Establishment of Reference Values of Gamma-Glutamyl-Transferase and Plasma Aminotransferases in Young Congolese

Objectives: Our goal was to contribute to the production of reference values of plasma or serum biochemical markers by determining the reference values of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) in young Congolese presumed to be healthy. Methods: 250 young Congolese presumed to be healthy (125 boys and 125 girls) aged 15 to 25 participated in the study. They were selected according to anamnestic and clinico-biological criteria. Samples were taken on a tube containing EDTA and the resulting plasma was stored at -20 ° C. The KENZA MAX spectrophotometer was used to analyze GGT, ASAT and ALAT. The median and the 2.5-97.5 percentiles were used to set the reference limits for each enzyme. The benchmarks determined were compared with those reported by other Africans, Europeans, Indians and Americans. Results: The established reference values were: GGT 12.15-61.85 IU/L for boys and 7-51.95 IU / l for girls (p˂0.0001); ASAT 21.60-94.85 IU/L for boys and 17-84.85 IU/L for girls (p = 0.0003); ALAT 8.30-74.40 IU/L for boys and 8-53.85 IU/L for girls (p˂0.0001). In addition, the comparison between our values and those of other populations showed significant differences. Conclusion: Our results underline the importance of establishing reference values for plasma enzymes specific to the Congolese population. The use of the values established in the ’other populations could induce errors of judgment by excess or by default. Key words: Gamma-glutamyltransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Reference values, Congo.

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Bước đầu khảo sát sự ổn định của một số chỉ số xét nghiệm sinh hóa trong máu toàn phần và huyết tương theo thời gian bảo quản mẫu bệnh phẩm

Journal of 108 - Clinical Medicine and Phamarcy ◽

10.52389/ydls.v16i3.765 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Đinh Thị Thảo ◽

Trần Thái Hà ◽

Nguyễn Viết Tân ◽

Vi Thị Nhung ◽

Nguyễn Cẩm Thạch

Keyword(s):

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Gamma Glutamyl ◽

Mau Mau ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá ảnh hưởng của thời gian bảo quản đến kết quả phân tích các chỉ số urea, creatinine, triglycerid, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), acid uric, bilirubin toàn phần, bilirubin trực tiếp trong mẫu máu toàn phần và huyết tương. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Gồm 162 mẫu máu toàn phần được chống đông bằng Li-heparin của 81 bệnh nhân (mỗi bệnh nhân lấy 2 ống mẫu) đến khám tại Khoa Khám bệnh - Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ ngày 15/01/2021 đến ngày 15/02/2021. Với mỗi bệnh nhân: Ngay sau khi lấy máu, ống mẫu 1 được ly tâm, phân tích thường quy các chỉ số hóa sinh (phần còn lại sau phân tích gọi là mẫu 1), ống mẫu 2 được tách lấy huyết tương (mẫu 2). Sau đó, cả 2 mẫu được lưu trong tủ lạnh ở nhiệt độ 4oC. Sử dụng các mẫu này để phân tích các chỉ số hóa sinh tại các thời điểm 24, 48, và 72 giờ sau khi lấy máu. Kết quả: Nồng độ AST của các mẫu 1 được lưu trong 24, 48, 72 giờ cao hơn nồng độ AST phân tích thường quy (p<0,05). Nồng độ bilirubin toàn phần, bilirubin trực tiếp của mẫu 1 và mẫu 2 giảm dần theo thời gian lưu mẫu (p<0,05). Kết luận: Nồng độ các chỉ số AST, bilirubin toàn phần, bilirubin trực tiếp của các mẫu lưu (huyết tương và mẫu máu sau phân tích không loại bỏ các thành phần hữu hình) không ổn định theo thời gian bảo quản ở 4oC. Nồng độ các chỉ số urea, creatinine, triglycerid, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, ALT, GGT, acid uric (huyết tương và mẫu máu sau phân tích không loại bỏ các thành phần hữu hình) ổn định đến 72 giờ ở 4oC. Từ khóa: Hóa sinh, bảo quản bệnh phẩm, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108.

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Analysis of enzyme activity and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children with gingivitis

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0911892t ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 66 (11) ◽

pp. 892-896

Author(s):

Olivera Trickovic-Janjic ◽

Tatjana Cvetkovic ◽

Mirjana Apostolovic ◽

Draginja Kojovic ◽

Ljiljana Kostadinovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Study Groups ◽

Functional Condition ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Gamma Glutamyl ◽

Severe Inflammation ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Introduction/Aim. By analyzing activity of some of the enzymes normally present in the saliva and the level of malondialdehyde in gingivitis, it is possible to estimate the functional condition of parodontium, and the examined parameters can be considered as biochemical markers of its functional condition. The aim of this paper was to examine activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children affected with gingivitis, as well as the values of the mentioned parameters in relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva. Methods. The research included 120 children at the age of 12.2 with permanent dentition. L?e and Silness gingival index was used to estimate the condition of gingiva, based on which the children were classified into four groups: the children with healthy gingiva (the control groups), the children with mild, moderate and severe inflammation of gingiva (the study group). Enzymes of the saliva were determined by the use of original tests and measured by the autoanalyser (Bio Systems A25, Spain). A modified method with tiobarbituric acid was used to determine malondialdehyde in nonstimulated mixed saliva. Results. The results of the examined enzyme activity and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of the study groups showed statistically considerably higher values for the level of malondialdehyde (p < 0.001), for the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transferase (p < 0.01), as well as for alanine aminotransferase (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control group, whereas the activity of lactate dehydrogenase did not show a statistically significant increase. In relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva, the results of the examination of the enzyme activity in the study groups showed statistically significantly higher values in the group with severe inflammation in comparison with those with mild, as well as the moderate inflammatory, except for the gamma glutamyl transferase, and in the group with moderate inflammation compared to that with the mild one, except for alanine aminotransferase. The results of the examination of the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of the study groups did not show a statistically significantly increase in relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva. Conclusion. There is a higher level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity together with the higher level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children with gingivitis in comparison with the activity of the same enzymes and the level of malondialdehyde in the saliva of children without gingivitis. The activity of the examined enzymes in the saliva of children with gingivitis increases in relation to the intensity of the pathological process, whereas the level of malondialdehyde shows no significant difference in relation to the level of the inflammation of gingiva.

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Biochemical status of blood of dogs with atopic dermatitis in the conditions of private veterinary clinic “Alfa vet” m. Konotop

Technology transfer innovative solutions in medicine ◽

10.21303/2585-6634.2021.002128 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-31

Author(s):

Olga Stotska ◽

Oksana Shkromada ◽

Aleksandr Stockiy

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Reference Values ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Metabolic Changes ◽

The Body ◽

Veterinary Clinic ◽

Gamma Glutamyltransferase

Metabolic changes in the body of dogs with atopic dermatitis and the causes of its occurrence still remain poorly understood. This study confirms the need for biochemical blood tests for the differential diagnosis of skin diseases in animals. The aim of the research. To identify metabolic changes in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Methods. Serum samples from five ill animals and five intact animals were tested. The diagnosis of the nosological form of skin lesions was established based on the results of anamnesis and clinical manifestations of the disease. Additionally, biochemical studies of the serum of sick animals were performed. Blood of dogs (n=5) was taken from the anterior subcutaneous vein of the forearm or the lateral subcutaneous vein of the tibia into blood tubes. Results. In the study of mineral metabolism, it was found that the concentration of inorganic phosphorus in the serum of sick animals is reduced by only 0.01 mmol/l, but the concentration of total calcium by 10.0 %. The concentration of cholesterol increases 1.3 times and exceeds the reference values by 0.16 mmol/l. In the blood of sick animals, the activity of alanine aminotransferase is significantly reduced by 21.0 % and aspartate aminotransferase – by 20.0 % compared to intact animals. The enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase probably increases by 1.51 times (P<0.05) in sick dogs, but does not exceed the reference values. Conclusions. It was found that in atopic dermatitis in the serum of dogs decreases the activity of alanine aminotransferase by 21.0 % and aspartate aminotransferase – by 20.0 %, while the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase increases 1.51 times. The results show the toxic effect of an allergic agent on animals, especially on the liver, which confirms the previous diagnosis – atopic dermatitis.

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CLINICAL AND LABORATORIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LIVER IN AGED AND NON-AGED ALCOHOLICS

Saúde e Pesquisa ◽

10.17765/2176-9206.2019v12n3p521-533 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 521

Author(s):

Paulo Borini ◽

Romeu Cardoso Guimarães ◽

Zamir Calamita

Keyword(s):

Portal Hypertension ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Reference Value ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Aged Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

The medical bibliography is deficient in research involving structural and laboratory abnormalities of the liver in asymptomatic and oligosymptomatic male alcoholics. The present study describes the alterations in tests that evaluate liver aggression, lesion and dysfunction, also correlating these with the changes in the consistency and sensitivity of the liver in aged and non-aged alcoholics. Cross-sectional study involving 100 alcoholic men, 50 aged and 50 non-aged. Of the aged and non-aged, respectively, the liver was palpable in 68% and 80%, the spleen was percutable in 72% and 74% and palpable in 12% and 22%, non-painful soft hepatomegaly was observed in 14% and 8%, painful hepatomegaly in 0% and 2%, firm hepatomegaly (painful and non-painful) in 54% and 70%, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly (percutable and palpable spleen) in 84% and 84%, and portal hypertension in 10 % and 14%. Elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase were observed in 66% and 84%, alanine aminotransferase in 24% and 60%, gamma glutamyl transferase in 46% and 82% and alkaline phosphatase in 0% and 16% of the aged and non-aged, respectively. Elevation of aspartate aminotransferase greater than twice the reference value and the ratio aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase greater than 2 were observed in 18% and 42% and 18% and 10% of the aged and non-aged, respectively. Hypoalbuminemia and hyperbilirubinemia were observed in 70% and 24% of the aged and 40% and 44% of the non-aged, respectively. The clinical and laboratory alterations observed are compatible with acute liver disease in 18% and 42%; chronic liver disease in 54% and 70%; portal hypertension in 10% and 14% of aged and non-aged patients, respectively.

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Effects of various levels of dietary Artemisia abyssinica leaves on rats

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367700780384744 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 307-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. E. I. Adam ◽

A. A. Al-Qarawi ◽

E. A. Elhag

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Total Protein ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Artemisia abyssinica leaves, a traditional medicine for the treatment of various disorders, were fed to male Wistar rats at 2% and 10% of the standard diet for 6 weeks. A 2% A. abyssinica leaf diet was not toxic to rats. Depression in growth, hepatopathy and nephropathy were observed in rats fed a diet containing 10% of A. abyssinica leaves. These findings were accompanied by leukopenia, anaemia and alterations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities with changes in concentrations of total protein, albumin, cholesterol and urea.

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Gangguan Fungsi Hati pada Coronavirus Disease 2019

Medical Scope Journal ◽

10.35790/msj.2.2.2021.31959 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Tasha Salsabila ◽

Bradley J. Waleleng ◽

Karel Pandelaki

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Liver Function ◽

Literature Review ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Total Bilirubin ◽

Abnormal Liver Function ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Elevated Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract: The incidence and death rate of COVID-19 in North Sulawesi Province continues to increase and data regarding abnormal liver function in COVID-19 is not yet available. This study was aimed to obtain the liver function in COVID-19 patients. This was a literature review study using two databases, namely Pubmed and ClinicalKey. Keywords used were abnormal liver function AND COVID-19, elevated alanine aminotransferase AND COVID-19, elevated aspartate aminotransferase AND COVID-19, elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase AND COVID-19, elevated alkaline phosphatase AND COVID-19, elevated total bilirubin AND COVID-19. After being selected, 10 literatures were obtained based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that increased liver function often occurred in cases of COVID-19, but the increase did not reach twice of the normal value. The most frequent increases were in GGT, followed by ALT and AST, total bilirubin, and the least was the increase in ALP. All literatures reported that increased liver function was more common in males, and in severe COVID-19 patients reported by eight literatures. Five literatures reported that elevated liver function increased mortality in COVID-19 cases. In conclusion, there are increases in ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, and total bilirubin levels in COVID-19 patients.Keywords: abnormal liver function, COVID-19 Abstrak: Angka kejadian dan angka kematian COVID-19 di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara terus bertambah sedangkan data mengenai gambaran gangguan fungsi hati pada COVID-19 belum tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran fungsi hati pada COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan dua database yaitu Pubmed dan ClinicalKey. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu abnormal liver function AND COVID-19, elevated alanine aminotransferase AND COVID-19, elevated aspartate aminotransferase AND COVID-19, elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase AND COVID-19, elevated alkaline phosphatase AND COVID-19, elevated total bilirubin AND COVID-19. Setelah diseleksi, didapatkan 10 literatur berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa peningkatan fungsi hati sering terjadi pada kasus COVID-19 namun peningkatannya tidak mencapai dua kali nilai normal. Peningkatan paling sering terjadi pada GGT, diikuti oleh ALT dan AST, bilirubin total, dan paling sedikit yaitu pada peningkatan ALP. Seluruh literatur melaporkan peningkatan fungsi hati lebih sering terjadi pada laki-laki dan pada kasus COVID-19 gejala berat dilaporkan oleh delapan literatur. Lima literatur melaporkan peningkatan fungsi hati meningkatkan mortalitas pada kasus COVID-19. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah, terdapat peningkatan kadar ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, dan bilirubin total pada penderita COVID-19.Kata kunci: gangguan fungsi Hati, COVID-19

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Bước đầu khảo sát ảnh hưởng của điều kiện ly tâm đối với kết quả xét nghiệm một số chỉ số sinh hóa

Journal of 108 - Clinical Medicine and Phamarcy ◽

10.52389/ydls.v16i3.763 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Đinh Thị Thảo ◽

Nguyễn Viết Tân ◽

Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Châm ◽

Ninh Thị Liễu ◽

Nguyễn Cẩm Thạch

Keyword(s):

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Gamma Glutamyl ◽

Mau Mau ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá ảnh hưởng của thời gian, tốc độ ly tâm trong giai đoạn trước xét nghiệm đến kết quả phân tích các chỉ số glucose, urea, creatinine, triglycerid, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), acid uric, bilirubin toàn phần, bilirubin trực tiếp trong huyết tương. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Gồm 258 mẫu máu toàn phần được chống đông bằng li-heparin (mỗi bệnh nhân lấy 3 ống mẫu) của 86 bệnh nhân đến khám tại Khoa Khám bệnh - Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ ngày 15/11/2020 đến ngày 15/02/2021. Mẫu máu của mỗi bệnh nhân được ly tâm ở 3 điều kiện: Ống 1 (3000 vòng/5 phút), ống 2 (3000 vòng/10 phút) và ống 3 (4000 vòng/3 phút). Các mẫu sau ly tâm được phân tích các chỉ số sinh hóa trên máy AU5800 của hãng Beckman Coulter. Kết quả: Nồng độ glucose, LDL-cholesterol của các mẫu máu ly tâm 4000 vòng/3 phút so với các mẫu ly tâm 3000 vòng/5 phút và 3000 vòng/10 phút có sự khác biệt (p<0,05), với giá trị nồng độ khác nhau lần lượt là 5,64%, 8,11%, 9,82% và 10,86%. Nồng độ creatinine và cholesterol của mẫu máu ly tâm 3000 vòng/5 phút và 4000 vòng/3 phút có sự khác biệt (p<0,05), với nồng độ thay đổi 3,09% và 3,0%. Không có sự khác biệt kết quả của các chỉ số urea, triglycerid, HDL-cholesterol, AST, ALT, GGT, acid uric, bilirubin toàn phần, bilirubin trực tiếp giữa 3 điều kiện ly tâm. Kết luận: Ly tâm mẫu máu 3000 vòng/5 phút không ảnh hưởng đến kết quả xét nghiệm các chỉ số sinh hóa glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, AST, ALT, GGT, acid uric, bilirubin toàn phần, bilirubin trực tiếp trong huyết tương bệnh nhân. Từ khóa: Hóa sinh, ly tâm, chuẩn bị mẫu.

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The Association between Anthropometry Indices and Serum Concentrations of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Alanine Aminotransferase, and Aspartate Aminotransferase

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/2365399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Sahar Sobhani ◽

Reihaneh Aryan ◽

Mina AkbariRad ◽

Elahe Ebrahimi Miandehi ◽

Maryam Alinezhad-Namaghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Body Mass ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Background. Nowadays, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a great public health crisis that threatens too many lives worldwide. Many previous studies have been investigated the association between MetS and anthropometric indices. This study is aimed at investigating the association between anthropometric indices with gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). We were using data from a large population-based cohort of seemingly healthy women and men. Methods. A total of 7216 participants were included in this study. The serum levels of GGT, ALP, ALT, and AST with bioimpedance measures were obtained at the time of enrollment. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between anthropometric indices and serum levels of the aforementioned laboratory tests. Results. Serum levels of GGT, ALP, ALT, and AST significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI). Only ALP had a significant association with visceral fat area (VFA). AST, ALT, and ALP levels had a positive correlation with 50 kHz whole-body phase. Conclusion. From the findings of this study, body mass index consistently appeared a good predictor of elevated hepatic enzymes and triglycerides. Thus, it can be helpful in clinical settings to identify patients at risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is closely related to metabolic syndrome.

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