Painful procedures performed on premature newborns in an Intensive Care Unit

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Ericka Souza Browne ◽  
Tânia Santana Menezes Barbosa ◽  
Climene Laura de Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
Terapia Intensiva ◽  
E 32

ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the frequency of painful procedures that premature newborns were submitted to during their stay in a NICU. Method: this is about an analytical and exploratory cross-sectional study. The population was composed of 106 moderately premature newborns, hospitalized during the period from August 3 to August 5 in a private hospital in Salvador (BA), Brazil. The variables were: sex of the newborn, gestational age, hospitalization duration, birth weight and length, Apgar Score in the first and fifth minutes, number of prenatal checkups, and small size for gestational age. The outcome variable was the frequency of painful procedures. The data had been stored e analyzed in Epi Info Windows 3.3.2. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of Santa Izabel Hospital (FR 83357). Results: demonstrated that the risk for exposition the painful procedures increases when associated: the gestacional age of 31 and 32 weeks, whose relative risk (RR) 1,70 (p=0,01); to the time of superior internment the twenty and seven days in the UTIN, RR 2,05 (p=0,00); to the Bulletin of lesser or equal Apgar the seven, and equal minor the eight in first minute 1,70 (p=0,02) and in the fifth minute, 1,87 ( p=0,03), respectively; to the number of inferior prenatal consultations the six, 1,96 (p=0,00). Conclusion: these data point the necessity for alternatives that minimize the painful procedures that the RNPTM are displayed in the UTIN. Descriptors: pain; premature; nursing care.RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a frequência de procedimentos dolorosos que os recém-nascidos prematuros moderados (RNPTM) foram submetidos durante a internação em uma UTIN. Método: trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectivo analítico e exploratório. A população foi composta por 106 RNPTM, internados no período de agosto de 2003 a agosto de 2005 em um hospital privado de Salvador, Bahia. As variáveis estudadas foram: sexo do recém-nascido, idade gestacional, tempo de internamento, peso ao nascer, Apgar no primeiro e quinto minutos e números de consultas pré-natais. A variável de desfecho foi a frequência de procedimentos dolorosos. Os dados foram armazenados e analisados no Epi Info Windows 3.3.2. O estudo foi aprovado aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Hospital Santa Izabel (FR 83357). Resultados: o risco para exposição a procedimentos dolorosos aumenta quando associado: a idade gestacional de 31 e 32 semanas, cujo risco relativo (RR) 1,70 (p=0,01); ao tempo de internamento superior a vinte e sete dias na UTIN, RR 2,05(p=0,00); ao Boletim de Apgar menor ou igual a sete, e menor igual a oito no primeiro minuto 1,70 (p=0,02) e no quinto minuto, 1,87 (p=0,03), respectivamente; ao número de consultas pré-natais inferiores a seis, 1,96 (p=0,00). Conclusão: estes dados apontam a necessidade de alternativas que minimizem os procedimentos dolorosos que os RNPTM são expostos em uma UTIN. Descritores: dor; prematuro; cuidados de enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar la frecuencia de procedimientos dolorosos a que los recién nacidos prematuros moderados (RNPTM) fueron sometidos durante el internamiento en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN). Método: se trata de un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo analítico y exploratorio. la población fue compuesta por 106 RNPT moderados, internados en el período de agosto 2003 a agosto 2005 en un hospital privado de Salvador, Bahia. Las variables fueron: sexo del RN, edad gestacional, tiempo de internamiento, estatura, peso al nacer, Apgar en el primer y quinto minutos, números de consultas prenatales y pequeño para edad gestacional (PIG). La variable de desfecho fue la frecuencia de procedimientos dolorosos. Los datos fueron almacenada e analizados en el Epi Info Windows 3.3.2. El estúdio fue aprobado  por el Comité de Ética en la Pesquisa del Hospital Santa Izabel (FR 83357). Resultados: el riesgo para exposición a procedimientos dolorosos aumenta cuando asociado: a la edad gestacional de 31 y 32 semanas, RR 1,70 (p=0,01); al tiempo de internamiento superior a veintisiete dias en la UTIN, RR 2,05 (p=0,00); al Boletin de Apgar menor o igual a siete, y menor igual a ocho en el primer minuto RR 1,70 (p=0,02) y en el quinto minuto, RR 1,87 (p=0,03), respectivamente; al número de consultas prenatales inferiores a seis, RR  de 1,96 (p=0,00). Conclusión: estos datos apuntan la necesidad en buscar alternativas que minimizem los procedimientos dolorosos a que los RNPTM son expuestos en las UTIN. Descriptores: dolor; prematuro; atención de enfermería.

scholarly journals Length of stay in health facilities after childbirth and associated maternal and neonatal factors in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study from a national survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e055327
Author(s):  
Yemisrach Belete Biru ◽  
Getasew Assefa Lemelem ◽  
Nahom Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Average Size

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the length of stay in health facilities after childbirth and associated maternal and neonatal factors in Ethiopia.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingEthiopia.Participants2260 mothers who participated in the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey were included in the study.OutcomeLength of stay in health facilities after childbirth was the outcome variable of the study.ResultIn Ethiopia, the mean duration of postpartum stay for mothers in health facilities was 21.96 (19.97–23.94) hours. Nine hundred and sixty-eight (34.80%) women remained in health institutions for ≥24 hours after delivery. Gestational age, birth weight and mode of delivery were significantly associated with length of stay. Gestational age was found to be inversely associated with length of stay. Mothers who had a vaginal delivery were 8.89% (adjusted HR (AHR) 8.89, 95% CI (4.28 to 18.46), p<0.001) more likely to discharge earlier from health facilities after delivery, compared with those who had a caesarian section. Women with larger size neonates during birth were 19% (AHR=0.81, 95% CI (0.67 to 0.96), p=0.019) more likely to stay longer in health facilities than women with average size neonates. Women with a smaller size neonate during birth were 16% (AHR=0.84, 95% CI (0.70 to 0.99), p=0.040) more likely to stay longer at a health facility, compared with those with an average size neonate.ConclusionA small percentage of Ethiopian mothers stayed in health facilities for 24 hours or more after delivery. Encouraging mothers to stay in health facilities for the recommended period after childbirth can play a significant role in reducing maternal and neonatal deaths.

scholarly journals Maternal healthcare utilsation and complete childhood vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study of 29 nationally representative surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e045992
Author(s):  
Eugene Budu ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Richard Gyan Aboagye ◽  
Ebenezer Kwesi Armah-Ansah ◽  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to examine the association between maternal healthcare utilisation and complete childhood vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa.DesignOur study was a cross-sectional study that used pooled data from 29 countries in sub-Saharan Africa.ParticipantsA total of 60 964 mothers of children aged 11–23 months were included in the study.Outcome variablesThe main outcome variable was complete childhood vaccination. The explanatory variables were number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, assistance during delivery and postnatal care (PNC).ResultsThe average prevalence of complete childhood vaccination was 85.6%, ranging from 67.0% in Ethiopia to 98.5% in Namibia. Our adjusted model, children whose mothers had a maximum of three ANC visits were 56% less likely to have complete vaccination, compared with those who had at least four ANC visits (adjusted OR (aOR)=0.44, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.46). Children whose mothers were assisted by traditional birth attendant/other (aOR=0.43, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.56) had lower odds of complete vaccination. The odds of complete vaccination were lower among children whose mothers did not attend PNC clinics (aOR=0.26, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.29) as against those whose mothers attended.ConclusionThe study found significant variations in complete childhood vaccination across countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Maternal healthcare utilisation (ANC visits, skilled birth delivery, PNC attendance) had significant association with complete childhood vaccination. These findings suggest that programmes, interventions and strategies aimed at improving vaccination should incorporate interventions that can enhance maternal healthcare utilisation. Such interventions can include education and sensitisation, reducing cost of maternal healthcare and encouraging male involvement in maternal healthcare service utilisation.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Associated Factors Among Enteral Fed Preterm and Low Birth Weight Neonates Admitted in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110196
Author(s):  
Sitotaw Molla Mekonnen ◽  
Daniel Mengistu Bekele ◽  
Fikrtemariam Abebe Fenta ◽  
Addisu Dabi Wake
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains to be the most critical and frequent gastrointestinal disorder understood in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The presented study was intended to assess the prevalence of NEC and associated factors among enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates. Institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates who were admitted at selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa from March 25/2020 to May 10/2020. The data were collected through neonates’ medical record chart review. A total of 350 participants were enrolled in to the study with the response rate of 99.43%. One hundred eighty-four (52.6%) of them were male. The majority 123 (35.1%) of them were (32 + 1 to 34) weeks gestational age. The prevalence of NEC was (25.4%) (n = 89, [95% CI; 21.1, 30.0]). Being ≤28 weeks gestational age (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI [2.67, 9.97]), being (28 + 1 to 32 weeks) gestational age (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI [2.21, 8.31]), birth weight of 1000 to 1499 g (AOR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.22, 4.33]), APGAR score ≤3 (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.32, 4.16]), prolonged labor (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI [1.35, 6.38]), maternal chronic disease particularly hypertension (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.70, 5.90]), chorioamnionitis (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI [3.9, 13]), failure to breath/resuscitated (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.7, 4.4]), CPAP ventilation (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI [1.50, 12.70]), mixed milk (AOR = 3.58, 95% CI [2.16, 9.32]) were factors significantly associated with NEC. Finally, the prevalence of NEC in the study area was high. So that, initiating the programs that could minimize this problem is required to avoid the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with NEC.

scholarly journals Healthcare Provider Attitudes toward the Newly Developed COVID-19 Vaccine: Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Gasmelseed Ahmed ◽  
Zainab Almoosa ◽  
Dalia Mohamed ◽  
Janepple Rapal ◽  
Ofelia Minguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Provider Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Consistency Results

Background: During the long wait and the global anxiety for a vaccine against COVID-19, impressively high-safety and effective vaccines were invented by multiple pharmaceutical companies. Aim: We aimed to assess the attitudes of healthcare providers and evaluate their intention to advocate for the vaccine. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary private hospital where an electronic survey was distributed among healthcare providers (HCPs). The survey contained two sections: socio-demographic characteristics and Likert-scale perception, with 72% internal consistency. Results: The response rate to the email survey was 37% (n = 236). In addition, 169 (71.6%) of respondents were women, with more than half (134, 56.8%) aged ≤35 years. A total of 110 (46.6%) had over 10 years of experience, and most of them were nurses (146, 62%). Univariate analysis revealed that older participants significantly accepted and advocated for the new vaccine more than the younger ones. In the multivariate analysis, men were significantly more likely than women to accept and advocate for the new vaccine, as were those with chronic illnesses. Participants with allergy were significantly less likely to accept the vaccine than others. odds ratio (OR) and p-values were 2.5, 0.003; 2.3, 0.04; and 0.4, 0.01, respectively. Conclusion: The acceptance rate for the newly-developed COVID-19 vaccines was average among HCPs. Sex, age, presence of chronic illnesses, and allergy were significant predictors of accepting the vaccine.

scholarly journals Serum Concentrations of Selected Organochlorines in Pregnant Women and Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes. A Cross-Sectional Study from Two Rural Settings in Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7652
Author(s):  
Margit Steinholt ◽  
Shanshan Xu ◽  
Sam Ol Ha ◽  
Duong Trong Phi ◽  
Maria Lisa Odland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Settings

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 194 pregnant women from two low-income settings in Cambodia. The inclusion period lasted from October 2015 through December 2017. Maternal serum samples were analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The aim was to study potential effects on birth outcomes. We found low levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP), except for heptachlors, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor epoxide, and p,p’-DDE. There were few differences between the two study locations. However, the women from the poorest areas had significantly higher concentrations of p,p’-DDE (p < 0.001) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (p = 0.002). The maternal factors associated with exposure were parity, age, residential area, and educational level. Despite low maternal levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, we found significant negative associations between the PCB congeners 99 (95% CI: −2.51 to −0.07), 138 (95% CI: −1.28 to −0.32), and 153 (95% CI: −1.06 to −0.05) and gestational age. Further, there were significant negative associations between gestational age, birth length, and maternal levels of o,p’-DDE. Moreover, o,p’-DDD had positive associations with birth weight, and both p,p’-DDD and o,p’-DDE were positively associated with the baby’s ponderal index. The poorest population had higher exposure and less favorable outcomes.

scholarly journals The hope of women with HIV/AIDS: evaluation using the Herth Scale

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana de Souza Orlandi ◽  
Neide de Souza Praça
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
The City ◽  
Hiv Aids

This descriptive cross-sectional study had the objective to evaluate the level of hope in women aged 50 or older suffering from HIV/AIDS, utilizing the Herth Hope Scale. The study involved 200 HIV- positive women, within the age bracket of interest, enrolled in three STI/AIDS specialized healthcare services in the city of São Paulo. The rules of the 196/96 Resolution were met and the study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee. Data were collected in 2010 using two instruments: subjects' characterization and the Herth Hope Scale. Results demonstrated an average score of 36.75 (±4.52) on the Herth Hope Scale, with an interval of 12 to 48. This score is below the score obtained with the same scale for various pathologies, indicating a reduced perception of hope by the sample. Nurses should provide interventions to improve hope for these people, establishing realistic goals and strengthening social support.

scholarly journals Fetal foot length for assessment of gestational age: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3153
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Sharma ◽  
Ruchi Saxena ◽  
Priyanka Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: Fetal age actually begins at conception and an equivalent term is conceptional age. Uncertain gestational age (GA) has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes independent of maternal characteristics. The objective was to evaluate the accuracy of fetal foot length (FFL) in estimation of gestational age.Methods: It was a cross sectional study. Trans abdominal ultrasound on 150 pregnant women with normal singleton pregnancies between 16 to 40 weeks was done to measure FFL. The relationship between GA and FFL was analysed by simple linear regression.Results: A linear relationship was demonstrated between FFL and GA. (GA (in weeks)=7.490+0.393×FFL (in mm)) with significant correlation (r=0.985, p<0.001).Conclusions: Ultrasonographic measurement of FFL is a reliable indicator of gestational age and can be a useful alternative to estimate GA when other routine biometric parameters are not conclusive.

scholarly journals Factors related to duration of hospitalization and death in premature newborns

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosane Meire Munhak da Silva ◽  
Adriana Zilly ◽  
Helder Ferreira ◽  
Letícia Pancieri ◽  
Juliana Coelho Pina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
Care Processes ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Retrospective Data Collection ◽  
Health Complications

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze factors related to prolonged hospitalization and death in premature newborns in a border region. Method: Cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection, which analyzed 951 medical records of premature newborns hospitalized between 2013 and 2017. The independent variables were maternal age, nationality, prenatal appointments, maternal intercurrences, gestational age, weight at birth, Apgar, complications; the dependent variables were days of hospitalization, discharge, death, and transference. The tests Pearson Chi-squared and Fisher’s Exact were employed. Results: Premature birth amounted to 10.3%; out of these, 43.3% were hospitalized. The prevalence of mortality was 21.3%. Few prenatal appointments, maternal intercurrences, low fifth minute Apgar, and the baby’s health complications increased days of hospitalization. Lower weight and gestational age, low Apgar and complications with the baby increased death. Conclusion: Understanding hospitalization aspects enabled the identification of factors that lead to complications to the premature newborn, which are relevant to efforts to overcome unfavorable outcomes and face challenges posed by the sequels throughout life. The integration between countries and their borders is a notorious condition to accelerate care processes and promote better outcomes.

scholarly journals Willingness to Accept COVID-19 Vaccine and Its Determinants among Nigeria Citizens: A Web-based Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju Davies Eniade ◽  
Abayomi Olarinmoye ◽  
Agofure Otovwe ◽  
Funke E. Akintunde ◽  
Omowumi O. Okedare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Willingness To Accept ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
To Receive

Background: The peculiarity in Nigerians’ demographic, socio-economic and cultural pattern necessitated the need to explore potential COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. This study investigated the determinants of willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria. Methods: An online cross-sectional study among the general population in Nigeria. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire.  A total of 368 individuals participated in the research. The outcome variable was willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine coded as “Yes=1 and No=0.”  Basic socio-demographic information of participants and other information related to COVID-19 were obtained. Stata MP 14 was used for the statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were presented, test of association were carried out using chi square and a binary logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. All analyses were performed at 5% level of significance. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 29.4 + 9.65 years.  Majority of the study participants were female (58.9%), Yoruba (74.7%) and dwellers of urban area (68.5%). Also, 85.6% have attained tertiary level of education. Two-fifth (40.5%) of respondent reported their willingness to take the COVID-19 if made available. Majority (69.8%) of those that are willing to take the vaccine would prefer a live attenuated form and 39.6% would prefer the vaccine administered intramuscularly. Age group≥40 years (AOR: 5.20, CI: 1.02- 26.41), currently married (AOR: 2.81, CI: 1.05 – 7.53) and susceptibility to COVID 19 infection (AOR: 2.52, CI: 1.21 – 5.26) were associated with likelihood of willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: Despite the fact that majority were at risk of COVID-19 infection, willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine was low among Nigerians. Level of maturity in terms of age and marriage as well as susceptibility to COVID-19 infection increased the likelihood of accepting COVID-19 infection. In Furtherance, younger ones, unmarried and non-susceptible individual may require more efforts tailored towards enrichment of understanding about the importance of COVID-19 vaccine in other to improve the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria.

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