scholarly journals The Utility of the Callosal/Supratentorial-Supracallosal Area Ratio to Evaluate Corpus Callosum Morphometry in Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Öztürk ◽  
Emine Uysal ◽  
Halil İbrahim Duran ◽  
Zuhal İnce Bayramoğlu ◽  
Abidin Kılınçer
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To perform morphometric analysis of corpus callosum (CC) by using callosal area (CA), supratentorial-supracallosal area (SSA) and CA/SSA parameters in a healthy pediatric population and to investigate changes according to age and gender. Method: Method: This retrospective study included a total of 313 children (154 boys, 159 girls) aged between 3-17 years. The cases were divided into three groups according to age: 3-6 years (Group 1) (pre-school), 7-12 years (Group 2) (preadolescent) and 13-17 years (Group 3) (adolescent). CA and SSA were measured on the mid-sagittal plane on T1-weighted images. CA/ SSA index was calculated. Differences in age, CA, SSA, and ratio parameters among the gender groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U or the t-test. Results: Median values of CA (p= 0.002), mean values of SSA (p=0.001) and CA/SSA ratios (p= 0.04) were significantly higher in boys compared to girls. The median CA and mean CA/SSA ratios in Group 3 were significantly higher than Groups 1 and 2 (p= 0.001). Mean CA/SSA ratio values of boys and girls in Age Group 3 were significantly higher than Group 1 (p= 0.001) and significantly higher than Age Group 2 in girls. There were highly significant positive correlations of age with CA (p=0.001, r=0.47), SSA (p=0.028, r=0.12) and CA/SSA ratio (p=0.001, r=042). There was a highly significant and positive correlation between CA and SSA (p=0.001, r=0.25) and CA/SSA ratio (p=0.001, r=0.87). Conclusion: CA, SSA, and CA/ SSA ratio values in children are affected by age and gender. These parameters can be used as reference values for the diagnosis of congenital and acquired pathologies affecting the corpus callosum.

Neonatal Neurobehavior in the First 48 Hours of Life: Effect of the Administration of Meperidine With and Without Naloxone in the Mother

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hodgkinson ◽  
M. Bhatt ◽  
G. Grewal ◽  
G. F. Marx
Keyword(s):  
Age Group ◽  
Naloxone Hydrochloride ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The early neonatal neurobehavioral scale ‘was administered to three groups of newborns at 2, 4, and 24 hours of age. Group 1 consisted of 28 babies whose mothers had received no narcotics during labor, group 2 of 33 babies whose mothers had received meperidine hydrochloride alone during labor, and group 3 of 40 babies whose mothers had received meperidine followed by 0.4 mg of naloxone hydrochloride intravenously approximately 15 minutes before delivery. Babies who were not exposed to meperidine showed a statistically significantly greater percentage of high scores than those exposed to meperidine alone for all items on the neurobehavioral scale at 2 and 4 hours and for all items except tone and Moro response at 24 hours. Similarly, babies whose mothers had received meperidine and naloxone showed a significantly greater percentage of high scores than those whose mothers had received meperidine alone at 2 hours of age. At 4 hours a difference was found for tone and rooting and at 24 hours for overall score, placing, and total decrement score. It is concluded that naloxone given intravenously to the mother reverses the effect of meperidine on neonatal neurobehavior for approximately two hours after birth. At 4 and 24 hours, however, the neurobehavior of neonates exposed to meperidine and naloxone is depressed almost as much as that of babies exposed to meperidine alone.

scholarly journals Fracture resistance of immature teeth filled with mineral trioxide aggregate, bioaggregate, and biodentine

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Bayram ◽  
Huda Melike Bayram
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Immature Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate fracture resistance of teeth with immature apices treated with coronal placement of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), bioaggregate (BA), and Biodentine. Materials and Methods: Forty-one freshly extracted, single-rooted human premolar teeth were used for the study. At first, the root length was standardized to 9 mm. The crown-down technique was used for the preparation of the root canals using the rotary ProTaper system (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) of F3 (30). Peeso reamer no. 6 was stepped out from the apex to simulate an incompletely formed root. The prepared roots were randomly assigned to one control (n = 5) and three experimental (n = 12) groups, as described below. Group 1: White MTA (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) was prepared as per the manufacturer's instructions and compacted into the root canal using MAP system (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and condensed by pluggers (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil). Group 2: The canals were filled with DiaRoot-BA (DiaDent Group International, Canada). Group 3: Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France) solution was mixed with the capsule powder and condensed using pluggers. Instron was used to determine the maximum horizontal load to fracture the tooth, placing the tip 3 mm incisal to the cementoenamel junction. Mean values of the fracture strength were compared by ANOVA followed by a post hoc test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: No significant difference was observed among the MTA, BA, and biodentine experimental groups. Conclusion: All the three materials tested, may be used as effective strengthening agents for immature teeth.

scholarly journals National Surveillance of Injury in Children and Adolescents in the Republic of Korea: 2011–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9132
Author(s):  
Soo Hyun Park ◽  
Ji Young Min ◽  
Won Cul Cha ◽  
Ik Joon Jo ◽  
Taerim Kim
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prevention Potential ◽  
Group 1

Understanding age-specific injury patterns allows the continued improvement of prevention strategies. This is a retrospective study analyzing the Korea Emergency Department-Based Injury In-depth Surveillance data, including those aged ≤19 years old between January 2011 and December 2017. In this study, we focused on changes in the modes of injury and severity, and prevention potential by dividing the patients into four age groups: group 1 (0–4 years), group 2 (5–9 years), group 3 (10–14 years), and group 4 (15–19 years). The most common mode of injury in younger age groups 1 and 2 was a fall or slip. Most injuries in older age groups 3 and 4 were unintentional and intentional collisions combined. Traumatic brain injuries (2.1%), intensive care unit admissions (1.8%), and overall death (0.4%) were the highest in group 4. The proportions of severe and critical injury (EMR-ISS ≥ 25) were 7.5% in group 4, 3.2% in group 3, 2.5% in group 1, and 1% in group 2. This study presents a comprehensive trend of injuries in the pediatric population in South Korea. Our results suggest the importance of designing specific injury-prevention strategies for targeted groups, circumstances, and situations.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Age and Change in Velocity During a Baseball Training Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 232596712092793
Author(s):  
Christopher Antonacci ◽  
Thomas R. Atlee ◽  
Peter N. Chalmers ◽  
Christopher Hadley ◽  
Meghan E. Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Baseball Pitchers ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Group 1

Background: Pitching velocity is one of the most important metrics used to evaluate a baseball pitcher’s effectiveness. The relationship between age and pitching velocity after a lighter ball baseball training program has not been determined. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between age and pitching velocity after a lighter ball baseball training program. We hypothesized that pitching velocity would significantly increase in all adolescent age groups after a lighter baseball training program, without a significant difference in magnitude of increase based on age. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Baseball pitchers aged 10 to 17 years who completed a 15-week training program focused on pitching mechanics and velocity improvement were included in this study. Pitchers were split into 3 groups based on age (group 1, 10-12 years; group 2, 13-14 years; group 3, 15-17 years), and each group trained independently. Pitch velocity was assessed at 4 time points (sessions 3, 10, 17, and 25). Mean, maximum, and mean change in pitch velocity between sessions were compared by age group. Results: A total of 32 male baseball pitchers were included in the analysis. Mean/maximum velocity increased in all 3 age groups: 3.4/4.8 mph in group 1, 5.3/5.5 mph in group 2, and 5.3/5.2 mph in group 3. While mean percentage change in pitch velocity increased in all 3 age groups (group 1, 6.5%; group 2, 8.3%; group 3, 7.6%), the magnitude of change was not significantly different among age groups. Program session number had a significant effect on mean and maximum velocity, with higher mean and maximum velocity seen at later sessions in the training program ( P = .018). There was no interaction between age and program session within either mean or maximum velocity ( P = .316 and .572, respectively). Conclusion: Age had no significant effect on the magnitude of increase in maximum or mean baseball pitch velocity during a velocity and mechanics training program in adolescent males.

scholarly journals Interatrial block as electrocardiographic predictive sign for atrial fibrillation in patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine Departments

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpaolo Bragagni ◽  
Chiu Hua Chen ◽  
Federico Lari ◽  
Gaetano Magenta
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Interatrial Block ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group 1

This study evaluated the correlation between interatrial block (IAB) and atrial fibrillation (AF) among patients admitted to our Internal Medicine Unit: 110 (group 1) were identified with electrocardiograms both in sinus rhythm and AF, and 123 (group 2) constantly in sinus rhythm. In both groups we analyzed: the presence of partial (P≥120 msec) or advanced (P>120 msec and biphasic in D2, D3, aVF) IAB, and the main electrocardiographic and clinical features. Age and gender between the two groups were similar. IAB was present in 89/110 (80.91%) in group 1 and 26/123 (21.13%) in group 2 (P=<0.01); partial in 50/110 (45.45%) and 19/123 (15.7%) in group 1 and 2 respectively (P<0.01), advanced in 39/110 (35.45%) and 7/123 (5.69%) (P<0.019). The correlation between IAB and AF was significant (P<0.001); 36 (65.4%) patients out of 55 with atrial echo dilatation had IAB and 14 (25.4%) had deep terminal negativity of P-wave in V1 (DTNPV1) >0.1 mV (P<0.01). IAB represents a reliable predictor of AF; moreover, the sensitivity of the IAB in detecting atrial dilatation is higher than the DTNPV1 >0.1 mV.

Tositumomab and Iodine I 131 Tositumomab (the BEXXAR® Therapeutic Regimen) Shows Efficacy in Elderly Patients (pts) with Relapsed/Refractory Low-Grade (LG), Follicular, and Transformed Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL).

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2630-2630
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Gregory ◽  
Andrew Zelenetz ◽  
Susan J. Knox ◽  
Julie Vose ◽  
John P. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Involvement ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Prior Therapy ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective: Pts are first diagnosed with NHL at a median age of 60 yrs. There is increasing support for the idea that physicians should evaluate older pts for cancer treatment on the basis of their health status and cognitive function rather than on chronologic age. Five core clinical trials and an expanded-access program included 995 pts with relapsed/refractory LG follicular or transformed NHL treated with BEXXAR. Data were analyzed to establish the efficacy and safety of BEXXAR as a function of age. Safety data have been presented previously (Gregory et al. Blood. 2003;102. Abstract 1485). Overall toxicity and acute hematologic toxicity associated with BEXXAR in older pts is similar to that observed in pts ≤60 yrs. Methods: BEXXAR efficacy was analyzed by age: group 1 pts, ≤60 yrs (n=586); group 2 pts, >60–≤70 yrs (n=250); group 3 pts, >70 yrs (n=159). Median age at time of BEXXAR was 58 yrs (range, 21–88 yrs). Inclusion criteria included KPS ≥60, platelet count ≥100,000/mm3, ANC ≥1,500 cells/mm3, bone marrow involvement ≤25%, and no impaired renal, hepatic, or cardiac function. Results: All 3 pt groups had received multiple therapies for NHL before receiving BEXXAR (1–3 prior treatments, 63%–65%; ≥4 prior treatments, 34%–37%). In addition to the known poorer prognosis with older age, pts in groups 2 and 3 more frequently had other poor prognostic features, ie, transformed histology and prior radiotherapy (P <.001). Complete response rates (CR+CCR) to the most recent pre-BEXXAR therapy decreased with increasing age (group 1, 21%; group 2, 12%; group 3, 7%), and progressive disease as the initial “response” to prior therapy increased with age (group 1, 20%; group 2, 29%; group 3, 33%). Table 1 shows response rates and CR post- BEXXAR for the 3 groups. Post-BEXXAR CR+CCR rates were higher for pts in every age group compared with CR rates to prior therapy. These rates were nearly doubled for pts >60–≤70 yrs (23% vs 12%) and tripled for pts >70 yrs (23% vs 7%). Conclusions: Of all previously treated pts >60 yrs, ≥50% achieved a response post-BEXXAR. Nearly 25% of pts >60 yrs achieved a CR, with a median duration of CR of 32.3 mos. Response rates and durations of response are somewhat better in younger pts than in pts >60 yrs, but pts >60 yrs presented with poorer prognostic features (as above). Overall toxicity and acute hematologic toxicity associated with BEXXAR in older pts is similar to that observed in pts ≤60 yrs (Gregory et al. Blood. 2003;102. Abstract 1485). BEXXAR can be administered safely and effectively to older pts with low-grade follicular or transformed NHL. Table 1 Response results to BEXXAR by age, N = 995 Age groups Overall response, % CR, % Median CR duration, mos ≤ 60 66 37 59.1 (n=586) 95% CI = 45.8, NR) 60 to ≤70 N = 250 50 23 21.8 (n=250) (95% CI = 15.7, 69.1) >70 54 23 36.4 (n=159) (95% CI = 22.6, NR)

Can the CAMCOG be a good cognitive test for patients with Alzheimer's disease with low levels of education?

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Aprahamian ◽  
José Eduardo Martinelli ◽  
Juliana Cecato ◽  
Rafael Izbicki ◽  
Mônica Sanches Yassuda
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACTBackground: The Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) is a useful test in screening for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the interpretation of CAMCOG cut-off scores is problematic and reference values are needed for different educational strata. Given the importance of earlier diagnoses of mild dementia, new cut-off values are required which take into account patients with low levels of education. This study aims to evaluate whether the CAMCOG can be used as an accurate screening test among AD patients and normal controls with different educational levels.Methods: Cross-sectional assessment was undertaken of 113 AD and 208 elderly controls with heterogeneous educational levels (group 1: 1–4 years; group 2: 5–8 years; and group 3: ≥ 9 years) from a geriatric clinic. submitted to a thorough diagnostic evaluation for AD including the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX). Controls had no cognitive or mood complaints. Sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) for the CAMCOG in each educational group was assessed with receiver-operator-characteristic (ROC) curves.Results: CAMCOG mean values were lower when education was reduced in both diagnostic groups (controls – group 1: 87; group 2: 91; group 3: 96; AD – group 1: 63; group 2: 62; group 3: 77). Cut-off scores for the three education groups were 79, 80 and 90, respectively. SE and SP varied among the groups (group 1: 88.1% and 83.5%; group 2: 84.6% and 96%; group 3: 70.8% and 90%).Conclusion: The CAMCOG can be used as a cognitive test for patients with low educational level with good accuracy. Patients with higher education showed lower scores than previously reported.

scholarly journals Changes caused by hidrocephalus, induced by kaolin, in the corpus callosum of adult dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvaldo José Rodrigues Cardoso ◽  
João José Lachat ◽  
Luiza Silva Lopes ◽  
Antonio Carlos dos Santos ◽  
Benedicto Oscar Colli
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Ventricular Enlargement ◽  
Ventricular Volumes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Overall Mortality ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To analyze the ventricular enlargement and myelination of the corpus callosum in adult dogs after four and eight weeks of kaolin-induction of hydrocephalus. METHODS: 36 dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1 - without hydrocephalus, 2 - kaolin-induction of hydrocephalus until the fourth week, and 3 - kaolin-induction of hydrocephalus until the eighth week. Ventricular ratios and volumes were calculated using magnetic resonance images, and myelination of the corpus callosum were histologically evaluated using solocromo-cianin stain. RESULTS: Radiological hydrocephalus was observed in 93.75% and overall mortality was 38.4%. Ventricular volumes and ratios were higher in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1 and similar when measures in the fourth and eighth weeks were compared in the group 3. Indices of luminescence in the knee and in the splenium of the corpus callosum were higher in group 2 than in group 1 indicating that there was loss of myelin in group 2, and similar in groups 1 and 3, showing a tendency to remyelination after 8 weeks. CONCLUSION: The corpus callosum of dogs with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus responds with demyelination of the knee and splenium by the fourth week with a tendency to remyelination by the eighth week.

scholarly journals Different estrus induction protocols and fixed time artificial insemination during the anoestrous period in non-lactating Kivircik ewes

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. DOGAN ◽  
Z. NUR ◽  
B. KILINC
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Fresh Semen ◽  
Group 1

The efficiency of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) sponges or norgestomet ear implants (half or entire) for synchronizing and inducing the estrous cycle in non-lactating Kivircik ewes was investigated during the natural non-breeding period. Ewes were treated for 11 days either with 60 mg MAP sponges (group 1, n=27) or with 1.5 mg norgestomet (group 2, n=25) or with 3 mg norgestomet (group 3, n=27) ear implants. In addition, each ewe received an intramuscular injection of 500 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and 125 μg cloprostenol (PGF2α), 48 h prior to progestagen removal. Double Cervical Artificial Insemination (AI) with diluted fresh semen was performed at a fixed time (36 and 48 h) following progestagen withdrawal. Mean values for estrous detection rates at the first 12 ± 6 h and within 72 h, the time from progestagen removal to the onset of estrous, the duration of the induced estrous and pregnancy rate were found to be 46.8%, 86.1%, 26.1 ± 7.3 h, 27.0 ± 10.7 h and 27.8%, respectively. There were significant differences between groups 2 and 3 in the time of induced estrous onset (P<0.05). These results indicate that, each of the three protocols was equally efficient in inducing and synchronizing estrus in non-lactating Kivircik ewes during the natural non-breeding period.

scholarly journals A symmetric hypocorrection of myopia by FemtoLASIK in patients with presbyopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Khodzhabekyan ◽  
A. T. Khandzhyan ◽  
E. P. Tarutta
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Corneal Hydration ◽  
Flap Thickness ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: to evaluate the results of symmetric binocular hypocorrection of myopia with FemtoLasik surgery in patients with presbyopia of various age groups.Material and methods. 33 patients (66 eyes) with myopic refraction, aged 36 to 50, were operated by FemtoLasik. The intended Femto Flap thickness was 100 μm. The patients were divided into three groups depending on age; group 1 included 16 patients (32 eyes) aged 39–44, group 2 had 12 patients (24 eyes) aged 45–50, and group 3 (controls) was composed of 5 patients (10 eyes) of pre-presbyopic age (36–38 years).Results. The symmetric binocular hypocorrection proved efficient in 35 % of cases in the group 1 and 50 % of cases in group 2. In the control group the intended and obtained values coincided in all 100 % of cases.Conclusion. A possible cause of the discrepancy between the intended and the obtained hypocorrection effect may be a reduced corneal hydration of patients older than 39 years.

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