scholarly journals ACTIVITY TO PREVENT EMERGENCY SITUATIONS OF CASCADE TYPE OF SPREADING RELATED TO SOIL LANDSLIDE

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Nina Rashkevich ◽  
Volodymyr Koloskov ◽  
Igor Fedyuk
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Stability Of Slopes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cascade Type

Landfills for solid waste with liquidation energy-intensive technological equipment, due to emergencies of the cascade type of distribution associated with the landslide of landfills, pose a man-made environmental hazard. Experimental studies to determine the effect of humidity, density, temperature of landfill soils on the stability of slopes on landslides have shown that with increasing humidity and temperature, the resistance of the array to displacement decreases. The lower the density, the greater the ability to penetrate and saturate with moisture, which creates additional shear load. According to the results of experimental research, a method of prevention of cascade-type emergencies related to landfill landslides at the landfill with liquid energy-intensive technological equipment has been developed to prevent the consequences of danger from escalating from site to higher levels of distribution. The method consists of measures "before" and "after" the fact of moving the landslide.

scholarly journals Validity of a frustration-induction procedure

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Henna ◽  
Monica L Zilberman ◽  
Valentim Gentil ◽  
Clarice Gorenstein
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Induction Procedure ◽  
Overt Behavior ◽  
Before And After

OBJECTIVE: To test a reliable and easily administered frustration-induction procedure for experimental research. METHOD: One hundred volunteers (81 women, mean age ± SD 34.2 ± 8 years) physically and psychiatrically healthy submitted to the frustration induction procedure were prevented from reaching reward level scores. Subjective aggressiveness feelings related to frustration were self-rated in a 13-item visual analogue scale before and after the procedure. RESULTS: Significant increases in aggressiveness-related feelings were detected in 12 of the 13 items. This was consistent with the observed overt behavior of the subjects during the task. CONCLUSIONS: The frustration-induction procedure is a simple, easy to administer frustration-induction procedure that can be used in experimental studies in normal subjects.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONTROL ALGORITHM OF THE METHODOLOGY OF EMERGENCY PREVENTION ON LANDFILL WITH LIQUIDATION ENERGY-INTENSIVE TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (156) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
N. Rashkevich
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Loss Of Stability ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Cascade Type

Landfills taking into account current trends in the placement of innovative liquidation technologies on their territory with a variety of energy-intensive technological equipment pose an additional technogenic danger. This requires a set of measures to prevent emergencies of the cascade type of distribution, due to the shift of the slope of the waste masses with the subsequent explosion of biogas. Analysis of existing approaches to modeling the conditions of solid waste landfills proves the lack of comprehensive studies to assess the effectiveness of solid waste landfills in the case of the introduction of additional technological energy-intensive technological equipment. In the course of the work the author considers the physical conditions of emergency prevention at the landfill in the conditions of a separate task of involving liquidation energy-intensive technological equipment. Depending on the location of the specified equipment in relation to the landfill, emergencies of cascade type may occur due to the shift of waste masses with the subsequent explosion of biogas. In the course of the work the author developed a control algorithm for the implementation of a mathematical model of cascade type emergency prevention at solid waste landfills with liquidation energy-intensive technological equipment due to loss of stability of the slope of the waste array to landslide followed by biogas explosion. The control algorithm consists of 18 analytical blocks, which are located on two levels and are interconnected by direct and feedback. In order to further practical application of the control algorithm, it is necessary to develop an appropriate methodology, the implementation of which should effectively counteract the emergency situation with priority consequences, such as the number of victims, the number of deaths, the number of people with impaired living conditions. Keywords: landfill, emergency prevention, liquidation energy-intensive technological equipment, explosion, landslide

Strength of tree roots and landslides on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien H. Wu ◽  
William P. McKinnell III ◽  
Douglas N. Swanston
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Root System ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Stability Of Slopes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Stability

The stability of slopes before and after removal of forest cover was investigated. Porewater pressures and shear strengths were measured and the soil properties were determined by laboratory and in situ tests. A model of the soil–root system was developed to evaluate the contribution of tree roots to shear strength. The computed safety factors are in general agreement with observed behaviors of the slopes. Decay of tree roots subsequent to logging was found to cause a reduction in the shear strength of the soil–root system.

scholarly journals ON THE POSSIBILITY OF ESTIMATING THE STABILITY OF SLOPES AND SLOPES ON THE BASIS OF THE SOLUTION OF THE MIXED PROBLEM OF THE ELASTICITY THEORY AND THEORY OF SOIL PLASTICITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Oksana Bogomolova ◽  
Andrej Zhidelev
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Problem ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Breaking Load ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
Stability Of Slopes ◽  
Analytical Construction ◽  
The Stability

the article briefly describes the physical model of the mixed problem of the theory of elasticity and the theory of plasticity of the soil, identifies the features of its formulation and solution; formulas are presented for calculating stresses inside plastic regions and expressions that allow one to determine their position, dimensions and shape in the case of an elastoplastic stress distribution in a soil mass. A comparison is made of the results of experimental studies of the fracture processes of slope models from equivalent materials under loading, obtained independently by other authors, with the results of the analytical construction of plastic strain regions for the conditions of the mixed problem. It was established that the constructed areas are in satisfactory agreement with the results obtained in laboratory studies and with the results of field observations. The areas of plastic deformations for slope models of equivalent materials under breaking load are determined. The results of calculations of the stability of real natural slopes are presented, which include the calculation of stability margin coefficients and the construction of plastic regions for various values ​​of the lateral pressure coefficient of soils. Stability calculations are performed and their results are presented for real soil massifs

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CALCULATION RESULTS OF STUDYING THE STABILITY OF SLOPES WHEN THE TENSION LOAD IN THE EMBANKMENT SUBGRADE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
D.N. Rasulov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Water ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Stability Of Slopes ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Embankment Height ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
The Impact

Design characteristics for the stability of the slopes of the subgrade. The steepness of slopes of embankments up to 3 m high on category I-III roads should be assigned taking into account the safe driving of vehicles in emergency situations. An analysis of the values of the design characteristics of the steepness of the slopes shows that the design characteristics in the irrigated zone, when the groundwater level increases and impacts in the subgrade, aggressively acts in the spring period of road slope stability. During the research, it was found that the slopes of all pickets, at a load of 0.15 MPa, where the height of the embankment H=2.0 m are stable, if you do not take into account the impact of capillary water, soil saturation in the embankment. At a load of 0.20 MPa, all pickets with an embankment height of h≤2.0 m are unstable in the capillary water-saturated state.

The stability of dislocation networks under various oxygen-doping conditions in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy single crystals and their influence on the flux pinning properties

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 802-803
Author(s):  
Y. Feng ◽  
X. Y. Cai ◽  
R. J. Kelley ◽  
D. C. Larbalestier
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Basal Plane ◽  
Flux Pinning ◽  
Pinning Centers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anomalous Peak ◽  
Basal Plane Dislocation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Further Development

The issue of strong flux pinning is crucial to the further development of high critical current density Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BSCCO) superconductors in conductor-like applications, yet the pinning mechanisms are still much debated. Anomalous peaks in the M-H (magnetization vs. magnetic field) loops are commonly observed in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy (Bi-2212) single crystals. Oxygen vacancies may be effective flux pinning centers in BSCCO, as has been found in YBCO. However, it has also been proposed that basal-plane dislocation networks also act as effective pinning centers. Yang et al. proposed that the characteristic scale of the basal-plane dislocation networksmay strongly depend on oxygen content and the anomalous peak in the M-H loop at ˜20-30K may be due tothe flux pinning of decoupled two-dimensional pancake vortices by the dislocation networks. In light of this, we have performed an insitu observation on the dislocation networks precisely at the same region before and after annealing in air, vacuumand oxygen, in order to verify whether the dislocation networks change with varying oxygen content Inall cases, we have not found any noticeable changes in dislocation structure, regardless of the drastic changes in Tc and the anomalous magnetization. Therefore, it does not appear that the anomalous peak in the M-H loops is controlled by the basal-plane dislocation networks.

Sorbitol enhances the physicochemical stability of B12 vitamers

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hadinata Lie ◽  
Maria V Chandra-Hioe ◽  
Jayashree Arcot
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. The stability of B12 vitamers is affected by interaction with other water-soluble vitamins, UV light, heat, and pH. This study compared the degradation losses in cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin due to the physicochemical exposure before and after the addition of sorbitol. The degradation losses of cyanocobalamin in the presence of increasing concentrations of thiamin and niacin ranged between 6%-13% and added sorbitol significantly prevented the loss of cyanocobalamin (p<0.05). Hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin exhibited degradation losses ranging from 24%–26% and 48%–76%, respectively; added sorbitol significantly minimised the loss to 10% and 20%, respectively (p < 0.05). Methylcobalamin was the most susceptible to degradation when co-existing with ascorbic acid, followed by hydroxocobalamin and cyanocobalamin. The presence of ascorbic acid caused the greatest degradation loss in methylcobalamin (70%-76%), which was minimised to 16% with added sorbitol (p < 0.05). Heat exposure (100 °C, 60 minutes) caused a greater loss of cyanocobalamin (38%) than UV exposure (4%). However, degradation losses in hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin due to UV and heat exposures were comparable (>30%). At pH 3, methylcobalamin was the most unstable showing 79% degradation loss, which was down to 12% after sorbitol was added (p < 0.05). The losses of cyanocobalamin at pH 3 and pH 9 (~15%) were prevented by adding sorbitol. Addition of sorbitol to hydroxocobalamin at pH 3 and pH 9 reduced the loss by only 6%. The results showed that cyanocobalamin was the most stable, followed by hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin. Added sorbitol was sufficient to significantly enhance the stability of cobalamins against degradative agents and conditions.

THE EFFECT OF METACOGNITIVE INSTRUCTION ON MAXIMIZING EFL LEARNERS’ METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS IN LISTENING

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Mahsa Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Metacognitive Instruction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
The Impact

This study reports a pre-experimental research on the impact of metacognitive instruction on EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness and their listening performance. To obtain the goal of the study, a group of 30 Iranian intermediate EFL learners, including 14 males and 16 females, were selected randomly. Their ages range from 20 to 24. The participants took part in 16 weeks’ intervention program based on metacognitive pedagogical sequence consisted of five stages. The metacognitive awareness listening questionnaire (MALQ), and a listening test were also used to find changes in metacognitive awareness and listening performance before and after the treatment. The results of comparing pre and posttests scores revealed that metacognitive instruction raised the learners’ metacognitive awareness and helped them improve their listening comprehension ability.

A new approach to treatment of stomatitis in experiments on white rats (experimental research)

2018 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Е.Б. Ганина ◽  
Ю.В. Червинец ◽  
Н.В. Грудинин ◽  
В.Г. Шестакова ◽  
В.М. Червинец ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intact Rats

Цель исследования - охарактеризовать микробиологическую картину стоматита до и после его лечения высокоактивными культурами лактобацилл, дать оценку эффективности их применения при экспериментальном стоматите. Методика. Опыты проводились на 32 самках беспородных белых крыс массой 230 г. Моделирование стоматита включало 2 этапа: моделирование травматического стоматита и воспроизведение бактериального стоматита на базе травматического. У крыс контрольной и опытных серий на всех этапах эксперимента брали мазки с поверхности десен для характеристики микробиоценоза ротовой полости. Результаты. После обработки слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) культурой патогенного штамма Staphylococcus aureus существенно снизились частота встречаемости и количество условно-патогенных микроорганизмов. Лечение стоматита у крыс культурами лактобацилл ( Lactobacillus 11 зв., Lactobacillus 2 п.рта, Lactobacillus 24 д.ст.) и их комбинацией приводило к снижению распространенности S. aureus вплоть до его исчезновения, а также к нормализации количества условно-патогенной микробиоты. Заключение. Исследования показали эффективность использования отдельных высокоактивных штаммов лактобацилл или их комбинации при лечении заболеваний СОПР, в частности бактериального стоматита. Aim. To characterize the microbiological picture of stomatitis in intact rats before and after the treatment with highly active cultured lactobacilli and to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment in experiments on white rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on 32 mongrel female white rats weighing 230 g. Smears were taken from the gum surface of control and experimental rats at all stages of the experiment to characterize the oral cavity microbiocenosis. Results. After treatment of the oral cavity with cultured Staphylococcus aureus , the occurrence and quantity of opportunistic microorganisms significantly decreased. The treatment of stomatitis in rats with cultured lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus 11 zv., Lactobacillus 2 p.r., Lactobacillus 24 d.st. and their combination) led to a decrease in S. aureus prevalence up to its extinction and to normalization of the quantitative composition of opportunistic microbiota. Conclusions. The study showed the effieacy of highly active lactobacillus strains individually or their combinations in the treatment of oral diseases, in particular, bacterial stomatitis.

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