scholarly journals Comparative Study of Trend of Suicidal Cases in the Lockdown Period during Severe Phase of First Wave of COVID-19 with Those in Second Wave in Patna among Dead Bodies Brought for Autopsy at Nalanda Medical College, Patna - A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 431-437
Author(s):  
Rajiv Ranjan Das ◽  
Kumar Saurav ◽  
Radha Raman Singh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Mode ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Record Review ◽  
Second Wave

Introduction: There is hardly a person in the world who is not affected by the fearsome covid19 pandemic either physically, psychologically and socio-economically. It has caused extreme mental stress to not only those infected but also those who had to remain indoors for prolonged period due to lockdown. The second wave in 2021 was deadlier with many casualties though there was no pan INDIA lockdown this time. Aims and Objectives: 1) To study and compare all confirmed suicidal deaths in the first lockdown period upto its severe period (Upto June 2020) with suicidal cases during the second phase of COVID-19, from March to June 2021 approximately. 2) Demographic analysis of suicidal cases with determinants like incidence, sex, & age wise distribution, mode of suicide, any specific causes etc, will be studied & evaluated for any perceptible change between the severe phases of first & second waves Materials and Methods: It is retrospective ,record review analytical and comparative study based on postmortem examination reports of all cases conducted by all doctors of department of FMT, Nalanda Medical College, Patna who did autopsy during both periods of study together with study of all police inquests, requisitions(challans), sent by the police investigating officers of concerned cases. Study period- a) 25th march 2020 to June 2020 (lockdown phase). b) March 2021 to June 2021 Results: Total number of suicides was more in Lockdown period of the First wave (10.88%) than in the in the 2nd phase in 2021(9.87%). In the First phase the cases of hanging were 75% & due to poisoning 25%. But in the 2nd phase hanging accounted for the 62.5%, poisoning 31.25% & Drowning 6.25%. Conclusions: Lockdown had more impact on the mental health of a person in Covid than the actual severity of the disease as the number of suicides decreased in the 2nd phase though it was more severe. Financial concerns & perils of confined life added to the fear of the unknown disease in lockdown & in the second phase people were more prepared mentally & financially to combat the disease. Keywords: covid, lockdown, suicide, hanging, autopsy.

scholarly journals Study of Comparison of Suicidal Cases in the Lockdown Period During First Wave of COVID-19 with that of Suicidal Cases in the Period before it among Dead Bodies Brought for Autopsy at Nalanda Medical College, Patna - A Record Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Rajiv Ranjan Das ◽  
Kumar Saurav ◽  
Radha Raman Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Stress ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Suicidal Tendency ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Distribution Mode ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Record Review ◽  
The Needy

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire world, physically, psychologically and socio-economically. It has caused extreme mental stress to not only those infected but also those who had to remain indoors for prolonged period due to lockdown. Aims and Objectives: 1. To study and compare all confirmed suicidal deaths in the first lockdown period upto its peak period (September 2020) with suicidal cases during the previous six months from October 2019 to 24th march 2020. 2. Demographic analysis of suicidal cases with determinants like incidence, sex, & age wise distribution, mode of suicide, any specific causes etc, will be studied & evaluated for any perceptible change from earlier prelockdwn suicidal deaths Materials and Methods: It is retrospective, record review analytical and comparative study based on postmortem examination reports of all cases conducted by all doctors of department of FMT, Nalanda Medical College, Patna who did autopsy during both periods (pre lockdown & post lockdown/unlock) together with study of all police inquests, requisitions (challans), sent by the police investigating officers of concerned cases. Study period- a) 25th march 2020 to September 2020 (lockdown phase). b) October 2019 to 24th march 2020 (Prelockdown phase). Results: Total number of suicides increase from 6.61%in pre-covid period to 8.56% in lockdown period. In the prelockdown phase the cases of hanging were 66.66% but due to poisoning 33.34%. But in the lockdown phase hanging accounted for the 95.45% and poisoning just 4.55%. Conclusions: Lockdown must be needed based, preplanned and financial support to the needy together with behavioural counseling should be undertaken in letter and spirit. There is an urgency to realize the severity of this suicidal tendency.

scholarly journals Comparative study between endoscopic cartilage myringoplasty and endoscopic temporalis fascia myringoplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chozhan ◽  
M. Sankara Subramanian ◽  
D. Kannathal ◽  
R. Malarvizhi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Temporalis Fascia ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
Patient Series ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Myringoplasty is a common ear surgery performed all over the world. This study is focused on prospective comparative study using two different graft materials.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study done in the Department of ENT Stanley Medical College, Chennai during the period from March 2013 to September 2013. Sample size was 60 patients. Follow up was done till 6 months.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Graft acceptance was achieved in 28 patients (93%) who underwent palisade cartilage myringoplasty, whereas it was achieved in 24 patients (80%) in the temporalis fascia myringoplasty group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The outcomes in our patient series indicate that cartilage myringoplasty achieves good results. Cartilage, a very effective material for the reconstruction of the TM and grafts can provide an excellent anatomical result, perfect stability and good functional outcome.</p>

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY –FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME IN COVID 19 PREGNANCIES BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND WAVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarthi Rajendran ◽  
Rajni Parikh ◽  
Payal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Second Wave

Background: Many countries have seen a two-wave pattern in reported cases of coronavirus disease-19 during the 2020 pandemic.  Empirical data show that the characteristics of the effects of the virus do vary between the two periods. Differences in age range and severity of the disease have been reported, although the comparative characteristics of the two waves still remain largely unknown. This study helps in the comparison between the characteristics and severity between first and second wave. Methods: This study is prospective and comparative study based on compiled clinical and outcome data for pregnant women infected with COVID-19 between April 2020 to October 2020 and March 2021 to July 2021  at our tertiary level hospital. A laboratory confirmed case of COVID-19 is defined as a positive result by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay of maternal pharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swab specimen. Results: In our hospital, a total of 89 pregnant women were admitted in our tertiary hospital, out of which 53 of the patients were antenatal women of which 15 of the women died, 32 patients were admitted during third trimester and labour and 4 patients were delivered outside and referred here. This study, the most common age group affected was only between 20-30 years same as that of the first wave, preterm deliveries was found to be higher. The second wave had higher incidence and severity of cough (40%), fever (43%), diarrhea (28.12%) and dyspnea (38%).It also suggests that the caesarian rates(62%) were found to be higher in covid 19 patients and maternal mortality rate(25%) was also found to be higher thereby indicating the need for vaccination to reduce the severity and mortality in the upcoming waves. Conclusion: The result of the present study suggests that the second wave among the pregnant women was found to be more severe when compared to the first wave because of the new variants. Because of this we as obstetricians and health care workers has to insist upon the vaccination during pregnancy thereby preventing the severity of the disease and reducing the maternal mortality. Key words: covid 19, fetomaternal outcome, maternal mortality.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EPISIOTOMY REPAIR: CHROMIC CATGUT AND VICRYL RAPIDE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Meena ◽  
Prerna Sharma ◽  
Parveen .
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Suture Material ◽  
Chromic Catgut ◽  
Catgut Suture ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
The World ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Prevalence of the episiotomy varies around the world depending on whether it is used as a routine or a restricted procedure. The rates are still higher in developing countries, like ours, since the use of restricted episiotomy is not being practiced widely in primigravidas. Methods: In our randomized comparative study of 222 women who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College Jaipur, the enrolled women were divided into 2 groups. In Group-A: Vicrylrapide (polygalactin-910) suture material was used in 111 patients and in Group-B chromic catgut suture material was used in another 111 patients, for repair of episiotomies. Results: In our present study in vicryl rapide group at 24-48 hrs pain was present in 49.55% of patients, redness was found in 8.10% of patients, swelling was found in 3.60% patients and analgesic used by 72.97% of patients. In chromic group at 24-48 hrs pain was present in 69.36% of patients, redness was found in 21.62%, swelling was found in 7.20% and analgesic was used by 89.18% of patients. Conclusion: Our study recommends use of vicryl rapide for episiotomy repair in the care of parturient women. Keywords: Complication, Chromic Catgut, Vicryl Rapide, Episiotomy

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Serum Calcium in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy at Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad City, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

ABSTRACT Introduction Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific disorder, is a global health problem. The major mineral calcium has been proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. The present study was aimed to compare the level of serum calcium in normal pregnant women and in preeclampsia and determine the association of serum calcium with severity of the disease. Study design This study included 60 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia as cases and 60 healthy pregnant women as controls in the third trimester of gestation. The concentration of total serum calcium was measured in both groups. Results Serum calcium level was significantly decreased in preeclamptic women than in normal pregnant women. Serum calcium showed significant negative correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Hypocalcemia found in preeclamptic women in our study suggests that serum calcium may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of this disorder. Routine estimation of serum calcium may be useful as a diagnostic marker in preeclampsia. How to cite this article Aghade SM, Bavikar JS. Comparative Study of Serum Calcium in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy at Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad City, India. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(2):147-150.

SIGNIFICANCE OF PLACENTAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PRETERM/TERM BIRTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kushwaha ◽  
Sanjeev Narang
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Medical College

Background: This study is cross-sectional, observational and comparative study, at Index Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh from July 2017 to July 2019 with sample size 100 placentae. Method: The placenta received was evaluated blinded of maternal pregnancy outcome. The pattern of morphology was evaluated both qualitatively (type of lesion) and quantitatively (number of lesions). Result: In Present study 79% of the deliveries were term deliveries and 21% were preterm deliveries. On placental macroscopy, placenta weight was significantly low among the neonates of preterm deliveries (370.00±60.49) as compared to term deliveries (440.89±55.22). Preterm placenta had higher number of abnormal placental lesion compared to term pregnancies. Conclusion: The uteroplacental insufficiency defined as placental infarct, fibrosis of chorionic villi, thickening of blood vessels, and poor vascularity of chorionic villi. Placental histopathological lesions are strongly associated with maternal under perfusion and uteroplacental insufficiency. These are the reasons for preterm birth. Thus, knowledge of the etiological factor can be use to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortility. Keywords: Placenta, Term & Preterm.

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha P ◽  
Bankar Nandkishor J ◽  
Karan Jain ◽  
Ramdas Brahmane ◽  
Dhrubha Hari Chandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

Two Years after the Crisis: Do Risks of the Second Wave Become Stronger?

2011 ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
World Economy ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Global Imbalances ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Second Wave

With signs of normalization seemingly in place in the world economy, a number of problems show the possibility of aggravation in the future. The volume of derivatives in American banks grows significantly, high risk instruments are back in place and their use becomes more active, global imbalances increase. All of the above requires thorough approaches when creating mechanisms which can neutralize external shocks for the Russian economy and make it possible to develop in the new post-crisis environment.

Comparative Study Between Clean Intermittent Self-Catheterization (Cisc) and Continuous Indwelling Catheterization (Cidc) in Relieving Acute Refractory Retention of Urine Due to Benign Enlargement of Prostate (Bep)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Md Shawkat Alam ◽  
Sudip Das Gupta ◽  
Hadi Zia Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Saruar Alam ◽  
Sharif Muhammod Wasimuddin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Acute Urinary Retention ◽  
Bladder Capacity ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Better Than

Objective: To compare the clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) with continuous indwelling catheterization (CIDC) in relieving acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign enlargement of prostate (BEP). Materials and Methods :A total 60 patients attending in urology department of Dhaka Medical college hospital were included according to inclusion criteria ,Patients were randomized by lottery into two groups namely group –A and group –B for CISC and IDC drainage respectively . Thus total 60 patients 30 in each group completed study. Results : Most men can safely be managed as out-patients after AUR due to BPH. The degree of mucosal congestion and inflammation within the bladder was found to be lower in those using CISC and the bladder capacity in these patients was also found higher.Patients with an IDC had a high incidence of UTIs then that of patients with CISC. During the period of catheterization the incidence of UTI was 43.3% in group B in comparison to 40% in group A; before TURP 36% in group B in comparison to 10% incidence in group A.According to patient’s opinion CISC is better than IDC in the management of AUR. Experiencing bladder spasm, reporting blood in urine, management difficulties, incidence and severity of pain were less in CISC group, and the method of CISC was well accepted by patients as well as their family members. Conclusion: From the current study it may be suggested that CISC is better technique for management of AUR patient due to BPH than IDC. It can also be very helpful when surgery must be delayed or avoided due to any reasons in this group of patients. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 2, July 2018 p.105-110

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