scholarly journals Covid-19 Pandemic: The Study for Reserve Requirement of Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dewi Mahrani Rangkuty ◽  
Hidayati Purnama Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Cointegration Test ◽  
Reserve Requirement ◽  
Johansen Cointegration ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Johansen Cointegration Test

The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the Indonesian economy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the causality and balanced relationship in the long term between RR, IR and INF variables during the Covid-19 pandemic. With the Granger Causality and Johansen Cointegration test methods, the results showed that there is a long-term balance between RR, IR and INF. RR and IR are one-way causality relationships, IR and INF are one-way causality relationships. There is no causality relationship between IR and RR and vice versa during the Covid-19 pandemic. The RR policy affects the determination of IR and IR affecting Indonesia's INF during the Covid-19 pandemic. To reduce the inflation rate during the pandemic, Bank Indonesia needs to implement RR policy through the determination of interest rates.

scholarly journals The Impact of Export Volume and GDP on USA’s Civil Aviation in Between 1980-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Kalayci ◽  
Sabire Yazici
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Cointegration Test ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Johansen Cointegration ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Johansen Cointegration Test ◽  
The Impact

This paper assays how the effect of USA’s both export volume and GDP have on civil aviation by implementing econometrical models such as linear regression and Johansen Co-integration tests in order to realize the dimension of its influence. The impact of both export volume and GDP on civil aviation have analyzed between the years 1980 and 2012 in order to make it a parametrical test by using E-Views Programme. According to Johansen cointegration test there is a long term relationship between the variables in between 1980-2012.Furthermore, It has been founded that USA’s export volume and GDP have crucial influence on civil aviation according to the E-Views programme results within the periods of 1980-2012. influence. The impact of both export volume and GDP on civil aviation have analyzed between the years 1980 and 2012 in order to make it a parametrical test by using E-Views Programme. According to Johansen cointegration test there is a long term relationship between the variables in between 1980-2012. Furthermore, It has been founded that USA’s export volume and GDP have crucial influence on civil aviation according to the E-Views programme results within the periods of 1980-2012.

SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST: A NATURAL EXPERIMENT FROM CRYPTO EXCHANGES

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
AHMET FARUK AYSAN ◽  
ASAD UL ISLAM KHAN ◽  
HUMEYRA TOPUZ ◽  
AHMET SEMIH TUNALI
Keyword(s):  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Cointegration Test ◽  
Johansen Cointegration ◽  
Johansen Cointegration Test ◽  
Survival Of The Fittest

This paper explores the applicability of universal cryptocurrency exchange by analyzing crypto exchanges of Binance, Latoken, Kucoin and Qash, which also have their own cryptocurrencies in the crypto market. Results of the recursive Johansen cointegration test proved that even though all of the cryptocurrencies have cointegration among each other, Binance positively disassociated itself from the others after it moved to Malta on 23 March 2018. Based on the daily prices of cryptocurrencies over the period from 6 November 2017 to 10 November 2019, taken from coinmarketcap, we conclude that Binance can be considered as a survival of the fittest among all of the crypto exchanges in this natural experiment.

scholarly journals Regular Econometric Model of Taylor for Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Ergys Misha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Financial Assets

The Taylor’s Rule Central Banks is applying widely today from Central Banks for design the monetary policy and for determination of interest rates. The purpose of this paper is to assess monetary policy rule in Albania, in view of an inflation targeting regime. In the first version of the Model, the Taylor’s Rule assumes that base interest rate of the monetary policy varies depending on the change of (1) the inflation rate and (2) economic growth (Output Gap).Through this paper it is proposed changing the objective of the Bank of Albania by adding a new objective, that of "financial stability", along with the “price stability”. This means that it is necessary to reassess the Taylor’s Rule by modifying it with incorporation of indicators of financial stability. In the case of Albania, we consider that there is no regular market of financial assets in the absence of the Stock Exchange. For this reason, we will rely on the credit developmet - as a way to measure the financial cycle in the economy. In this case, the base rate of monetary policy will be changed throught: (1) Targeting Inflation Rate, (2) Nominal Targeting of Economic Growth, and (3) Targeting the Gap of the Ratio Credit/GDP (mitigating the boom cycle, if the gap is positive, and the contractiocycle if the gap is negative).The research data show that, it is necessary that the Bank of Albania should also include in its objective maintaining the financial stability. In this way, the contribution expected from the inclusion of credit gap indicators in Taylor’s Rule, will be higher and sustainable in time.

scholarly journals Forecasting, Reporting, And Coping With Systematic Risk

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Gail E. Farrelly ◽  
Marion G. Sobol
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Systematic Risk ◽  
Fortune 500 ◽  
Corporate Executives ◽  
Systematic Risk Factors ◽  
And Coping

A sample of 123 corporate executives, from the Fortune 500 Industrial Corporations list, evaluate nine common systematic risk factors such as rate of inflation, long-term interest rates, level of money supply, price of crude oil, etc. Executives indicate their views on the significance of these risk factors as well as their ability to cope with, and report on, these factors. Future interest rate changes and inflation rate changes are considered to be the most significant risks. There is a high negative correlation between the significance of particular risks and the ability to cope with these risks.

scholarly journals THE DETERMINATION OF FINANCIAL STRUCTURE IN AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHING INDUSTRY IN SELECTED COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-78
Author(s):  
Petra Růčková ◽  
Nicole Škuláňová
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Financial Structure ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Inflation Rates

Every economic sector, every single industry, every economy, and even every firm has its specific financial structure. Given that it is not possible to examine thousands of individual companies for scientific purposes, it is necessary to at least examine the differences between individual sectors, industries and countries. At the same time, the formation and optimization of the financial structure is influenced by a myriad of diverse factors that financial managers should take into account in their decisions. Thanks to these facts, more and more researches had been created for over half a century. This research expands knowledge in seven selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe – the Visegrád Group, Bulgaria, Slovenia and Romania. The aim of the research is to evaluate, based on the Generalized Method of Moments, the relationship between the six selected factors and the indebtedness level in companies belonging to the agricultural, forestry and fishing industry. The subject of the research is medium, large and very large companies during the years 2009 to 2016. The research deals with the influence of profitability, liquidity, asset structure, economic development, inflation and interest rates on the total, long-term and short-term indebtedness of companies. The main finding of the research is that companies are influenced by both internal and external determinants. However, even though the industry should be neutral, external determinants – GDP growth rates, inflation rates and interest rates – have a more significant impact on the debt level. The results of this research will not only extend current knowledge in the field of corporate finance, but at the same time, the results may be stimulating in setting support rules for public administration and even European institutions, as the selected industry is strongly linked to subsidy policies.

scholarly journals A Multi – Speed Europe, and the Peripherality of Poland

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Mateusz Mierzejewski ◽  
Karolina Palimąka
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Polish Economy

AbstractIn recent years, research on the synchronization of business cycles in economies has been undertaken more than once. This is a desirable phenomenon especially for the European Union. The aim of the article is to verify selected macroeconomic indicators that characterize the economies of countries belonging to the European Union in relation to Poland, thus presenting convergence of dynamic cycles of changes in socio-economic sphere indicators: inflation rate, unemployment rate, short-term interest rates, and GDP. For this purpose, a cross-spectral analysis was used which allows us to show the occurring fluctuations of different lengths, as well as to compare the strength of the relation of changes between selected indicators. According to the conducted analyses, it was noted that the Polish economy (in the perspective of long-term changes) is a determinant of changes for highly developed countries.

scholarly journals Poverty, Unemployment and Food Insecurity: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-123
Author(s):  
Onime, Bright Enakhe ◽  
Stephen Tamuno
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Cointegration Test ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Johansen Cointegration ◽  
Johansen Cointegration Test

The high incidence of poverty in Nigeria coupled with the alarming rate of unemployment has raised concerns among experts as to their likely relationship with food insecurity. This study examined the nexus between poverty, unemployment and food insecurity using the Johansen cointegration test and the vector error correction model. The result from the Johansen cointegration test suggests a long-run relationship between food insecurity, poverty and unemployment. Findings from the vector error correction analysis showed a positive but insignificant relationship between poverty and food insecurity such that a percentage change in poverty in the current period is associated with a 0.09 per cent increase in food insecurity on average, ceteris paribus. Besides, a positive and significant relationship subsists between unemployment and food insecurity where an increase in unemployment exacerbated the latter. Clearly, a 1 per cent deviation in the previous period unemployment level is associated with a 1.2 per cent degeneration of the food insecurity position in the short run. In the same vein, a 1 per cent change in unemployment in the current period causes a 1.5 per cent aggravation of food insecurity. Following the findings, this study recommends a multi sector-specific approach to solving the issue of poverty in Nigeria targeting agriculture and its employment generating capacity, creating the enabling environment through infrastructure development and improving the ease of doing business for the private sector to strive and enhance its employment generating capacities. The study concludes with a call for the implementation of a holistic food security policy targeting improvement in crop yield, internal security problems and the proper funding of agriculture to be effective.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF PERSONAL SIGNIFICANCE AND CONTENT OF VALUES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-455
Author(s):  
A.M. Lesin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Personal Significance ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychological Structure ◽  
Long Term Experience

This article poses a problem associated with the difficulties of studying and identifying the motivational potential of the value sphere, as well as the discrepancy between the content of the same values in different people or in the same, but at different times. The article describes the results of a theoretical search associated with different approaches to understanding and studying values in different sciences and scientific schools. Also, the main variants of classifications of values and the ways of their formation in the direction of the personality in the process of ontogenesis are determined. The difficulties associated with the study of values with the help of tests, taking into account the social desirability and expectation of answers or the lack of self-reflection ability of the respondents, are described. The modern non-test methods and approaches to the study of the value sphere are analyzed, which make it possible to identify personally significant values and the level of their motivational potential. A method is proposed for determining the personal significance of values , as opposed to their reflec tive representation, using the magnitude of the conflict between the significance and the implementation of values. The long-term experience of using this method among various respondents is described. Variants of the destructive level of personal significance of some values are demonstrated. The possibilities and examples of the study of values in relation to the psychological structure of initiative are shown. The possibilities of content analysis in determining the content are illustrated, examples of different semantic content of the same values are given. It is concluded that, in addition to classical test methods, it is necessary to apply such methods as well, which will help to distinguish between value ideas and personal values proper, as well as to determine their content.

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