scholarly journals Public Health Care and Government Health Expenditures in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Mudasir Ali ◽  
Durdana Qaiser Gilani ◽  
An ul Abdin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Expenditure Need ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adf Test

This study evaluates the impact of health care expenditure by the government on health sector outcomes in Pakistan by using data from the period 1982 to 2016. To examine whether the variables are stationary, the ADF test is run whereas the relationship among the variables is tested through the ARDL model technique. The empirical result from the regression equation shows that healthcare expenditure affects significantly the health sector outcome i.e., a decrease in infant deaths in the long run. Bilateral and multilateral fund assistance becomes a part of health expenditure in less progressive countries which is helpful for increasing the resource allocation in the vital segment of the economy. Hence funds allocated for health care expenditure need to be sensibly utilized because it will help in achieving a portion of the Millennium Development Goals. Improved wellbeing can be achieved as an outcome of enhanced capacities of the health sector as a result of the proper allocation of public healthcare funds.

The Nexus between Public Health Care Expenditure and Health Outcomes in India

GIS Business ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 300-312
Author(s):  
Bandita Deka
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Health Care Market ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Financing Health Care ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The issue of financing health care has assumed greater significance in the developing world.There are two broad approaches of financing health care- market-based and government (public) financed. Considering the social welfare obligations, market mechanism is unlikely to operate at the best interest of the people who live at the bottom end of the income distribution. Hence, from welfare perspective, the government needs to intervene more vigorously in the areas of education and health. Governments have assumed considerable importance in the provision of certain goods and services of which health care is of significant importance…in provision of health care services free of cost or at subsidized prices (Gertler 1990). There is a need to understand the relationship (nexus) between increasing public spending and improving health outcomes. Therefore, this paper makes an attempt to examine the impact of government expenditure on health care in health outcomes in India.

scholarly journals Moderating Effect of Political Instability on ICT and Economic Growth Nexus in Kenya: ARDL Bound - Co-Integration Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matundura Erickson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adf Test ◽  
The Relationship

The government has attempted to target specific macroeconomic factors in order to stimulate economic growth in Kenya through monetary and fiscal policies. Despite these efforts, Kenya's GDP growth is hampered by high interest rates and high interest rate volatility. Kenya's ability to address macroeconomic instability hinges on its ability to increase economic growth. Auxiliary evidence shows that perspectives on the relationship between ICT and economic growth are segmented. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of ICT on economic growth in Kenya, as well as the moderating effect of political instability on the relationship. The research was based on Solow's theory of growth. An explanatory research design was used, with data spanning from 1990-2020 obtained from Kenya Bureau of Statistics. In the empirical analysis, the study used the bound test to test for a long-run relationship and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) to evaluate the relationship between the variables. The data was subjected to an Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test to determine stationarity.The long run ARDL results indicated that the coefficients of; ICT rate were insignificant . However with the introduction of political instability as the moderator ICT was significant and positively affected economic growth. Political instability moderated the relationship between ICT ( and economic growth. As a result, promoting effective governance should help to improve political stability. The findings of this study will help the government figure out how to address the problem of low economic growth. According to the study, the government should invest in the ICT sector to improve its accessibility and affordability. Additionally, the government should work to improve political stability and good governance by gradually establishing institutions that uphold the rule of law and provide security.

scholarly journals Ethical Challenges in Health Care Policy during COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Davide Ferorelli ◽  
Gabriele Mandarelli ◽  
Biagio Solarino
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Malpractice Claims ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Italy has proven to be one of the countries with the highest coronavirus-linked death rate. To reduce the impact of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, the Italian Government decision-makers issued a series of law decrees that imposed measures limiting social contacts, stopped non-essential production activities, and restructured public health care in order to privilege assistance to patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Health care services were substantially limited including planned hospitalization and elective surgeries. These substantial measures were criticized due to their impact on individual rights including freedom and autonomy, but were justified by the awareness that hospitals would have been unable to cope with the surge of infected people who needed treatment for COVID-19. The imbalance between the need to guarantee ordinary care and to deal with the pandemic, in a context of limited health resources, raises ethical concerns as well as clinical management issues. The emergency scenario caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in the lockdown phase, led the Government and health care decision-makers to prioritize community safety above the individuals’ rights. This new community-centered approach to clinical care has created tension among the practitioners and exposed health workers to malpractice claims. Reducing the morbidity and mortality rates of the COVID-19 pandemic is the priority of every government, but the legitimate question remains whether the policy that supports this measure could be less harmful for the health care system.

The Precautionary Saving Effect of Government Consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Ercolani ◽  
Nicola Pavoni
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Precautionary Saving ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Health Shocks ◽  
Government Consumption ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Saving Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We study a largely neglected channel through which government expenditures can boost private consumption. We set up a dynamic model in which households are subject to health shocks. We take the model to the data and estimate a negative impact of public health care on household consumption dispersion, wealth and saving. According to our model, this result is explained by a change in the level of precautionary saving, with public health care acting as a form of consumption insurance. We compute the implied consumption multipliers by simulating the typical government consumption shock within a calibrated general equilibrium version of our model, with flexible prices. The impact consumption multiplier generated by the decrease in the level of precautionary saving is positive and sizable. When we include the effect of taxation, the sign of the impact multiplier depends on a few features of the model, such as the persistence of the health shocks. The long-run cumulative multiplier is negative across all calibrations.

Health care expenditure and child mortality in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-275
Author(s):  
Oluyemi Theophilus Adeosun ◽  
Omolara Morounkeji Faboya
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

PurposeHealth improves the proficiency and output generated by individuals. It also raises physical as well as mental abilities, which are required for the growth and advancement of any economy. Many infant diseases have been recognised via contemporary technology in a bid to tackle these diseases. However, children within the African continent (Including Nigeria) die en masse from diseases. This has made the government of Nigeria allocate sizeable part of the nation's budget to healthcare system. The allocation to health is, however, yet to translate to improved health condition for Nigerians. It does not measure up to the World Health Organization's (WHO) standards for apportioning budget to the health sector. This study also analyses empirically the impact of healthcare expenses on the mortality level of infants as well as Nigeria's neonatal mortality level.Design/methodology/approachThe paper focuses on Nigeria. Vector auto regression model techniques, unit root tests and cointegration test were carried out using time series date for the period between 1986 and 2016.FindingsThe outcome has revealed that expenditure on healthcare possesses a negative correlation with the mortality of infants and neonates. The study discovers that if the Nigerian government raises and maintains health expenditure specifically on activities focused on minimising infant mortality, it will translate to reduction in infant mortality in Nigeria.Originality/valueThis paper has contributed exhaustively to solution to poor expenditure on healthcare, especially child mortality, in Nigeria.

The impact of Health Sector Evolution Plan on the performance of hospitals in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satar Rezaei ◽  
Mohammad Hajizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Bazyar ◽  
Ali Kazemi Karyani ◽  
Behrooz Jahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Recent Reform ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP) is the most recent reform in Iran’s health care system that was launched in May 2014 in all university-affiliated hospitals to reduce health care expenditure for patients, while improving the efficiency and quality of hospital services. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the HSEP on the performance of 15 hospitals affiliated with Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), located in the western region of Iran. Design/methodology/approach The Pabon Lasso model was used to measure the performance of hospitals before and after the implementation of the HSEP in 2013-2014 and 2015-2016, respectively. Three indicators of average length of stay (ALoS), bed occupancy rate (BOR) and bed turnover rate (BTR) were analyzed by the Pabon Lasso model. Findings The results showed that the average ALoS, BTR and BOR before the introduction of the HSEP were 2.59 days, 92 times and 57 percent, respectively, and the corresponding figures for these indicators after the implementation of the HSEP were 2.61 days, 98.9 times and 59.9 percent. The results indicated that before the introduction of the HESP, 40 percent of hospitals were in zone 1 (poor performance: low BTR and BOR and high ALoS), 27 percent in zone 2, 20 percent in zone 3 (good performance: high BTR and BOR and low ALoS) and 13 percent in zone 4. After the HSEP, the proportion of hospitals in zones 1-4 was 33, 27, 20 and 20 percent, respectively. Originality/value This study is the first to use the Pabon Lasso model technique to evaluate the impact of the HSEP on hospitals affiliated with KUMS.

scholarly journals PATTERN OF HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURE OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC: A CASE STUDY OF HOSPITAL PATIENTS IN KANNUR DISTRICT, KERALA, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-449
Author(s):  
Maneesh P ◽  
Aicha EL ALAOUI
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public Health Care System ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Government

In Kerala, the disturbing trend is that the public health care system is getting alienated from the people since 1980’s. About 30% of the lower income families seeks medical service from the government hospitals. This is because of the fall in the quality of the services of the government hospitals. In the present situation, the rate of utilization of the private sector can be increased drastically pointing to the poor performance of the public health care system. The government hospital has some problems like poor physical or infrastructure facilities, ineffective leadership and unsatisfactory supply of drugs and medical supplies faculty of staffing procedure. These above stated problems do not exist in private hospitals. Therefore, the present study carried out to assess the healthcare expenditure of government and private hospitals patients in Kannur district. The study was conducted during 2015-16. The sample size of the survey contains a total of 120 respondents from Kannur district. The study analyses the interrelationship between health care expenditure and major socioeconomic factors such as monthly income, age, gender, marital status and occupation. The health care expenditure divided into two-direct and indirect health care cost. The direct health care cost includes- user fee charge, medical charge, diagnostic charge and surgical cost. The indirect health care cost comprises of transportation charge, food and bevarages charge and accommodation charges. The study found that the direct cost of health care is high in both private and public sector hospitals. Finally, the study suggests that an initiative along the role of government is requested to secure the health demands of poor as health care costs are growing over time.

A NEED FOR INDIA TO INVEST MORE IN THE HEALTH CARE SECTOR TO PROVIDE BETTER HEALTH SERVICES TO ITS PEOPLE AFTER LOOKING AT THE COVID-19 CASUALTY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Sumanta Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Health Care Sector ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
The People ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Government

With 75% of the health are expenditure comes from the people of India , the rest is by the government , the government spends only 1.6% of the GDP on health care sector , there is major problems in our health care sector starting from shortage of beds , to lack of doctors and nurses , the difference in the quality of treatment in the urban and rural areas as well as in private and public hospitals . The doctors even limit themselves to the private hospital because of maximum facilities , the cost of treatment is so high that half of the people die out of loan , The government during this catastrophic has provided and increased its budget for the treatment and for public health care facilities but that is not enough during at one time . around 1.8 million people have died in the pandemic situation , in India only 2 % of the people have been vaccinated . India has entered the second wave of corona virus , when it comes to rural India , there is hardly any facility available , especially for the pregnant women and its child during this COVID-19 pandemic . There is lack of medical facilities in India both rural and urban , infrastructural and human resources to cure the people . India is being dependent on other countries for import of oxygen cylinders , India is the global hotspot of COVID at present . Keywords: health care, expenditure, covid-19, budget, GDP, vaccinated, catastrophic

scholarly journals Assessment and patients perception of the impact of accreditation on the quality of public healthcare delivery in primary and secondary healthcare settings

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Sherry P Mathew ◽  
Vishnu Sunil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Certification Procedure ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Impact

Accreditation is a crucial component that stresses patient safety and service quality. The goal of this study was to fill in the gaps by evaluating the impact of accreditation in primary and secondary public health care settings. A survey questionnaire was used to perform this cross-sectional study from July 2017 to July 2018. The study used a positivist paradigm, examining quantitative indicators before and after the certification procedure to determine the influence of accreditation.Due to the fact that the data were not normally distributed, the variables were measured on an ordinal scale, the observations from both groups were independent of one another, and the distribution of the variable was similar in each group, the Kruskal– Wallis test was used to determine statistical significance. The mean score for components spanning structural, procedural, and outcome domains has been calculated for certified and non-accredited hospitals. Certified hospitals have higher median values for all structures in primary health-care facilities than non-accredited hospitals. Most of the constructs have a lower or equal median value in accredited secondary care facilities than in non-accredited facilities. Accreditation has the potential to have a positive impact on the entire facility. Nonetheless, authorities must see accreditation as a way of holistic and continual reform if they are to ensure the intended outcome from this lengthy and costly procedure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document