scholarly journals Level of Engagement with Social Networking Services and Fear of Online Victimization: The Role of Online Victimization Experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Yeonjae Park ◽  
Lynne M. Vieraitis
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
Fear Of Victimization ◽  
Online Victimization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Victimization Experience ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research indicates that fear of crime may lessen a person’s quality of life by leading them to avoid participating in social activities. The current study explores the relationship between fear of online victimization and participants’ levels of engagement with social networking services (SNS). Using data from a survey of 1,000 adolescents and adults aged 14 to 59 years, the direct relationship between the level of engagement on SNS and fear of online victimization and the indirect relationship through prior victimization were assessed. Findings show that the direct effect of the level of engagement on SNS on victimization experience was significant. In addition, the relationship between the level of engagement and the fear of victimization on SNS was significantly mediated through prior victimization experiences on SNS. These findings support the hypothesis that greater exposure on SNS increases online victimization, leading to a greater fear of victimization on SNS. Considering the large role SNS play in social activities and relationships, the findings are important for understanding how victimization impacts fear and may help inform policymakers how to help people stay engaged freely in socializing in a safer online environment.

scholarly journals A Test of Structural Model for Fear of Crime in Social Networking Sites

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Seong-Sik Lee ◽  
Kyung-shick Choi ◽  
Sinyong Choi ◽  
Elizabeth Englander
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Fear Of Victimization ◽  
Victimization Risk ◽  
Using Data

This study constructed a structural model which consists of social demographic factors, experience of victimization, opportunity factors, and social context factors to explain the public’s fear of crime on social networking sites (SNS). The model is based on the risk interpretation model, which predicts that these factors influence users’ fear of crime victimization. Using data from 486 university students in South Korea, an empirically-tested model suggests that sex and age have direct and significant effects on fear of victimization, supporting the vulnerability hypothesis. Among opportunity factors, the level of personal information and the number of offending peers have significant effects on fear of victimization through the medium of the perceived victimization risk, although the effect of SNS usage time is not significant. In addition, it was revealed that experience of victimization has a direct effect on fear of victimization. Furthermore, findings indicate that bridging social network has a direct and indirect positive effect on fear of victimization, and collective efficacy has an indirect effect on fear of victimization. Results show that incidents in SNS have the strongest effect on fear of victimization among various factors in this model without being mediated by the perceived victimization risk. Overall, this study supports a structural model for the fear of victimization.

Consumer behavior in the omni-channel supply chain under social networking services

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 1785-1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yan ◽  
Yan-Ru Chen ◽  
Xiao-Tai Zhou ◽  
Jing Fang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mobile Terminal ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how social networking services (SNSs) affect consumers’ behaviors on the omni-channel supply chain by using a reverse research method. Design/methodology/approach Initially, a questionnaire was administered to obtain data on the relationship between the perception factors of channels and consumer behavior. Subsequently, a structural equation model was constructed, and consumer behavior were determined in the omni-channel supply chain. Finally, the importance of various factors that affected consumer behavior in the omni-channel supply chain under SNSs was determined. Findings Conclusions affirm that a positive effect on consumer channel behaviors occurs when buyers obtain information from social network platforms. However, regardless of online, offline, or mobile terminal, shortcomings are indicated in consumers’ lack of feedback on purchased goods and the bias of feedback. Originality/value The study explored ways to efficiently apply SNSs in building the omni-channel supply chain. Meanwhile, corresponding suggestions were provided such that companies will know about consumer needs.

The Longitudinal Association Between Passive Social Networking Site Usage and Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Envy and Moderating Role of Life Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-199
Author(s):  
Hai-Zhen Wang ◽  
Ting-Ting Yang ◽  
James Gaskin ◽  
Jin-Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The relationship between Social Networking Site (SNS) usage and depressive symptoms is a growing concern among mental health researchers and practitioners. The purpose of this study was to better understand the mechanism and context under which SNS use affects depressive symptoms. Method: We did this by examining envy as a mediator of the relationship between passive SNS usage and depression over time, with life satisfaction as a moderator of this mediation effect. The sample included 266 college students, who completed the surveys in two waves. Results: The results showed that envy fully mediated the association between passive SNS usage and depression. This indirect relationship was moderated by level of life satisfaction. Specifically, and unexpectedly, among individuals with higher levels of life satisfaction, more frequent passive SNS use was related to increased envy, which, in turn, was associated with increased depressive symptoms. However, this indirect relationship was non-significant for those with lower levels of life satisfaction. Discussion: Thus, the potential of passive SNS use to increase depressive symptoms through envy among individuals with high life satisfaction should be considered when mental health practitioners design interventions.

scholarly journals Facial Expressions of Visitors in Forests along the Urbanization Gradient: What Can We Learn from Selfies on Social Networking Services?

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxu Wei ◽  
Richard J. Hauer ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Xingyuan He
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Forest Parks ◽  
Northern City

People’s satisfaction towards the experience in forests is one of most important feedbacks that forest park managers need to meet positive visitors’ experiences. Although the drawbacks of questionnaire methodology are obvious for data collection from self-reported scores at the landscape scale, few alternative methods have been proposed. In this study, nine urban forest parks along the urbanization gradients in three capital cities of Northeast China were targeted to investigate their visitors’ selfies from social networking services (SNS) by assessing facial expressions. A total of 935 photos with location records were obtained from the SNS platform of Sina Micro-Blog in a social hot-event of ‘Golden Week Holidays of National Day of China’ of 2017. Images were recognized by FireFace software to assess scores of neutral, happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, disgusted, and contempt expressions. Data were ranked in descending order and analyzed by Friedman’s test, correlation analysis, and Poisson regression. Visitors in downtown-forests showed fewer negative expressions at the most northern city than at the southern most one. The negative expressions tended to be alleviated with the increasing distance of forest parks from downtown. However, when the distance reached over 10 km no geographical effect was found. Female visitors showed positive emotional expressions to urban forests while male visitors showed no response. In conclusion, using data from SNS, this study found an experience in forest park less than 10 km from the downtown of a northern city resulted in female visitors showing the most positive expressions.

Stressed Out and Strapped: Examining the Link Between Psychological Difficulties and Student Weapon Carrying and Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 980-998
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Johnson ◽  
Pamela Wilcox ◽  
Samuel Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Security ◽  
Weapon Carrying ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
The Relationship

Using data on middle-school adolescents from the Rural Substance Abuse and Violence Project (RSVP), the authors examined the extent to which psychological difficulties are related to student weapon carrying and use, net of other criminological variables. Furthermore, the authors examined whether psychological difficulties had variable effects across school contexts. Initial logistic regression models showed that variables tapping psychological difficulties (fear of crime, family history of mental illness, and low self-control) were significantly related to student weapon carrying and use. Once other criminological and demographic controls were added, only low self-control remained significant. Multilevel models incorporating random slope coefficients and cross-level interactions showed that the relationship between low self-control and student weapon carrying/use was attenuated in schools with higher levels of school efficacy and school security. Similarly, the relationship between fear of crime and weapon carrying depended on the level of school security, with the effect weakened as school security increased.

scholarly journals School testing culture and teacher satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Smith ◽  
Jessica Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Teacher Satisfaction ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Pool Data ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Teachers, as frontline providers of education, are increasingly targets of accountability reforms. Such reforms often narrowly define ‘teacher quality’ around performative terms. Past research suggests holding teachers to account for student performance measures (i.e. test scores) damages their job satisfaction, including increasing stress and burnout. This article examines whether the relationship between test-based accountability and teacher satisfaction can be, in part, explained by the emphasis of student test scores in teacher appraisals. Although historically used for formative purposes, recent research demonstrates that across a large range of countries, nearly all teachers work in a system where their appraisal is based, in part, on students’ test scores. Using data from the 2013 Teaching and Learning International Survey, we pool data from 33 countries to evaluate the direct and indirect effect of school testing culture on teacher satisfaction. Results suggest that there is a direct relationship between the intensity of the testing culture and the satisfaction of teachers, as well as an indirect relationship with test score emphasis in teacher appraisals suppressing potential positive effects of appraisals on teacher satisfaction.

Fear of Victimization Among Incarcerated Youths: Examining the Effects of Institutional “Neighborhood” Characteristics and Gang Membership

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi Lane ◽  
Gaylene S. Armstrong ◽  
Kathleen A. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Physical Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Fear Of Victimization ◽  
Using Data

This study examines whether neighborhood factors found to predict fear of crime among the general population can be adapted to explain inmate fear of victimization inside juvenile correctional institutions. We test (a) whether institutional physical disorder, resident trust, and formal social control can predict fear of victimization, and (b) whether the importance of these factors for fear of victimization varies based on preincarceration street gang status. Using data from a large national sample of incarcerated youths, findings indicate non-gang members are more afraid of institutional victimization than gang members, confirming findings about levels of fear between these groups on the street. “Neighborhood” (institutional) physical disorder and resident trust predicted fear for gang and non-gang youths, whereas formal social control was significant only among non-gang youths. We discuss policy implications and directions for future research.

scholarly journals The silent impact of hearing loss: using longitudinal data to explore the effects on depression and social activity restriction among older people

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2468-2489 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLÁUDIA CAMPOS ANDRADE ◽  
CÍCERO ROBERTO PEREIRA ◽  
PEDRO ALCÂNTARA DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTHearing loss is frequent in old age and has been associated with fewer social activities and depression. However, hearing problems have also been associated with other comorbidities, which prevent more definitive conclusions about the unique role on older people's wellbeing. Moreover, little attention has been paid to the psychological processes through which this relationship occurs. This study aims to investigate the effect of hearing loss on older adults’ wellbeing from a longitudinal perspective. Using data from three points in time, we investigated the mutual relationship between hearing loss, depression and social activities. Based on longitudinal data of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) from ten European countries, we conducted the test of competing auto-regressive cross-lagged theoretical models. Results show that hearing loss reduces social activity, which is mediated by depression. The adequacy of this model (versus a model proposing that social activity restriction mediates the relationship between hearing loss and depression) was supported in each of the countries of the sample. Findings showing that hearing loss can contribute to depression and, subsequently, to restriction in social activities have implications for early detection and clinical interventions on hearing loss.

scholarly journals Social Networking Services and Social Trust in Social Commerce

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Osama Sohaib
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Social Commerce ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Map Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

This study researches the mediating consequence of social trust (identification-based trust and information-based trust) on the relationship between social networking services (SNS) use and social commerce intention. The study also explores whether and how gender differences impact the use of SNS on endogenous constructs. The proposed research model is empirically examined using a sample of 170 consumers who have had a prior online shopping experience. The statistical analysis employs partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) methods such as PLS algorithm, model assessments, PLS predict, PLS goodness-of-fit, invariance assessment and multi-group analysis, and importance-performance map analysis. The study provides empirical insights into the effects of SNS on social trust towards s-commerce intention. Also, men and woman consumers are found to exhibit different emphases in using SNS to trust the s-commerce.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCING STREET HARASSMENT AND FEAR OF VICTIMIZATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Saima Masoom Ali Ali ◽  
Neelam Naz
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Reaction ◽  
Street Harassment ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Fear Of Victimization ◽  
Public Setting ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Relationship

The debate in acknowledging street harassment as an existing social problem renders research necessary on the topic. Street harassment is said to occur when it takes place in a public setting and is initiated by a stranger. Through this correlation research, we aimed to establish the relationship between experiencing street harassment and fear of victimization. A positive correlation between the experience of street harassment and fear of victimization was hypothesized and a positive correlation between street harassment and negative reaction to harassment was also hypothesized. Additionally, the most recurring type of public harassing behaviors was identified as well. Two self report questionnaires were administered; A gender based harassment scale assessing the frequency of 8 harassing behaviors which ranged on a likert scale from 0 (never) to 4 (almost always) and a modified version of The Fear of Crime survey measuring fear of victimization. These questionnaires were administered to a sample of 250 females recruited via convenient sampling technique that had experienced street harassment previously. Percentages, mode and Pearson’s Product correlation were used to statistically analyze data. Results showed a significant, weak positive correlation between street harassment and fear of victimization (r=.216, p<0.01) and a moderate positive correlation between experiencing street harassment and negative reaction towards harassment (r=.404, p<0.01). The most frequent harassing behavior was being stared in a manner that made the victims uncomfortable with 98% of participants experiencing it, followed by 83.5% of the participants experiencing non-verbal sounds. Through this research, we were able to conclude street harassment does have negative implications for women.

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