scholarly journals The peculiarities of patients with COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Andrei Ungurean ◽  
◽  
Alina Malic ◽  
Tatiana Osipov ◽  
Evelina Lesnic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Case ◽  
Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Standard Case Management ◽  
Age Over 60

Background: The surge demand and decreased availability of the health workers determined the designation of the Clinical Municipal Hospital of Phthisiopneumology (CMHP) into a hospital for the case-management of COVID-19 patients during the period of December 2020 – April 2021 for the treatment of the mild cases. The aim of the study was to assess the main peculiarities of the patients with COVID-19 through a cross-sectional study developed during the period February-April 2021 in the CMHP. Material and methods: A cross-sectional, analytical and prospective study was realized, which included 145 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the CMHP during February-April 2021. The inclusion criteria were: patient older 18 years, COVID-19 infection diagnosed by the pulmonologist with the positive polymerase chain reaction result for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and signed informed consent. Results: The peculiarities of patients with COVID-19 were dominated by the female sex, age over 60 years, residence in the urban districts of Chisinau and the infection acquired in the Republic of Moldova. Common clinical manifestations were: high temperature, profuse sweats, asthenia and headaches, productive cough, dyspnea, loss of smell or taste, and sore throat. The typical radiological findings such ground-glass pattern or consolidation with bilateral multifocal involvement were most frequent. Were cured most of the patients and the death rate was low. Conclusions: Peculiarities and clinical manifestations of the patients admitted in CMHP were typical for the COVID-19 infection. These findings did not show the real outcome of the standard case-management of the COVID-19 due to the restricted admission criteria.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Syndromic STI Case Management/RH Training in Knowledge and Practice of Auxiliary Health Workers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Adhikari ◽  
L Sherchan ◽  
SB Thapa ◽  
LM Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

INTRODUCTION: Auxiliary Health Workers (AHWs) are the undergraduate 2nd  class health workforce of Nepal. Syndromic Sexually Transmitted Infection Case Management/Reproductive Health (SSCM/RH) training for AHWs is designed to develop knowledge, attitude and skills. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the training in knowledge and practice of AHWs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Achham district from where all AHWs were purposively selected for cross-sectional study. Total number of trained AHWs was 35 and untrained was 19, who were interviewed to fulfill the structured pretested questionnaire that included knowledge inventory and self reported practice.The data collected from29th May to 25th July, 2005. Written consent was taken from respondents after permission taken from Achham DHO. Statistical tests used were mean, median, SD, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's rho and chi-square. Values with p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS : All AHWs were male, with mean age of 32.1 years. Regarding knowledge, the scores in all syndromes diagnosis and treatment regimen were significantly different in two groups except in two syndromes. Two practices were found significant. The median knowledge score was 20 (IQR, 16-22) and 16 (IQR, 12-20) in trained and untrained respectively. Similarly, median practice score was found 14 (IQR, 10-16) and 7 (IQR, 6-9) in trained and untrained respectively. In aggregate, both the practice score (U=38.5, p<0.001, two-tailed) and the knowledge score (U=205, p=0.020, two-tailed) of trained group significantly differed from that of untrained. Knowledge and practice score was also found positively and moderately correlated (P=0.616, p<0.001, two-tailed).CONCLUSION: The training was effectivein bringing about changes both in knowledge and practice of AHWs. The higher the knowledge level, the higher the practice level.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v2i3.11826 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol.2(3) 2014: 34-37

scholarly journals Congenital Rubella Syndrome: An Overview of Clinical Presentations in Bangladeshi Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nure Ishrat Nazme ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Manzoor Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Serological Test ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Case ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Neurological Problem

Background: Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) has long been characterized by the triad of deafness, cataract and cardiovascular malformations with or without mental retardation. Objective: This study was conducted to observe the clinical manifestations of CRS in children of Bangladesh. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was carried out in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total 40 cases of CRS were enrolled from indoor and outpatient departments of these two hospitals, who were diagnosed according to standard case definition. Serological test for rubella antibody, chest X-ray, colour Doppler echocardiography, visual examination and hearing assessment were done in relative specialised centres. Results: The mean(±SD) age of the study subjects was 6.6(±5.7) months (range: 0-24 months). Among the subjects, 68% were male and 32% were female. Serum for rubella specific antibody revealed positive IgG in 60% cases and IgM in 28% cases. Neurological problem was the most frequently observed (90%) systemic complication followed by visual problem (83%), congenital hearing loss (80%) and congenital heart disease (78%). Cataract was the commonest (55%) among visual problems and microcephaly (62%) among neurological manifestations. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was the most common (37.5%) isolated structural cardiac defect. Maximum (62.5%) children came from poor socioeconomic status. Maternal onset of infection was commonly detected in 1st trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: Diagnosis of CRS and recognition of its versatile pattern of clinical presentation are crucial for better prognosis of the affected children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v2i2.20522 Delta Med Col J. Jul 2014; 2(2): 42-47

scholarly journals Needs Assessment of Community Health Workers to enhance efficient delivery of their services for Community Case Management of Malaria in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Danny Stampley Boakye ◽  
Collins J. Owek ◽  
Elizabeth Oluoch ◽  
Sefa Bonsu Atakora ◽  
Juddy Wachira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Malaria continues to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa. Community Case Management of malaria (CCMm) through engaging Community Health Workers (CHWs) to effectively address management of malaria cases in some endemic communities was explored in this study. We assessed the needs of CHWs that would help sustain and retain their services to enhance the efficient delivery of CCMm.Methods Data on the needs of CHWs was gathered through a qualitative cross-sectional study consisting of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted among study participants in five districts in western Kenya using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study participants comprised of 100 CHWs, 100 mothers of children under five years and 25 key informants made up of public health officers and clinicians involved in the CCMm. The interviews were conducted in English and Swahili or Dholuo, the local language. The recorded audio interviews were transcribed later. The analysis was done using NVivo version 7 software and transcripts were coded after which themes related to the objectives of the study were identified.Results All the study participants recognized the need to train and update CHWs on their work as well as remunerating them for their services to enhance efficient delivery of services. The CHWs on their part perceived the provision of gloves, RDTs, lancets, cotton wool and ethanol, bins (to dispose of RDTs and lancets), together with drugs for treating clients as their essential needs to undertake CCMm in the communities. Other logistical needs and incentives mentioned by CHWs and key informants for the successful delivery of CCMm included: gumboots, raincoats, torch lights, mobile phones, means of transportation (bicycles and motorbikes), uniforms and ID cards for identification.Conclusion CHWs would perform tasks better and their services retained for a sustainable CCMm if properly incentivized, offered refresher trainings (and updates) on malaria and equipped with the requisite tools identified in this study.

scholarly journals Violence and injuries among school children in the Republic of Srpska

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Janja Bojanic ◽  
Sanja Matovic-Miljanovic ◽  
Slavenka Jankovic ◽  
Ljubica Jandric ◽  
Milena Raznatovic-Djurovic
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
School Children ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Republic ◽  
School Yard

Introduction. There are only a limited number of researches on the frequency, extent, causality and the location of injuries among young people. It is difficult to say to which extent the risky behavior in youth is really spread, because there are no routine data on this issue. In the Republic of Srpska, the first nationwide survey on health behavior of school aged children was conducted, comprising a very important area of health behavior related to injuries, violence and harassment. The aim of this paper was to investigate the risky behavior of school children in the Republic of Srpska in relation to injuries, violence and harassment. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted throughout the entire territory of the Republic of Srpska during 2002, on a selected sample of schools and covered a total of 1783 pupils, 15 years of age. The survey instrument was the international standard questionnaire, modified for the Republic of Srpska region. Results. Almost a quarter of all polled school children of both sexes have participated in fights. More than 10% of boys carry weapons. Injuries have mostly occurred during sports activities, on sports grounds (35.8%), at home (26.9%), in the school yard (14.5%), in the street or parking lots (11.4%) and in the country side (5.6%). Conclusion. The existing violence and injuries among school children indicate a clear need for improvement of mutual communication and tolerance among pupils and involvement of all relevant community members: parents, teachers, health workers and the entire society in health education of school children. .

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices of frontline health workers in relation to detection of brucellosis in rural settings of Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Joseph Mligo ◽  
Calvin Sindato ◽  
Richard B. Yapi ◽  
Coletha Mathew ◽  
Ernatus M. Mkupasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Health Workers

Abstract Background Brucellosis an important zoonotic disease worldwide, which frequently presents as an undifferentiated febrile illness with otherwise varied and non-specific clinical manifestations. Despite its importance, there are few reports on its awareness among frontline health workers. This study aimed at assessing the baseline knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to detection and management of brucellosis among frontline health workers (FHWs) namely; healthcare workers (HWs) and community health workers (CHWs). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to January 2020 in Kilosa and Chalinze districts of Tanzania. Data on demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practices regarding brucellosis were collected from the study participants using a structured questionnaire. Interviews were conducted with 32 HWs and 32 CHWs who were systematically selected in study districts. Chi square/fisher Exact was used to assess the association between sociodemographic variables and those related to knowledge, attitude and practices. Results Overall, a total of 30 (93.8%) HWs and nine (28.1%) CHWs from the study districts heard about brucellosis, with (34.4%) of HWs having knowledge about the causative organism. Overall, knowledge showed almost half (46.9%) HWs and (28.1%) CHWs were aware of the symptoms, clinical signs, diagnosis and control regarding brucellosis. Knowledge difference was statistically significant with HWs’ age (p = 0.016). Almost half (46.9%) HWs and less than quarter (12.5%) CHWs had good practices regarding brucellosis control. Almost three quarters (71.9%) of HWs and (21.9%) CHWs had positive attitude regarding brucellosis control; overall attitude was statistically significant with CHWs age (p = 0.028) and education level (p = 0.024). Lack of awareness and unavailability of diagnostic tools were the main challenges faced by FHWs in the two districts. Conclusion The majority of participants were not aware of human brucellosis. Moreover, their overall knowledge was inadequate and the common practices were diagnostic tools, and adequate knowledge to manage brucellosis cases. These findings highlight the need to strengthen frontline health workers knowledge, practices and diagnostic capacities related to brucellosis.

Implementation status of antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals: A quantitative analysis study in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam

MedPharmRes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Thi-Hai-Yen Nguyen ◽  
Truong Van Dat ◽  
Phuong-Thao Huynh ◽  
Chi-Thuong Tang ◽  
Vinh-Chau Van Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
The Status ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
Implementation Status

Vietnam has one of the highest multi drug resistance in Asia. Although, despite many efforts to implement the Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (the ASP) since 2016, studies that on the implementation policy are very lacking of this program are limited. For that reason, we conducted this cross-sectional study to analyze the viewpoint of health workers (HWs) on the implementation of the ASP at some hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). An assessment of 234 HWs showed that the implementation of the ASP in HCMC hospitals was above average (62.7/100.0). A barrier to the implementation consisted of the deficiency in finances, guidelines for diagnosis, and specific interventions for some common infections, such as distributing current antibiogram and monitoring rate of Clostridioides difficile infections. These were the widely recognized problems in initially implementing the ASP. Although most HWs are aware of the importance of implementing the ASP (79.1%), the specific assessment has not been recorded clearly due to the numerous neutral responses. Despite the support of the leadership, the implementation still faces many difficulties and limitations, especially in 3rd and 4th class hospitals. Besides, there was a lack of wide dissemination of information on the ASP at each unit. To generalize the status of the ASP implementation, researchers should conduct qualitative and quantitative studies with a larger scale.

Etiologies, Clinical Manifestations, and Factors Associated with Severe Symptomatic Hyponatremia among Hospitalized Hyponatremia Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: Hyponatremia is associated with unfavorable outcomes in many cases. The mainstay of hyponatremia treatment depends on its symptoms and etiology. However, etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia have been rarely reported. Objective: To analyze and report etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, the authors enrolled hospitalized patients with hyponatremia who had consulted a nephrologist between October 1, 2017, and October 31, 2018. Their baseline characteristics and clinical manifestations were recorded. Etiologies were confirmed by the attending nephrology staff. Factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: One hundred patients were included in this study. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use were the leading hyponatremia etiologies. Hyponatremia etiologies differed between patients with community-acquired hyponatremia (n=50) and those with hospital-associated hyponatremia (n=50). Patients with communityacquired hyponatremia were older, presented with a higher frequency of severe symptomatic hyponatremia, and showed lower SNa-levels. Low SNa-levels were significantly associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia (p=0.014). Conclusion: Hyponatremia remains an important health problem. SIAD, hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use are among the leading etiologies of hyponatremia. Low SNa-levels are associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia; thus, physicians should pay close attention to low SNa-levels in hospitalized patients. Keywords: Hyponatremia, Symptomatic Hyponatremia, Community-acquired hyponatremia, Hospital-associated hyponatremia

Non-compliance to Mass Drug Administration Associated with the Low Perception of the Community Members About their Susceptibility to Lymphatic Filariasis in Ankobra, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Ilo Dicko ◽  
Yaya Ibrahim Coulibaly ◽  
Modibo Sangaré ◽  
Bismark Sarfo ◽  
Priscillia Awo Nortey
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Degree Of Association

Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease that has been targeted for elimination through the Mass Drug Administration (MDA.) Although the MDA started in the Ankobra community in Ghana in 2000, LF prevalence as reported in 2014 was relatively high (4.5%). Non-compliance to the MDA has been associated with the persistent LF prevalence in endemic regions. Objective: This study determined the factors associated with the non-compliance to the MDA among patients living in the Ankobra community, Ghana. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a one-stage cluster sampling method was used to collect data between June and July, 2017 in Ankobra. Questionnaires were used to collect data from health workers, the MDA drug distributors and study participants in Ankobra. Data analysis was performed using STATA 14. Logistic regression was used to measure the degree of association between the dependent (non-compliance) and independent variables. Non-compliance rate was defined as the percentage of individuals who self-reported that they did not actually swallow the drugs provided during the MDA. Results: The MDA coverage and non-compliance rates were 73.5% (147/200) and 33.33% (49/147) respectively. The main reason for non-compliance was fear of drug adverse events (75.51%, 37/49). Thought of “not being susceptible to LF” was significantly associated with the non-compliance (aOR= 2.83, [CI= 1.15, 6.98]). Conclusion: Health education about the susceptibility of residents getting LF disease in endemic community must be intensified to improve compliance to MDA medication ingestion and thus meet the Global Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis by 2020.

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