scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY –FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME IN COVID 19 PREGNANCIES BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND WAVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarthi Rajendran ◽  
Rajni Parikh ◽  
Payal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Second Wave

Background: Many countries have seen a two-wave pattern in reported cases of coronavirus disease-19 during the 2020 pandemic.  Empirical data show that the characteristics of the effects of the virus do vary between the two periods. Differences in age range and severity of the disease have been reported, although the comparative characteristics of the two waves still remain largely unknown. This study helps in the comparison between the characteristics and severity between first and second wave. Methods: This study is prospective and comparative study based on compiled clinical and outcome data for pregnant women infected with COVID-19 between April 2020 to October 2020 and March 2021 to July 2021  at our tertiary level hospital. A laboratory confirmed case of COVID-19 is defined as a positive result by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay of maternal pharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swab specimen. Results: In our hospital, a total of 89 pregnant women were admitted in our tertiary hospital, out of which 53 of the patients were antenatal women of which 15 of the women died, 32 patients were admitted during third trimester and labour and 4 patients were delivered outside and referred here. This study, the most common age group affected was only between 20-30 years same as that of the first wave, preterm deliveries was found to be higher. The second wave had higher incidence and severity of cough (40%), fever (43%), diarrhea (28.12%) and dyspnea (38%).It also suggests that the caesarian rates(62%) were found to be higher in covid 19 patients and maternal mortality rate(25%) was also found to be higher thereby indicating the need for vaccination to reduce the severity and mortality in the upcoming waves. Conclusion: The result of the present study suggests that the second wave among the pregnant women was found to be more severe when compared to the first wave because of the new variants. Because of this we as obstetricians and health care workers has to insist upon the vaccination during pregnancy thereby preventing the severity of the disease and reducing the maternal mortality. Key words: covid 19, fetomaternal outcome, maternal mortality.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum and associated risk factors among pregnant women in a tertiary health facility in Northeast, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3557
Author(s):  
Muhammad B. Aminu ◽  
Mohammed Alkali ◽  
Bala M. Audu ◽  
Toyin Abdulrazak ◽  
Dauda Bathna
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Past History ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Grand Multiparity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Northeast Nigeria

Background: One of the commonest symptoms observed in pregnant women before the 20th week of gestation is nausea and vomiting, an exaggeration of these symptoms hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) could result in maternal and fetal catastrophes and even death. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women at booking.Methods: A prospective institutional based study design was done among 452 pregnant women seen at booking in a tertiary hospital in Northeast Nigeria from the 1st February 2019 to 30th June 2019. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics. OR was used to measure significant risk.Results: The observed prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women in the study is 44.9%. The Majority (81.4%) of these women were between the age range of 21 and 35 years. Mean age of 27 years. Multiparity (33.4%), previous (44.9%) and family history of HEG (31.6%) were identified as important risk factors for developing HEG. Grand multiparity (11.5%) and gestational age less than 13 weeks (6.64%) were however less likely observed to be risks for HEG.Conclusions: HEG is a common problem in pregnancy with almost half of the number of pregnant women at booking affected. Multiparity and past history of HEG are pointers to developing the condition and it should be looked out for among at risk group of pregnant women, so that early intervention can be instituted to avoid any possible adverse outcome.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME OF COVID POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN IN FIRST AND SECOND WAVE

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
V. Radha Lakshmi ◽  
K. Anusha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Postpartum Woman ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Second Wave

Introduction: Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19), produced by severe acute respiratory syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV2), has become a global pandemic, giving rise to a serious health threat globally. In India we have seen a two wave pattern of reported cases with peak of rst wave in September 2020 and peak of second wave in May 2021.Women undergoing pregnancy and those at the time of child birth and puerperium constitute potentially vulnerable populations for covid-19. Aims And Objectives: To evaluate differences in clinical presentation, co-morbidities, pregnancy complications and outcomes in women with covid-19 during rst wave and second wave of covid-19 pandemic. Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of all hospitalized pregnant and postpartum woman with SARS-CoV2 infection in Government General Hospital, Kurnool. All the patients admitted from 1st May to 31st October 2020 were considered to be in the rst wave and those admitted from 1st April to 31st June were considered to be in second wave. Results: Incidence of cases has increased from 14.18 to 16.8%.There was two fold increase in the symptomatic cases from 4.2 to 8%patients in the second wave were younger in the age group of 16-25yrs.The number of pregnant women delivered by Caesarean section have increased from 57.5 %to 61.1 %.ICU admissions have signicantly increased from 2.7% to 3.1% Case fatality rate has increased from 0.4%-1.1%. As observed from the above results there is higher frequency of severe Covid 19,increased ICU ad Conclusion: missions and maternal deaths in second wave of Covid 19 pandemic as compared to the rst wave .Although the exact causes of increase in severity and mortality are unknown ,but probably due to emergence of most pathological strains of SARS-Co2.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 in Pregnancy—The First Wave

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Andreia de Vasconcelos Gaspar ◽  
Isabel Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Cesarean Sections ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
History Of ◽  
Threatened Abortion ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Prelabor Rupture Of Membranes

Background and Objectives: COVID-19, a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a public health emergency. Data on the effect of the virus on pregnancy are limited. Materials and Methods: We carried out a retrospective descriptive study, in order to evaluate the obstetric results on pregnant women in which SARS-CoV-2 was detected through RT-PCR of the nasopharyngeal swab, at admission to the maternity hospital. Results: From 16 March to 31 July 2020, 12 SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women have been hospitalized. Eleven were hospitalized for initiation or induction of labor, corresponding to 0.64% of deliveries in the maternity hospital. One pregnant woman was hospitalized for threatened abortion, culminating in a stillbirth at 20 weeks of gestation. Regarding the severity of the disease, nine women were asymptomatic and three had mild illness (two had associated cough and one headache). Three had relevant environmental exposure and a history of contact with infected persons. None had severe or critical illness due to SARS-CoV-2. There were no maternal deaths. The following gestational complications were observed: one stillbirth, one preterm labor, one preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, and one fetal growth restriction. Four deliveries were eutocic, two vacuum-assisted deliveries and five were cesarean sections. The indications for cesarean section were obstetric. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection was found in a minority of hospitalized pregnant women in this sample. Most are asymptomatic or have mild illness, from gestational complications to highlight stillbirth and preterm birth. There were no cases of vertical transmission by coronavirus.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Trend of Suicidal Cases in the Lockdown Period during Severe Phase of First Wave of COVID-19 with Those in Second Wave in Patna among Dead Bodies Brought for Autopsy at Nalanda Medical College, Patna - A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 431-437
Author(s):  
Rajiv Ranjan Das ◽  
Kumar Saurav ◽  
Radha Raman Singh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Mode ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Record Review ◽  
Second Wave

Introduction: There is hardly a person in the world who is not affected by the fearsome covid19 pandemic either physically, psychologically and socio-economically. It has caused extreme mental stress to not only those infected but also those who had to remain indoors for prolonged period due to lockdown. The second wave in 2021 was deadlier with many casualties though there was no pan INDIA lockdown this time. Aims and Objectives: 1) To study and compare all confirmed suicidal deaths in the first lockdown period upto its severe period (Upto June 2020) with suicidal cases during the second phase of COVID-19, from March to June 2021 approximately. 2) Demographic analysis of suicidal cases with determinants like incidence, sex, & age wise distribution, mode of suicide, any specific causes etc, will be studied & evaluated for any perceptible change between the severe phases of first & second waves Materials and Methods: It is retrospective ,record review analytical and comparative study based on postmortem examination reports of all cases conducted by all doctors of department of FMT, Nalanda Medical College, Patna who did autopsy during both periods of study together with study of all police inquests, requisitions(challans), sent by the police investigating officers of concerned cases. Study period- a) 25th march 2020 to June 2020 (lockdown phase). b) March 2021 to June 2021 Results: Total number of suicides was more in Lockdown period of the First wave (10.88%) than in the in the 2nd phase in 2021(9.87%). In the First phase the cases of hanging were 75% & due to poisoning 25%. But in the 2nd phase hanging accounted for the 62.5%, poisoning 31.25% & Drowning 6.25%. Conclusions: Lockdown had more impact on the mental health of a person in Covid than the actual severity of the disease as the number of suicides decreased in the 2nd phase though it was more severe. Financial concerns & perils of confined life added to the fear of the unknown disease in lockdown & in the second phase people were more prepared mentally & financially to combat the disease. Keywords: covid, lockdown, suicide, hanging, autopsy.

scholarly journals Lymphopenia acted as an adverse factor for severity in patients with COVID-19: a single-centered, retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiheng Liu ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Ming Luo ◽  
Jiyang Liu ◽  
Lingzhen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Adverse Factor

Abstract Purpose: The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 began in December and rapidly caused a pandemic. To investigate the significance of lymphopenia for the severity of the disease, this study was performed.Methods: 115 patients confirmed COVID-19 from a tertiary hospital in Changsha, China were enrolled. The clinical, laboratory, treatment and outcome data were collected and compared between patients with lymphopenia or not.Results: The median age was 42 years (1-75). 54 patients (47.0%) of the patients had lymphopenia on admission. In the group of lymphopenia, more patients had hypertension (30.8% vs 10.0%, P=0.006) and coronary heart disease (3.6% vs 0%, P=0.029) and more patients with leucopenia (48.1% vs 14.8%, P<0.001) and eosinophilia (92.6% vs 54.1%, P<0.001) were observed. Lymphopenia was also correlated with severity grades of pneumonia (P<0.001) and C-reactive protein (CRP) level (P=0.0014). Lymphopenia was associated with a prolonged duration of hospitalization (17.0 days vs 14.0 days, P=0.002). Moreover, the recovery of lymphocyte appeared the earliest before CRP and chest radiographs in severe cases, suggesting its predictive value for disease improvement. Conclusion: Our results showed the clinical significance of lymphopenia for predicting the severity of COVID-19 and the recovery of the disease, emphasizing the need to monitor the lymphocyte count dynamically.

Plasma Calcium Levels in Preeclampsia Versus Normotensive Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Hospital: A Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Peter Pase Sende ◽  
Aliyu Yabagi Isah ◽  
Madueke Maxwell Nwegbu ◽  
Bissallah Ahmed Ekele ◽  
Teddy Eyaofun Agida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Plasma Calcium

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Serum Calcium in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy at Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad City, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

ABSTRACT Introduction Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific disorder, is a global health problem. The major mineral calcium has been proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. The present study was aimed to compare the level of serum calcium in normal pregnant women and in preeclampsia and determine the association of serum calcium with severity of the disease. Study design This study included 60 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia as cases and 60 healthy pregnant women as controls in the third trimester of gestation. The concentration of total serum calcium was measured in both groups. Results Serum calcium level was significantly decreased in preeclamptic women than in normal pregnant women. Serum calcium showed significant negative correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Hypocalcemia found in preeclamptic women in our study suggests that serum calcium may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of this disorder. Routine estimation of serum calcium may be useful as a diagnostic marker in preeclampsia. How to cite this article Aghade SM, Bavikar JS. Comparative Study of Serum Calcium in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy at Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad City, India. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(2):147-150.

ASSESSMENT OF THE PLATELET COUNT IN THE PREGNANT WOMEN IN IGIMS, PATNA, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanwi Singh ◽  
Anshuman Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Platelet Count ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The major risk associated with low platelet count in pregnancy is the increased risk of bleeding during the childbirth or post that. There is an increased blood supply to the uterus during pregnancy and the surgical procedure requires cutting of major blood vessels. Women with thrombocytopenia are at increased risk of losing excessive blood. The risk is more in case of caesarean delivery as compared to vaginal delivery. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of the Platelet Count in the Pregnant Women in IGIMS, Patna, Bihar. The present study was planned in Department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India. The present study was planned from duration of January 2019 to June 2019. In the present study 200 pregnant females samples received for the platelet estimation were enrolled in the present study. Clinically platelet indices can be a useful screening test for early identification of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Also platelet indices can assess the prognosis of this disease in pregnant women and can be used as an effective prognostic marker because it correlates with severity of the disease. Platelet count is a simple, low cost, and rapid routine screening test. Hence the data generated from the present study concludes that platelet count can be used as a simple and cost effective tool to monitor the progression of preeclampsia, thereby preventing complications to develop during the gestational period. Keywords: Platelet Count, Pregnant Women, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, etc.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IODINE METABOLISM IN PREGNANCY, SPORADIC GOITRE AND THYROTOXICOSIS

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Aboul-Khair ◽  
J. Crooks
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Deficiency State ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Studies of iodine metabolism have been carried out in 15 pregnant women, 33 cases with sporadic goitre and 11 with thyrotoxicosis. A low plasma inorganic iodine was common to the three groups. In pregnancy and sporadic goitre the thyroid clearance of iodine was elevated and the absolute iodine uptake normal. A high thyroid clearance of iodine in thyrotoxicosis was associated with a high absolute iodine uptake. The results suggest that both pregnancy and sporadic goitre are physiological responses to an iodine deficiency state while the iodine deficiency state of thyrotoxicosis is secondary to increased thyroid activity.

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