Ski Rubber, a New Polyisoprene
Abstract It is known that the industrial synthesis of general purpose rubbers has been accomplished and has been developing on the basis of the use of divinyl as the starting monomer, taken either in the pure state (sodium-divinyl rubber) or in mixture with another monomer—styrene (divinylstyrene rubber). However, synthetic polymers of isoprene have, to this day, found no practical application despite the fact that natural rubber (NR) is a polyisoprene and the first samples of synthetic rubber were obtained from isoprene. This is explained by the circumstance that, up to the present time, it was not possible to synthesize an isoprene or a copolymer-isoprene rubber which would have substantially improved properties over a similar rubber obtained on the base of divinyl; in addition isoprene is a less plentiful raw material than divinyl. Divinyl rubbers differ from natural rubber not only in their microstructure but also in the chemical nature of the link of the polymer chain; and still, with time, they successfully replaced natural rubber in the production of a large number of rubber goods. At the same time, due to various new properties possessed by the divinyl rubbers, their application led to the improvement in the quality of certain goods and, in many cases, to a simplification and reduction in cost of production of the latter. Nevertheless even the most modern general purpose commercial rubbers, which are obtained from divinyl, possess various substantial shortcomings in comparison with natural rubber. The most significant shortcoming of the divinyl rubbers is their reduced elasticity. This shortcoming is especially significant all the more, since rubber mixes with these rubbers as a base must, because of their low strength, be prepared with a large content of carbon black. For this reason such rubbers cannot serve as an equivalent substitute for natural rubber in carcass and breaker rubbers for tires, especially truck tires, and in the manufacture of various technical and also household, highly elastic goods.