scholarly journals ALGORITHMIC EMPOWERMENT OR IMPERIALIST WARFARE? DARK SKIN, AI CAMERA, AND A CHINESE COMPANY’S PATENT STRATEGY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Lu ◽  
Jack Linchuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Patent Strategy ◽  
Conference Theme ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Chinese Company ◽  
Blind Spots

Through document analysis and participant observation, this paper examines the patent strategy of Transsion, a Chinese company that dominates Africa’s smartphone market and a leading innovator in facial recognition technologies optimised for darker skins. We identify two major narratives surrounding Transsion’s facial recognition patent strategy. First is the “empowerment” narrative, in which Transsion argues that there are “blind spots” in conventional AI camera technologies and interprets its AI camera as not just a fix to existing blindness but also an empowerment tool for dark-skinned users by “seeing” and capturing their beauty. While the “empowerment” narrative is more externally oriented, Transsion uses a “warfare” narrative to interpret its patent strategy internally. This may have to do with cut-throat market competition, patents race, and the rapid pace of innovation, which gave Transsion a strong sense of crisis. Other major Chinese brands are also entering the African market. Transsion thus considers its facial recognition patents as “competitive weaponry” in preparation for a future clash in Africa’s smartphone market. This study makes three contributions. Empirically, through document analysis and participant observation, we examine a relatively less known Chinese smartphone company that has made huge impact in the Global South. Theoretically, we shed on the possibility of algorithmic empowerment against racist facial recognition systems, although developing AI as a weaponry, in the Chinese-African contexts, may also lead to new forms of imperialism. Thematically, echoing this year’s AoIR conference theme, this study reveals the politics and geopolitics of independence through patents.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trude Fonneland
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Late Modern ◽  
Rare Opportunity

In the introduction, the outline of the chapters is presented, and the context for the study of contemporary shamanisms in Norway is drawn. The chapter provides an outline for why I have chosen to examine the field of shamanism in Norway through interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. I argue that the project, although obviously not exhaustive, nor even representative of the contemporary setting, represents a rare opportunity to study a late modern religious tradition in the process of evolution.

scholarly journals A luta do povo Puruborá pela escola: resistências e conquistas / The Puruborá people's struggle for school: resistence and achievements

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Anatália Daiane de Oliveira ◽  
Marli Lúcia Tonatto Zibetti
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
School Education ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Political Processes

O texto descreve e analisa os processos históricos e políticos na conquista da escola do povo Puruborá na Aldeia Aperoi, em Seringueiras - Rondônia. A pesquisa de tipo etnográfico fez uso de observação participante registrada em diário de campo, análise documental e entrevistas. Os dados foram analisados por meio de triangulação dos resultados, em diálogo com trabalhos de investigação que discutem a temática da educação escolar indígena, nos aspectos históricos e condições atuais de desenvolvimento. Os resultados indicam que a implantação da escola na referida aldeia é resultado da luta do resistente povo Puruborá.Palavras-chave: Povo Puruborá; Educação escolar indígena; Resistência; Pesquisa etnográfica. ABSTRACT: The text describes and analyzes the historical and political processes in the conquest of the Puruborá people’s school in the Aperoi Village in Seringueiras - Rondônia. The ethnographic research used the participant observation registered in a field diary, document analysis and interviews. The data were analyzed by triangulation of the results, in dialogue with research papers that discuss the thematic of the indigenous education, the historical aspects and current conditions of development. The results indicate that the establishment of the school in that village is the result of the struggle of the resistant Puruborá People.Keywords: Puruporá People; Indigenous school education; Resistance. Ethnographic research.

Strategic Knowledge Sharing for Improved Public Service Delivery

2003 ◽  
pp. 187-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Wright ◽  
Andrew Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Potential Barriers ◽  
Innovative Culture ◽  
Published Research

This chapter considers inter-organizational knowledge sharing in the delivery of public services. While public services represent a significant economic sector in most countries, there is little published research of its implementation of knowledge sharing to improve service performance. The chapter highlights potential barriers to effective knowledge sharing in public service partnerships and introduces a second-order regression model to guide managers in their development of an effective knowledge sharing environment. Based on research incorporating participant observation, document analysis, 30 interviews and a survey (n=132), the chapter identifies six antecedent factors to effective knowledge sharing, the most significant of which is an innovative culture.

The Fathers' Rights Movement

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARL BERTOIA ◽  
JANICE DRAKICH
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
New Social Movement ◽  
Equitable Treatment

Family law reforms brought about a new social movement and lobby group—fathers' rights. This article, based on a 2-year study involving participant observation, ethnographic interviews, and document analysis examines the contradictions between the public and private rhetoric of fathers rightists. Thirty-two members from four fathers' rights groups were interviewed about their postdivorce parenting experiences, their personal troubles with family law practices, and their posturing on the fathers' rights' platform. The fatherhood project of family law reform, although viewed as serving all fathers, is primarily driven by fathers' personal stake in the issues and the hope of changing their current situation. The fathers in this study presented a uniform voice in support of the fathers' rights' public image of caring fathers who want men to be recognized as fathers and who are requesting equitable treatment in matters of child custody, support, and access. However, the interviews revealed that individual members did not support the full application of the concept of equality in postdivorce parenting, child care, and responsibilities.

Philosophies of Qualitative Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svend Brinkmann
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Separate Section ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Do So

This book is about the different philosophical paradigms and ideas that influence qualitative research. Its aim is to discuss and evaluate the ways that philosophical positions inform qualitative research as currently practiced. Unlike other contributions to the field, this book takes a historical perspective and shows how the philosophical ideas have evolved and influenced qualitative research in previous times and today. Today, qualitative researchers often report on their philosophical commitments (if they do so at all) in a separate section of their papers, but this book is written from the perspective that philosophical ideas influence everything in the research process from the first formulation of a research theme to the final reporting of the results. Therefore, it is preferable to highlight how this happens. Philosophy should thus not be thought of as a purely abstract discipline, disconnected from the practicalities of research, but rather as a concrete and pervasive aspect of all qualitative research practices. This book does not provide in-depth treatments of qualitative methods and techniques such as interviewing, document analysis, or participant observation, but rather aims to introduce and discuss the philosophical issues that are relevant regardless of the specific methods employed by qualitative researchers.

scholarly journals In abundance: Networked participatory practices as scholarship

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie E Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Ethnographic Methods ◽  
Cultural System ◽  
Spheres Of Influence ◽  
Participatory Practices

<p>In an era of knowledge abundance, scholars have the capacity to distribute and share ideas and artifacts via digital networks, yet networked scholarship often remains unrecognized within institutional spheres of influence. Using ethnographic methods including participant observation, interviews, and document analysis, this study investigates networks as sites of scholarship. Its purpose is to situate networked practices within Boyer’s (1990) four components of scholarship – discovery, integration, application, and teaching – and to explore them as a techno-cultural system of scholarship suited to an era of knowledge abundance. Not only does the paper find that networked engagement both aligns with and exceeds Boyer’s model for scholarship, it suggests that networked scholarship may enact Boyer’s initial aim of broadening scholarship itself through fostering extensive cross-disciplinary, public ties and rewarding connection, collaboration, and curation between individuals rather than roles or institutions.</p>

scholarly journals Youth Activism in Political Squats between Centri Sociali and Case Occupate

Societies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Genova
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Youth Activism ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Collective Narratives ◽  
The City

Nowadays a lot of research describes most young people as barely interested in politics, expressing little trust in political institutions and far from any forms of institutional political participation. Moreover, most of the engaged youth are involved in forms of participation described as more civic and social than political, weakly ideological, more and more often digital and developed in virtual space, and usually experienced as one among several components of everyday personal lives. The article explores youth activism in political squats because it is a form of participation which, in countertendency, is political and radical in its aims and strategies, explicitly ideologically inspired, strongly rooted in physical places, and often quite central in everyday personal lives. The text is based on research conducted in the city of Turin (Italy) by means of qualitative interviews, participant observation and document analysis. Four main interconnected thematic dimensions are considered: Individuals’ biographical paths and meanings of activism; distinctive lifestyles and cultural sensitivities among the activists; collective narratives about contemporary society and possibilities of social change; patterns of intervention and forms of organization. On the basis of these analyses, the article maintains that this form of activism can be usefully interpreted as a real lifestyle, which has an explicit and intense political sense, but which young activists also connect with a much wider, more differentiated set of meanings.

Sport Tourism and the Discourse of Social Cohesion at the World Pond Hockey Championship Event

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Mark Lowes ◽  
Cory Awde
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Empirical Fact ◽  
The World ◽  
Promotional Materials ◽  
Local Residents

Canada's World Pond Hockey Championship (WPHC) event is examined to show how the concept “social cohesion” functions as a discourse through which athletes, organizers and local residents articulate their experience of the event. No attempt is made to measure levels of social cohesion in the study community as an empirical fact. Instead, the authors' objective is to show how a distinctive community has been created around this sport-based tourism event, one with its own particular discourse of social cohesion. The authors' analysis is based on data collected through non-participant observation and dozens of semi-structured and unstructured interviews at the 2007 World Pond Hockey Championship event and through supplementary interviews and document analysis (press coverage, printed tourism promotional materials) activities conducted over the following four years, until mid-2011. the authors' findings show how a distinctive social community has been created around this sport-based tourism event, one with its own particular discourse of social cohesion.

scholarly journals Regenerative-Relational Tritangtu: Sundanese Triadic Transformation Model

Panggung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Listiani ◽  
Heddy Shri Ahimsa-Putra ◽  
GR LonoLastoroSimatupang ◽  
Yasraf Amir Piliang Amir Piliang
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRACT Tritangtu or Trinity mindset is a Sundanese and Minang community cosmology that consists of three entities (three patterns). Tritangtu as the local wisdom is also underlying the creative actors mental structure on making their works either in the form of performance, artifacts philosophy value, or in other cultural products in Indonesian community. This study used ethnographic method with data collection techniques were participant observation in-depth interviews and documentation. The object of study is the creative actors practice at the design field in Bandung.The result of study pointed out the Sundanese Tritangtu transformation from the permanent struc- ture to dynamic structure. The change in the structure is determined by the relation between the de- sign elements forming structure with the global market segmentation. Lending Sundanese identity markers, especially the folk culture or the past traditions is regenerative efforts to harmonize the three patterns in encountering and winning the free-market competition in Indonesia. Keyword:  Tritangtu, Sundanese Triadic Transformation ModelAbstrak Tritangtu atau pola pikir tritunggal merupakan kosmologi masyarakat Sunda dan Minang yang terdiri dari tiga entitas (pola tiga). Tritangtu sebagai kearifan lokal juga melatarbelakangi struktur mental pelaku kreatif dalam membuat karya baik berupa pertunjukan, nilai filosofi artefak mau- pun produk budaya lainnya di masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Obyek penelitian ini adalah praktik pelaku kreatif di bidang desain di Bandung. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya transformasi tritangtu Sunda dari struktur yang tetap menjadi struktur dinamis. Perubahan struktur ini ditentukan oleh relasi antar struktur pembentuk unsur desain de- ngan segmentasi pasar global. Peminjaman penanda identitas Sunda khususnya budaya rakyat atau tradisi masa lalu merupakan upaya regeneratif dalam usahanya untuk harmonisasi pola tiga dalam menghadapi dan memenangkan persaingan pasar bebas di Indonesia. Kata kunci : Tritangtu, Model Transformasi Triadic Sunda 

scholarly journals Work process of river family health teams from the perspective of Primary Care managers

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Cristiane e Silva Figueira ◽  
Dalvani Marques ◽  
Maria Filomena Gouveia Vilela ◽  
Jennifer Bazílio ◽  
Jéssica de Aquino Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Evaluative Study ◽  
Care Managers ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Family Health Strategy

Abstract Objective: To analyze the work process carried out by the river family health strategy teams in a municipality in the Amazon region through the perception of the managers. Method: An evaluative study with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with managers of Primary Healthcare, document analysis and participant observation of the work by content analysis. Results: Seven managers participated. Two thematic categories stood out: “Knowledge and practices in the work process of river teams” and “Reports of successful practice experiences”. Conclusion: Integrated work and team autonomy are present in the work process; successful practices are encouraged, as well as the use of light and hard-light technologies.

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