scholarly journals Changes in the assessments of cancer service indicators in cervical cancer in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
N. S. IGISSINOV ◽  
Zh. B. TELMANOVA ◽  
G. S. IGISSINOVA ◽  
Z. A. BILYALOVA ◽  
D. M. KULMIRZAYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Biomedical Statistics

About 800 thousand new cases of cervical cancer (CC) are predicted, and it is expected that about 460 thousand women will die from this pathology, according to the forecasts of the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2040. To this aim, an analysis studying the indicators of the cancer service for CC also allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-cancer measures in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Aim: Evaluate some indicators of the cancer service at CC in Kazakhstan for 2009-2018. Materials and methods. The research material was data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan – annual form No.7 and 35 regarding CC (ICD10–C53) for 2009-2018 – incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics was used as the main method. Results and discussion. For 2009-2018, 16,441 new cases of CC were registered in the Republic for the first time, and 6,461 women died from this disease. The crude CC incidence rate increased from 16.3±0.4‰ (2009) to 19.5±0.5‰ in 2018 (p=0.000). In dynamics, mortality rates from CC tended to decrease from 8.4±0.3‰ (2009) to 6.4±0.3‰ in 2018 (р=0.000). The research of the study period reveals a trend: early diagnosis indicators (specific weight of patients with I-II stage) improved from 79.8% (2009) to 88.1% in 2018, and accordingly the specific weight of neglected patients significantly decreased with stage III (from 15.4% to 8.9%) and with stage IV (from 3.4% to 2.7%). The morphological verification indicators for CC remained virtually unchanged, remaining fairly high 99.2% and 99.3%, respectively, in 2009 and 2018. Conclusion. An analysis of the indicators of the cancer service in CC revealed an improvement in morphological verification and early diagnosis, a decrease in neglect and mortality rates, which is undoubtedly associated with regular anti-cancer activities in Kazakhstan, in particular CC screening.

Evaluation changes in indicators of oncological service in gastric cancer in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1-2 (211-212) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Rustem Taszhanov ◽  
◽  
Nurbek Igissinov ◽  
Saken Kozhakhmetov ◽  
Sarsenbi Koblandin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Keywords Gastric Cancer ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

About 1.8 million new cases of gastric cancer (GC) are predicted and it is expected that about 1.4 million human will die from this pathology, according to the forecasts of the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2040. To this aim, an analysis studying the indicators of the oncological service for GC also makes it possible to evaluate the ongoing anti-cancer measures in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Aim. Evaluate some indicators of the oncological service at GC in Kazakhstan in 2009 to 2018. Material and methods. The research material was data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan – annual form No. 7 and 35 regarding GC (ICD 10-C50) for 2009 2018 – incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics was used as the main method. Results and discussion. For 2009-2018, 27,468 new cases of GC were registered in the republic for the first time and 19,672 deaths from this pathology were registered. The average annual crude incidence rate of GC was 16.1±0.20/0000 (95% CI=15.7-16.5) and decreased in dynamics from 16.8±0.30/0000 (2009) to 15.1±0.30/0000 in 2018, the difference was statistically significant (t=4.01 and p=0.000). In dynamics, mortality rates from GC tended to statistically significant (t=12.02 and p=0.000) decrease from 14.0±0.30/0000 (2009) to 8.9±0.20/0000 in 2018 year, and the average annual crude mortality rate from GC was 11.6±0.60/0000 (95% CI=10.5-12.7). The research of the study period reveals a trend: early diagnosis indicators (specific weight of patients with I-II stage) improved from 24.5% (2009) to 41.3% in 2018, and accordingly the specific weight of neglected patients significantly decreased with stage III (from 46.2% to 41.1%) and with stage IV (from 29.3% to 17.5%). The morphological verification indicators for GC over the studied years improved from 85.1% to 95.0%. Conclusion. An analysis of the indicators of the oncological service in GC revealed an improvement in morphological verification and early diagnosis, a decrease in neglect and mortality rates, which is undoubtedly associated with ongoing anti-cancer measures in Kazakhstan, in particular with the screening, which was carried out in 2012-2016. Keywords: gastric cancer, incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification.

Evaluation Changes in Indicators of Oncological Service in Colorectal Cancer in East Kazakhstan Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 9-10 (219-220) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Yerkezhan Zhadykova ◽  
◽  
Sauirbay Sakhanov ◽  
Dulat Turebayev ◽  
Dariyana Kulmirzayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Keywords Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

About 3.15 million new cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) are predicted and it is expected that about 1.62 million human will die from this pathology, according to the forecasts of the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2040. To this aim, an analysis studying studying the indicators of the oncological service for CRC also makes it possible to evaluate the ongoing anti-cancer measures in East Kazakhstan region. Aim. Evaluate some indicators of the oncological service at CRC in East Kazakhstan region in 2009 to 2018. Materials and methods. The research material was data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan – annual form No. 7 and 35 regarding CRC (ICD 10 – C18-21) for 2009-2018 in East Kazakhstan region – incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics was used as the main method. Results and discussion. For 2009-2018, 3,661 new cases of CRC were registered in East Kazakhstan region for the first time. The incidence of CRC was 25.30/0000 and in dynamics tended to increase from 21.90/0000 (2009) to 25.70/0000 in 2018, the difference was statistically significant (t=1.99 and p=0.047). The mortality rate from CRC tended to decrease from 15.50/0000 to 14.70/0000 (p=0.591), and the average annual mortality rate from CRC was 15.60/0000. The indicators of early diagnosis (the proportion of patients with stage I-II) improved from 58.8% (2009) to 62.3% in 2018, and, accordingly, the indicators of the proportion of neglected patients significantly decreased with stage III (from 25.5% to 20.8%), while with stage IV (from 15.7% to 16.9%) there is a slight increase. The indicators of morphological verification in CRC improved from 90.5% to 98.6% during the studied years. Conclusion. An improvement in the indicators of morphological verification and early diagnosis of CRC was found. The obtained results are recommended to be used for monitoring anti-cancer measures in the region. Keywords: colorectal cancer, incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification.

Evaluation changes in indicators of oncological service in breast cancer in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1-2 (211-212) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Nurbek Igissinov ◽  
◽  
Asem Toguzbayeva ◽  
Gulnur Igissinova ◽  
Zarina Bilyalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Crude Mortality Rate ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

According to estimates from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) by 2040 the global burden is expected to grow to 3 million new breast cancer cases and 1 million cancer deaths of this cause. Studying the indicators of the oncological service for breast cancer allows us to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of mammological screening in Kazakhstan. Aim. Evaluate some indicators of the oncological service at breast cancer in Kazakhstan in 2009 to 2018. Material and methods. The research material was data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan - annual form No.7 and No.35 regarding breast cancer (ICD 10 C50) for 2009-2018. - morbidity, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics was used as the main method. Results and discussion. For 2009-2018, 40,199 new cases of breast cancer were registered in the republic for the first time and 12,971 women died from this disease. The average annual crude incidence rate of breast cancer was 45.4±1.40/0000 (95% CI=42.8-48.1) and increased in dynamics from 39.5±0.70/0000 (2009) to 49.6±0.70/0000 in 2018, the difference was statistically significant (t=10.2 and p=0.000). In dynamics, mortality rates from breast cancer tended to statistically significant (t=7.95 and p=0.000) decrease from 16.5±0.40/0000 (2009) to 12.0±0.40/0000 in 2018 year, and the average annual crude mortality rate from breast cancer was 14.8 0.50/0000 (95% CI=13.7-15.8). The indicators of early diagnosis (the proportion of patients with stage I-II) improved from 71.1% (2009) to 87.6% in 2018, the proportion of patients with stage III decreased (from 22.2% to 8.6 %) and stage IV (from 6.4% to 3.6%) for the studied years, i.e. neglect rates are declining. The indicators of morphological verification in breast cancer have always been high and over the studied years improved from 93.4% to 99.1%. Conclusion. An analysis of the indicators of the oncological service at breast cancer revealed an improvement in morphological verification and early diagnosis, a decrease in neglect and mortality rates, which is undoubtedly associated with ongoing anti-cancer measures in Kazakhstan, which a regularly mammological screening. Keywords: breast cancer, incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological neglect.

scholarly journals Early diagnosis of cervical cancer in the Republic of Bashkortostan: a pilot project

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
А.Ф. Ахметгалеева ◽  
Р.И. Султанова ◽  
О.И. Машков ◽  
В.Л. Ахметова ◽  
М.В. Мельникова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Positive Results

В рамках пилотного проекта сплошного организованного комбинированного скрининга рака шейки матки (РШМ) было обследовано 29084 жительниц г.Уфы в возрасте от 30 до 39 лет с использованием технологии ВПЧ Дайджен-тест (Digene-тест, QIAGEN) с последующим цитологическим исследованием ВПЧ позитивных женщин. При проведении лабораторного обследования положительный результат был выявлен в 2991 случае, что составило 9,8% всех обследованных. Из них у 274 пациентов в результате дообследования были выявлены предраковые изменения шейки матки, а у 19 - карциномы на I стадии. Данное исследование является первым опытом в России по ранней диагностики РШМ. 29,084 Ufa residents were examined for cervical cancer using HPV technology Digene-test (Digene-test, QIAGEN), as part of a pilot project of organized combined screening, followed by cytological examination of HPV positive women. Women were 30-39 years old. Positive results were detected in 2991 cases, which is 9.8% of all examined women. Precancerous changes in the cervix was revealed in 274 patients, and carcinomas - in 19 patients.

scholarly journals Esophageal cancer: analytical indicators of cancer service efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
K. TOLEUTAIULУ ◽  
A. ZHYLKAYDAROVA ◽  
U. ZHUMASHEV ◽  
S. YESSENKULOVA ◽  
A. JAKIPBAYEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: Esophageal cancer ranks eighth in the structure of malignant tumors in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, in 2018, 1225 were primarily registered with esophageal cancer, and 825 patients died from this disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the esophageal cancer incidence and mortality among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2009-2018 and determine the cancer service efficacy. Results: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in the number of primary cases from 8.2‰ in 2009 to 6.7‰ in 2018, and the mortality – from 6.9‰ to 3.8‰. The share of early detection (Stage I-II) increased by 38.2% since 2009 to reach 52.1% in 2018. The share of stage IV esophageal cancer decreased from 7.2% in 2009 to 5.8% in 2018. One-year mortality decreased by 14.7% since 2009 to reach 41.2% in 2018, which speaks of the improvements in the timely diagnosis of esophageal cancer. The number of patients who received radical comprehensive treatment increased by 8.6% to reach 32.2% in 2018. The number of patients who received surgical treatment in 2009-2018 remained almost at the same level and amounted to 18.9 and 18.0%, respectively. However, during the years of screening for esophageal cancer, the proportion of surgical treatment increased from 26.6% to 30.4%. The ratio of incidence to mortality decreased from 91.4% to 68.8% in the study period indicating an improvement in the level of cancer service in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conclusion: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in primary incidence. The screening conducted in 2013-2016 has shown an improvement in early detection of esophageal cancer (stages I-II) and a decrease in the share of the advanced stage. The findings of this study shall serve as the basis for planning anti-cancer measures

scholarly journals Esophageal cancer: analytical indicators of cancer service efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
K. Toleutaiulу ◽  
A. Zhylkaydarova ◽  
U. Zhumashev ◽  
S. Yessenkulova ◽  
A. Jakipbayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: Esophageal cancer ranks eighth in the structure of malignant tumors in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, in 2018, 1225 were primarily registered with esophageal cancer, and 825 patients died from this disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the esophageal cancer incidence and mortality among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2009-2018 and determine the cancer service efficacy. Results: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in the number of primary cases from 8.2‰ in 2009 to 6.7‰ in 2018, and the mortality – from 6.9‰ to 3.8‰. The share of early detection (Stage I-II) has increased by 38.2% since 2009 to reach 52.1% in 2018. The share of stage IV esophageal cancer has decreased from 7.2% in 2009 to 5.8% in 2018. One-year mortality has decreased by 14.7% since 2009 to reach 41.2% in 2018, which speaks of the improvements in the timely diagnosis of esophageal cancer. The number of patients who received radical comprehensive treatment has increased by 8.6% to reach 32.2% in 2018. The number of patients who received surgical treatment in 2009-2018 remained almost at the same level and amounted to 18.9 and 18.0%, respectively. However, during the years of screening for esophageal cancer, the proportion of surgical treatment has increased from 26.6% to 30.4%. The ratio of incidence to mortality has decreased from 91.4% to 68.8% in the study period indicating an improvement in the level of cancer service in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conclusion: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in primary incidence. The screening conducted in 2013-2016 has shown an improvement in early detection of esophageal cancer (stages I-II) and a decrease in the share of the advanced stage. The findings of this study shall serve as the basis for planning anti-cancer activities

scholarly journals Evolução Temporal da Mortalidade por Cancro do Colo do Útero em Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Teixeira ◽  
Ana Maria Pereira ◽  
Eugénia Anes ◽  
Carina Rodrigues ◽  
Maria José Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality

Introduction: The mortality rate due to cervical cancer is higher in Portugal compared to other European countries. This study aimed to evaluate the time-trends in cervical cancer mortality rates observed in Portugal over the last six decades.Material and Methods: Age-standardized cervical cancer mortality rates reported in Portugal between 1955 and 2014, were collected from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify significant changes in mortality rates by assessing the percentage of annual variation (%AV) of the rate and respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI) according to the age groups.Results: Among women with 30–39 years, cervical cancer mortality decreased 1.9% per year (95%CI: –2.3; –1.4) throughout the time-period, reaching 0.5/100 000 in 2014. Among women aged 40–49 years, CC mortality decreased between 1971 and 1981 (%AV = –11.6; IC 95%: –14.6; –8.6). Rates then increased by 2.4% per year (95%CI: 1.0; 3.8) until 2001 and such trend reverted from 2001 onwards (%AV = –5.2; IC 95%: –7.7; –2.6), reaching 3.0/100 000 in 2014. In women aged 50–64, 65–74 and 75 years or older, cervical cancer mortality rates decreased from 29.2 to 6.7/100 000, from 34.3 to 7.7/100 000 and from 24.7 to 9.2/100 000. The decline in mortality rates in these three age groups occurred mainly between 1970 and 1980, and there have been no significant changes in the last three decades.Discussion: In Portugal, the most impressive decline in cervical cancer mortality rates occurred in the 1970s concurrently with changes in the National Healthcare System. The most important changes were the increased access to early diagnosis and the improvement in therapeutic approaches. The plateau that we observed among older women over the last three decades can be partially explained by factors with negative impact on adherence to cervical screening.Conclusion: There was a marked decrease in mortality due to CC among all age groups. However, we observed a plateau of this indicator in more advanced age groups over the last three decades. These findings suggest the need of promoting adherence to cervical screening in Portugal.

MODERN FEATURES OF MENINGOCOCCAL SEPSIS (MENINGOCOCCEMIA) IN CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Serhiyenka E.N. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Meningococcal Infection ◽  
Meningococcal Sepsis ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Laboratory Features ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Global Health Problem

Meningococcal infection is a global health problem worldwide, which is caused by high mortality rates, difficulties in early diagnosis due to the nonspecific nature of the initial manifestations of the disease, and the unpredictability of the course. Invasive forms of infection are registered mainly in children of the first five years of life, which further actualizes this disease. In recent decades, the Republic of Belarus has seen a steady decline in morbidity rates, but given the epidemiological features of meningococcal infection (epidemiological ups and downs with a frequency of 10—20 years), experts are aware of the possible scale of the problem in the coming years. The article presents the results of the analysis (for the last 20 years) structures of invasive forms of meningococcal infection and clinical and laboratory features of meningococcal sepsis in children according to the data of the «City Children's Infectious Clinical Hospital» of Minsk.

HPV-associated cervical diseases: screening, methods of examination, principles of treatment

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Vera N Prilepskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Principles Of Treatment ◽  
Cervical Diseases

This article presents information about modern principles of diagnosis and treatment of HPV-associated diseases. Behind cervical cancer morbidity and mortality rates over the past 10 years increase significantly. Examination and observation of patients with human papillomavirus persistence of highly oncogenic types is important a link in cancer prevention. The article presents diagnostic methods, treatment of cervical diseases, as well as the possibility of pharmacotherapy in HPV-associated diseases.

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