs then that of patients with CISC. During the period of catheterization the incidence of UTI was 43.3% in group B in comparison to 40% in group A; before TURP 36% in group B in comparison to 10% incidence in group A.According to patient’s opinion CISC is better than IDC in the management of AUR. Experiencing bladder spasm, reporting blood in urine, management difficulties, incidence and severity of pain were less in CISC group, and the method of CISC was well accepted by patients as well as their family members. Conclusion: From the current study it may be suggested that CISC is better technique for management of AUR patient due to BPH than IDC. It can also be very helpful when surgery must be delayed or avoided due to any reasons in this group of patients. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 2, July 2018 p.105-110

scholarly journals Measuring temperature in children, conveniently and accurately: a comparative study on different modalities of thermometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
Maha Lakshmi Jagatha ◽  
Preethi Tamilarasan ◽  
Kuppusamy Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Axillary Temperature ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infrared Thermometer

Background: Fever is one of the most common complaints in children in day-to-day practice. The pattern and grade of fever provide some evidence in determining the etiology of fever. Equally important is the identification and documentation of hypothermia in neonates. Hence there is need for an accurate thermometry mode, which should also be convenient to use in children.Methods: This was a cross-sectional observation study on all the neonates and children satisfying the inclusion criteria. Infrared forehead thermometer and digital axillary thermometer were used to record temperature and compared with Infrared tympanic temperature which was taken as gold standard.Results: A total of 240 neonates and children were evaluated. Strong positive correlation was observed between Means of Forehead Thermometer (FT) and Ear Thermometer (ET) with correlation coefficient of 0.777 and p value <0.001. Similar correlation was also observed with Axillary Temperature (AT) with correlation coefficient of 0.944 and p<0.001.Conclusions: Non-contact Infrared thermometer may be used in neonates and children without causing discomfort. It gives instant and comparable readings which are especially significant in the current coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic setting.

scholarly journals Teaching by Recycling; Transferring the Individually-Obtained Knowledge by a Single Student to All Other Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Sama’a Al Hashimi
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Online Tutorials ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Advanced Computer ◽  
Practice Of Teaching

In computer-based courses such as multimedia and digital design courses, being fully conversant with a computer application is almost unachievable within a single academic semester. Therefore, it is common for students to seek additional help and information from their lecturers either during office hours or through emails. It is also common for students to acquire skills from online tutorials, books, friends, or private tutors, which may cause the student to possess more advanced computer skills than others, including their lecturers. The knowledge that is individually acquired by the student from the teacher or from other sources is usually limited to that single learner. Therefore, this action research proposes a new teaching method; Teaching by Recycling (TBR) whereby the effort of teaching a single student is recycled into the practice of teaching all students together. The main aim is to transfer the individually-obtained knowledge from the teacher or from other sources to other students. This research explores the implications of TBR and investigates its effectiveness in augmenting the pedagogical efficiency and scope of teaching students individually through expanding this scope to include teaching all students collectively.

Effect of Kasisadi Taila in Dushta Vruna

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Mashetti
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
External Application ◽  
Indian Medicine

Wound healing may be the first treatment started as the medical science. Applying pressure with leaves or soil was the treatment to arrest bleeding. Quest for knowledge of primitive men led to many investigations and assumptions. Acharya Sushruta has dealt wound healing with more importance in his book. Vranas or wound healing is a natural process of a body, bacterias progressively develop resistance against the antibodies is the main problem faced by Modern Physicians. In wound healing local applications are more important than oral medicines. Dushta Vrana is a long standing wound with pus and slough, where slough and enabling drug to reach the healthy tissue is more important. Acharya Sushruta has indicated Kasisadi Taila in Dushta Vrana, external application of Kasisadi Taila helps in cleaning the wound and helps in easy healing. Kasisadi Taila prepared with Kasisa as the main ingredient in wound healing for its efficacy has been indicated in Sushruta Samhita, Sutrasthana 37th chapter, 16th verse. Jatyadi Taila is also used actively for cleaning the wounds, so a comparative study with Kasisadi Taila and Jatyadi Taila in Dushta Vrana was conducted at Shri Jayachamarajendra Institute of Indian Medicine, Bangalore. 20 cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected irrespective of age, sex and food habits. The duration of treatment was fixed to 7 weeks and results were assessed through the parameters like clinical features and reduction in the size of the Vrana. Final results prooved that Kasisadi Taila is better of the two Tailas and possessed with notable shodhana and Ropana effect.

scholarly journals Nursing Informatics Competency After Experiencing Simulated Electronic Health Records: Descriptive Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeeyae Choi ◽  
Lisa Bove ◽  
Valerie Tarte
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Clinical Informatics ◽  
Nursing Informatics ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Competency Level ◽  
Advanced Computer ◽  
Basic Computer Skills

Nursing has embraced flexible online advanced education as a means of increasing the supply of nurse professionals. Virtual simulation and other adaptive learning technologies enhance learning efficiency and student outcomes. A simulated electronic health record (DocuCare) was adopted in an online graduate nursing informatics course. An assignment using DocuCare to learn core concepts of nursing informatics was developed for graduate students enrolled in a nursing informatics course. A validated standard informatics survey instrument was used to measure three individual domains (basic computer skills, roles, and advanced computer skills (clinical informatics)) as well as the combined informatics competency level. Overall, the nursing informatics competency level was between competent and proficient; basic computer skills and roles were above proficient; and advanced computer skills (clinical informatics) fell between competence and proficient levels.

scholarly journals Anterior inferior plating versus superior plating for middle 1/3rd clavicle fracture: a prospective comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Girish H. Rudrappa ◽  
Deepak B. V. ◽  
Gowthama Pradhaban
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Clavicle Fracture ◽  
Delayed Union ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Plating Technique ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Fractures of the clavicle are common injuries that may result from direct blow or transmitted forces. Deformities are shortening and depression of lateral fragments. Various techniques are performed out of which superior and anteroinferior plating are widely used with each having its own merits and drawbacks. Our study compares the outcome between above mentioned techniques.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective comparative study of 60 patients who has met inclusion criteria and out of which 30 patients were treated with anteroinferior technique and 30 patients were treated with superior plating technique. Outcome measure were assessed through constant and murley score.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The demographic analysis of our study showed that the incidence of fracture is predominant among males (63.3%) with RTA being the most common mode of injury. AO/OTA classification which was used in our study revealed A1 as the most frequently involved group. Each group had 2 patients with infection post operatively which was managed with appropriate antibiotics. Increased incidence of delayed union was found in anterioinferior group (13.3%) with decreased hardware prominence in comparison with superior plating.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There were no significant differences in functional outcome between both the groups except the fact that superior plating had higher chances of plate prominence. So either of the surgical technique can be employed depending upon the feasibility of surgeon.</p>

scholarly journals No Benefits of Combining Proximal Row Carpectomy With PIN Neurectomy for Wrist Disorders—A Comparative Study With Systematic Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Mesut Tahta ◽  
Yener Aydin ◽  
Firat Erpala ◽  
Mehmet Yildiz ◽  
Izge Gunal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Proximal Row Carpectomy ◽  
Ulnar Deviation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Group 2

Background: Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) resection in combination with proximal row carpectomy (PRC), is a preferred method in order to obtain rapid recovery. However, the contribution of such combination to results isn’t known well. Objectives: We performed a comparative study to evaluate the effects of PIN neurectomy for PRC and a systematic review of the literature was performed to identify whether such combination has an advantage. Methods: Patients with wrist diseases who underwent PRC were evaluated retrospectively. Patients without PIN neurectomy (group 1, n = 7) and with PIN neurectomy (group 2, n = 8) were compared in respect of mean age, follow-up, gender, Q-DASH, VAS, MAYO wrist scores, flexion–extension/radial–ulnar deviation range of motion at final follow-up. The MEDLINE database was searched for studies published between 2005 and 2015, as the second part of the study. The following keywords were used: “proximal,” “row,” “carpectomy.” Studies, which met the inclusion criteria, were evaluated in terms of such combination. Results: There were no significant difference between the groups in regard with age ( P = .463), follow-up period ( P = .728), the ranges of flexion–extension ( P = .431) and radio–ulnar deviation ( P = .689), Q-DASH ( P = .452), and MAYO scores ( P = .728). In the second part of the study, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and none of them was specifically evaluating such combination. Only one study had specific comments on PRC with PIN neurectomy. Conclusion: According to our study (which, to our knowledge, was the first comparative study in the literature), we advocate not to combine PRC with PIN neurectomy for such an approach has no advantage.

The Need for Studies on Oral Corticosteroids After Sialendoscopy for Obstructive Salivary Gland Disease: Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942110452
Author(s):  
Gabriella Donaldson ◽  
Sandro de Paiva Leite ◽  
Tim Hardcastle ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad ◽  
Randall P. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Total Daily Dose ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Qualitative Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Corticosteroids ◽  
Salivary Gland Disease

Objectives: This qualitative systematic review evaluates the evidence in support of the use of oral corticosteroids in patients undergoing sialendoscopy for the treatment of obstructive sialadenitis. Design: Qualitative systematic review. Methods: A literature search was conducted from January 1985 and September 2020. Inclusion criteria embraced peer-reviewed articles in which adult patients undergoing interventional sialendoscopy for obstructive salivary gland disease received oral corticosteroids. The results were initially screened based on title and abstract, and the remaining articles were reviewed for eligibility. Results: About 218 papers were selected by title and abstract, 96 were selected for full-text review, and 9 met the inclusion criteria. Eight published reports were retrospective observational studies and 1 was a prospective comparative study. Overall, the heterogeneity of clinical data stood out in this systematic review. The pooled success rate in the studies was 873/979 (89%). Only 5 studies described a rationale for oral corticosteroid use as part of the post-operative management. In 4 studies, a prednisone total daily dose of 40 to 50 mg was used. One study clearly showed a lower recurrence rate in patients who received oral steroids for more than 7 days in addition to sialendoscopy for management of ductal stenoses. Conclusion: This systematic review showed that most centers that prescribe oral corticosteroids after sialendoscopy are unaware of the specific results with this treatment. For ductal stenoses, only 1 paper clearly showed the benefits of oral corticosteroids after sialendoscopy but more high-quality evidence is required in the form of a comparative study or randomized controlled trial, with appropriate long-term follow up.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NIFEPIDINE AND ISOXSUPRINE IN SUPPRESSION OF PRETERM LABOUR IN THIRD TRIMESTER

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
Anupama Sinha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Tocolytic Agent ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: A prospective study was conducted to compare the efficacy of nifedipine against isoxsuprine in preventing preterm labour in third trimester and also to evaluate maternal side effects and neonatal outcome. Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted at JLNMCH, Bhagalpur, Bihar. 75 antenatal women with gestational age between 28 to 36 weeks wereselected who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the study, were given nifedipine and were monitored throughout thecourse of treatment. Results: Groups were compared with mean prolongation of delivery, side effects, neonatal outcome, parity, cervicaleffacements. Nifedipine was twice more effective than isoxsuprine hydrochloride as a uterine tocolytic agent whileside effects were comparable with fewer side effects in nifedipine group. Neonatal outcome was better with nifedipinein comparison to isoxsuprine. Conclusions: There is a high incidence of preterm labour in India. The present study found that nifedipine has bettertocolytic efficacy, less side effects and better tolerability as compared to isoxsuprine in third trimester.

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