The Experience of Our Cardiovascular Surgery Intensive Care in Preoperative False-Negative and Asymptomatic Patients with SARS-COV-2 Infection

Objective: There is little data in the literature on the effects of COVID-19 in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Our aim in this study is to describe the post-cardiac surgical effects of COVID-19, the basic characteristics of the patients and their laboratory findings; and also to discuss the mechanism underlying the poor diagnostic performance of rRT-PCR. Methods: The data of 191 patients who were operated between 18 May 2020- 07 June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 12 patients who were asymptomatic and rRT-PCR (-) preoperatively and rRT-PCR positive postoperatively were included. Patients who required emergency operation, did not perform rRT-PCR in the preoperative period or had rRT-PCR (+), had outpatient surgery were not included. The patients’ age, operation, length of stay in the ICU, intubation times, echocardiography, blood gas and biochemistry results and PCR results were recorded. Results: In the study, postoperative rRT-PCR was studied from 87 patients and the result was (+) in 12 (13.8%) patients. Two of 12 (16.7%) patients died due to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. While the mean values of preoperative leukocytes (7.78 103/mcL), lymphocytes (1.52 103/mcL) and CRP (49.27mg/dL) were within the normal range, the mean values of ferritin (823 ng/ml) and D-Dimer (1138 ng/ml) were above the normal range. Conclusion: We recommend that patients has to be isolated for at least 7 days before the operation. Also sputum samples from the tracheal tube should be studied simultaneously nasopharyngeal PCR samples in the preoperative and the early postoperative period in order to minimize false negative PCR results.

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Assessment of nutritional status of students of medical institute according to the blood biochemical parameters

Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Inspector) ◽

10.33920/med-08-2007-07 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 55-63

Author(s):

Rofail Rakhmanov ◽

Elena Bogomolova ◽

Mariya Shaposhnikova ◽

Mariya Sapozhnikova

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Lower Boundary ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Specific Situation ◽

Mathematical Methods ◽

Normal Range ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean

The biochemical blood parameters characterizing the students ’nutritional status were evaluated: protein, lipid, carbohydrate metabolism, a number of minerals. The mean values, errors of the mean, median (Me), boundary (Q) and the range of 25–75 percentiles were determined. In 9.1 % of students and 28.6 % of students, the total protein was increased. Creatinine in men was in the upper normal range, in women — at the upper limit of normal, of which 46.2 % was higher than normal. The interval Q25–75 of uric acid in students is determined in the lower normal zone. In 40.0 % of men, decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Q25–75 corresponded to 1.15–1.79), in women — below normal, Q25–75 5 was 1.3–1.5, decreased in 73.3 %. Me and Q25–75 iron were in the lower normal range; 14.1 % of men and 13.2 % of women are below normal. Me sodium and potassium at the level of the lower boundary of the norm, Q25–75 in the lower zone of the norm: in 16.0 % and 15.4 % of students the levels are reduced. Calcium is slightly above the lower limit of the norm, Q25–75–2.1–2.24, indicating an insufficient intake in the whole group; 25.0 % are below normal. The border of the 25th percentile of magnesium is at the level of the lower border of the norm, in 19.2 % it is reduced. 7.2 % lack of chlorine. Phosphorus is normal, but Q25–75 is in the upper zone; 17.9 % increased. Biochemical markers can identify individuals with metabolic disorders of nutrients. Statistical indicators — the median, the boundaries of 25–75 quartiles and their scope characterize the metabolism of macronutrients and minerals in the group and subgroups of students. Laboratory and mathematical methods can provide a basis for identifying the specific causes of these changes. For this, you can use the questionnaire method of studying the nutrition of students, possibly using the developed questionnaires for a specific situation.

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Colorimetric Method for Rapid Determination of Serum Arginase

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/13.10.900 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 900-908 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Brigitta Mellerup

Keyword(s):

Rapid Determination ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Normal Range ◽

Clinical Routine ◽

Mean Values ◽

Enzymatic Formation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Normal Men

Abstract A method for the determination of serum arginase is given which combines the enzymatic formation of urea with the sensitive method of Coulombe (1) for measuring this substance. This procedure allows more accurate determinations in the normal range than do previous methods described and is convenient for clinical routine. Significant difference is found between the mean values of normal men and women, 3.9 units/L. for the former and 2.9 units/L. for the latter.

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Urinary Steroids in Depressive Illness

Scottish Medical Journal ◽

10.1177/003693307101600403 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 224-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Balfour Sclare ◽

J. K. Grant

Keyword(s):

Depressive Illness ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Normal Range ◽

Mean Values ◽

Female Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Depressive Patients ◽

Source Of Information

A longitudinal study of urinary 17-OHCS in 16 depressive patients showed mean values within the accepted normal range. There were no significant differences between pre-treatment and post-treatment values; only the female patients showed a tendency to have somewhat lower post-treatment levels. 17-KS output was measured in 18 depressive patients. The mean values were within the normal range. There was no significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment values although the female patients displayed a tendency towards somewhat lower levels following treatment. DHA and EA excretion were measured in 9 depressive patients. There was a very wide variance in the findings. There was no significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment levels. The significance of the above findings is discussed. It is considered that measurements of urinary excretion of corticosteroids in affective disorders constitute a limited source of information.

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Hypophosphatasia: Evaluation of Size and Mineral Density of Exfoliated Teeth

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4628-40.6.496 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 496-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Hayashi-Sakai ◽

N Numa-Kinjoh ◽

M Sakamoto ◽

J Sakai ◽

J Matsuyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Density Distribution ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Normal Range ◽

Mean Values ◽

Present Patient ◽

Ct Analysis ◽

The Mean

Objective: Most cases of hypophosphatasia (HPP) exhibit early loss of primary teeth. Results of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis of teeth with HPP have not yet been reported. The purpose of the present study was to describe the size and mineral density distribution and mapping of exfoliated teeth with HPP using micro CT. Study design: Seven exfoliated teeth were obtained from a patient with HPP. Exfoliated teeth sizes were measured on micro CT images and mineral densities of the mandibular primary central incisors were determined. Results: Partial dentures were fabricated for the patient to replace the eight primary teeth which had exfoliated. Most primary teeth sizes were within the normal range. The mean values of enamel and dentin mineral densities in teeth with HPP were 1.35 and 0.88 g/cm3, respectively, in the mandibular primary central incisors. Conclusion: Mineral density distribution and mapping revealed that the values in teeth with HPP were lower than the homonymous teeth controls in all regions from the crown to apex. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the differences between HPP and controls were larger on the crown side and the differences tended to converge on the apex side. These results suggested that the present patient showed mild hypomineralization in the primary dentition.

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Ventilatory Chemosensitivity in Subjects with a History of Childhood Cyanotic Breath-Holding Spells

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.75.1.76 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 76-79

Author(s):

Nick G. Anas ◽

John T. McBride ◽

Christian Boettrich ◽

Kenneth McConnochie ◽

John G. Brooks

Keyword(s):

Breath Holding ◽

Normal Range ◽

Mean Values ◽

History Of Childhood ◽

Ventilatory Responses ◽

History Of ◽

Progressive Hypoxia ◽

The Mean ◽

Voluntary Breath Holding ◽

Infants And Young Children

The ability of children with cyanotic breath-holding spells to respond to anger or frustration by voluntary breath-holding for prolonged periods (often to the point of precipitating hypoxic seizure activity) suggested the hypothesis that such children may have a less powerful urge to breathe in the presence of hypoxia and/or hypercapnia than children who do not have breath-holding spells. Because ventilatory chemosensitivity is difficult to measure in infants and young children, this hypothesis was tested indirectly by measuring the ventilatory responses to hyperoxic progressive hypercapnia and to isocapnic progressive hypoxia of seven individuals who had a history of cyanotic breath-holding spells in infancy and 17 control subjects. The mean values for sensitivity to hypoxia and to hypercapnia were not significantly different between the two groups, and the responses of the majority of the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells were clearly within the normal range. There were fewer individuals with high-normal ventilatory responses among the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells. Although children with cyanotic breath-holding spells may have decreased ventilatory chemosensitivity transiently during infancy or may differ from other children in some other aspect of the control of breathing, the pathogenesis of infantile cyanotic breath-holding spells does not involve a permanently blunted sensitivity to hypercapnia or hypoxia.

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Different Patellar Indices and Their Role in Decision-Making: An MRI-Based Study

The Journal of Knee Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0039-3402045 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sivashanmugam Raju ◽

Karthikeyan Chinnakkannu ◽

Balasubramanian Balakumar ◽

Ramanivas Sundareyan ◽

Saravanakumar P. Kaliappan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Patellofemoral Pain ◽

Mr Images ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Mean Values ◽

Patellar Position ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

The Mean ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

The Many

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of knee has become the integral part of knee evaluation, hence any MRI based study adds more value if it helps in the decision-making process, especially for surgery in treating patellofemoral pain. We tried to determine normal patellar indices using knee MR images and the correlation between them and also compared the results with different ethnic population. We analyzed the prospectively collected MR images of 117 knees/patients, and Insall–Salvati (IS) index, modified IS index, patellotrochlear (PT) index, and patellophyseal (PP) index were calculated. Two standard deviations from the mean were used to define the normal and abnormal patellar position. Cohen's kappa values were used to assess the agreement between the indices and the correlation between them was analyzed using Pearson's correlation. The mean values for IS index, modified IS index, PT index, and PP index were 1.00, 1.53, 0.40, and 0.58, respectively. There was very good agreement between PT index and PP index. There was weak correlation between all the indices except the one between PT and PP indices which had a strong negative correlation. Based on commonly used methodology, there were 4% of asymptomatic patients who were outside the standardized cut-off values and different indices classified different knees as abnormal. This indicates patellar position should be one among the many other factors, not as a sole factor when making a surgical decision in patellofemoral pain. We also noted that the indices compared fairly with other populations. Further research is needed to determine the clinical applicability of these indices.

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THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF COVID-19 PATIENTS

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v5i11.2303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Sangeeta Gahlot ◽

Surendra Yadav ◽

Makkhan Lal Saini

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Age Groups ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

The Mean ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Background: In this study, epidemiological profiles of COVID-19 patients who have visited the hospital have been evaluated. Methods: We collected data of 100 patients from their medical records. These data included age, sex, comorbidities, levels of illness severity (mild, moderate, severe, and asymptomatic), signs and symptoms, treatment options, laboratory findings, and computed tomography (CT) images Results: The mean age were 61.23±12.36 years with age groups ranging from 17 to 85 years. Men were 69; M:F ratio being 2.26:1. There were 76 symptomatic and 24 asymptomatic patients. Mortality was higher in symptomatic patients. Conclusion: Patients aged more than 60 years are more prone for severe disease with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia and this subset of patients requires urgent medical attention. Keywords: Age, Sex, COVID-19.

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Pattern of Pulmonary Dysfunctions in Craniovertebral Junction Anomaly and Its Persistence after Rigid Occipitocervical Fixation

Indian Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1712064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (03) ◽

pp. 157-161

Author(s):

Shaam Bodeliwala ◽

Vikas Nagar ◽

Hukum Singh ◽

Daljit Singh ◽

Anita Jagetia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Normal Values ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Craniovertebral Junction ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Mean Values ◽

Restrictive Lung Disease ◽

Occipitocervical Fixation ◽

The Mean

Abstract Introduction Despite a significant advancement in operative techniques of occipitocervical fixation, there is a poor postoperative patient outcome. This can be attributed to restrictive lung pattern in craniovertebral junction anomalies (CVJAs) patients resulting from repeated trauma to cervicomedullary junction by the pincer action of the bony anomalies and compression of the brainstem. We evaluate the changes in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) following rigid occipitocervical fixation in CVJA. Methods PFTs of 20 CVJA patients were measured pre and postoperatively using spirometry. Measurements included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum forced mid-expiratory flow rate (FEF25–75%), and ratio of FEV1 and FVC (FEV1%). The parameters were compared with the predicted normal values based on their age and sex. PFTs were repeated on the seventh postoperative day. McCormick grading was used to assess neurological function. Results The values of PFTs in the preoperative period were significantly lower than predicted normal values. The mean values of FVC, FEV1, FEF25–75% were 72, 68, and 71% of their mean predicted values, with FEV1% in the range of 70 to 95% with a mean of 81.4%. Postoperatively there was further significant reduction in the mean values of FVC, FEV1, FEF25–75%, and FEV1% compared with the preoperative values. There was neurological improvement in McCormick grades of patients postoperatively (from grade III and IV to grade II). Conclusion A significant restrictive lung disease is present in patients of CVJA, even though not clinically apparent, and it persists in the early postoperative period. However, a long-term follow-up is required to assess whether pulmonary function parameters improve subsequently.

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Relationship Between Proximal Articular Set Angle and Hallux Abducto Valgus

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/87507315-92-6-331 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 331-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jill Ferrari ◽

James Malone-Lee

Keyword(s):

Metatarsal Head ◽

Valgus Deformity ◽

Normal Range ◽

Mean Values ◽

Lateral Tilt ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Positive Linear Correlation ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

A study of radiographs from 50 males and 50 females was undertaken to determine whether a relationship existed between the proximal articular set angle and the hallux abductus angle. Gender differences in the relationship were also investigated. The normal range for the proximal articular set angle was –2.6° to 8.6°, with a mean of 5°. There was no significant difference in the mean values between males and females. A positive linear correlation between the proximal articular set angle and hallux abducto valgus deformity was found (R2 = 0.52), suggesting that an increased lateral tilt of the metatarsal head is one of the factors that lead to hallux abducto valgus deformity. The relationship between proximal articular set angle and hallux abducto valgus deformity was similar in males and females and did not account for the increased hallux deformity seen in females. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 92(6): 331-335, 2002)

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Management of displaced patella fracture with modified tension band wiring and percutaneous cannulated screws-a dilemma

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20210629 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 351

Author(s):

Vishal Singh ◽

Avinash Gundavarapu ◽

Alokeshwar Sharma ◽

Tejas Patel

Keyword(s):

Screw Fixation ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Tension Band ◽

Tension Band Wiring ◽

Prospective Clinical Study ◽

Patella Fracture ◽

Fixation Technique ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean ◽

Better Than

Background: Displaced patella fracture has seen various surgical management methods in the past among which tension band wiring (TBW) and less invasive percutaneous cannulated cancellous (CC) screw fixation are mostly preferred and debated on which is better option. The study has been designed to compare the functional outcome and various parameters of both the methods.Methods: The study was conducted as prospective clinical study in 30 skeletally mature patients with x-ray evidence of patella fracture fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, out of which 15 were done tension band wiring and rest percutaneous cancellous screw and outcome graded as excellent, good, fair and poor based on Lysholm knee score.Results: The comparison of the mean values of the Lysholm score in patients operated with patella TBW (92.47) were better than with percutaneous CC screw fixation (88.93). Patella TBW was responsible for all the cases of infection 2 (6.67%) and delayed non-union 1 (3.33%). Whereas stiff was nearly equal in both the techniques. The comparison of the mean values of the knee flexion in patients operated by using percutaneous CC screw (107.27) was better than patella TBW (105.67).Conclusions: Patients managed with CC screw fixation technique achieved better knee function, especially in the early postoperative period. The reported advantages of the percutaneous fixation technique include avoidance of extended incisions, preservation of the blood supply to the patella, and the possibility of a simpler removal of all hardware in the clinical setting. These results suggest that the percutaneous CC screw technique may be a superior alternative to conventional modified tension band wiring.

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