The Possibility of Obtaining Highly Fermented Rye Malt with the Use of Organic Processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Юлия Юрьевна Миллер ◽  
Татьяна Федоровна Киселева

Производство солода - это актуальное направление развития пищевой отрасли. От качества солода напрямую зависит качество готового напитка пивобезалкогольной отрасли. В технологии кваса используют ржаной солод двух видов - неферментированный и ферментированный, первый солод как источник ферментов, второй - вкусоароматических соединений. С целью улучшения технологических характеристик солода применяют различные способы воздействия на зерновое сырье на разных технологических стадиях. Авторы предлагают способ получения ржаного солода с применением стимулирующей обработки ржи на стадии замачивания. С этой целью по окончании замачивания, последние 6 ч выдержки зерна под слоем воды, в замочную воду вносят комплекс органических кислот из цикла Кребса в концентрации 10-9 моль/дм3 и выдерживают с ним 6 ч. Данная обработка позволяет усилить накопление ферментного потенциала зерна, и в первые 6 ч выдержки уровень амилолитической, протеолитической и цитолитической активностей превышает уровень аналогичных ферментов в необработанном зерне на 4,7; 9,8 и 3,5%, соответственно. Следующая стадия проращивания приводит к интенсивному накоплению ферментативной активности в ржаном солоде. Последующая сушка, а в случае ферментированного солода дополнительная стадия ферментации, провоцирующие естественное падение уровня гидролитических ферментов, приводят к накоплению ферментативной активности, ед./г: 215,0±1,0 (амилолитической), 57,2±0,1 (протеолитической), 315,0±1,0 (цитолитической) для неферментированного солода и 182,0±1,0 (амилолитической), 51,2±0,1 (протеолитической) и 286,0±1,0 (цитолитической) для ферментированного, что на 11-25% выше тех же показателей ржаного солода, полученного традиционным способом. Полученный ржаной солод (неферментированный и ферментированный) рекомендуется использовать в технологии кваса. Malt production is an actual direction of development of the food industry. The quality of the finished beverage of the beer and non-alcoholic industry directly depends on the quality of the malt. The kvass technology uses two types of rye malt - unfermented and fermented, the first malt as a source of enzymes, the second - flavoring compounds. In order to improve the technological characteristics of malt, various methods of influencing grain raw materials are used at different technological stages. We propose a method for producing rye malt with the use of stimulating rye processing at the soaking stage. For this purpose, at the end of soaking, the last six hours of grain aging under a layer of water, a complex of organic acids from the Krebs cycle is introduced into the water in a concentration of 10-9 mol/dm3 and aged with it for six hours. This treatment increases the accumulation of the enzyme potential of the grain, and in the first six hours of exposure, the level of amylolytic, proteolytic and cytolytic activity exceeds the level of similar enzymes in the untreated grain by 4.7; 9.8 and 3.5%, respectively. The next stage of germination leads to an intensive accumulation of enzymatic activity in rye malt. Subsequent drying, and in the case of fermented malt, an additional fermentation stage, provoking a natural drop in the level of hydrolytic enzymes, leads to the accumulation of enzymatic activity, units/g: 215.0±1.0 (amylolytic), 57.2±0.1 (proteolytic), 315.0±1.0 (cytolytic) for unfermented malt and 182.0±1.0 (amylolytic), 51.2±0.1 (proteolytic) and 286.0±1.0 (cytolytic) for fermented, which is 11-25% higher than the same indicators of rye malt obtained in the traditional way. The resulting rye malt (unfermented and fermented) is recommended for use in kvass technology.

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Dragan Sefer ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Marcela Speranda ◽  
Branko Petrujkic

Over a period of five years (2005-2009), the laboratory of the Department for Nutrition and Botanic analyzed 22 samples of mixes from the territory of Serbia, intended for the diet of two categories of cattle (fattening calves I and dairy cows with over 20 liters of milk). The analysis was performed using standard methods, and the obtained results were compared with the quality conditions prescribed under the Regulations on quality and other requirements for animal feed (SRY Official Gazette numbers 20/00 and 38/01). Intensive breeding of cattle implies the use of concentrated mixes for all categories which are adapted to the age and purpose of maintenance of the animals. The mixes are products of the animal food industry, and they are obtained through an established technological procedure using the required raw materials. The inadequate quality of raw materials causes problems involving the quality of the finished products, so that strict adherence to the established recipes does not necessary result in a satisfactory quality of the mixes. All of the above imposes the need for the constant monitoring of the nutritive value of the mixes, and consequently also of their quality. On the grounds of the analysis of the presence of the elementary nutritive matter, no significant differences were established with regard to the prescribed quantity of nutritive matter, so that the use of the examined mixes in the diets of the respective categories of cattle can be expected to yield satisfactory production results. .


2021 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Ольга Викторовна Багрянцева ◽  
Сергей Анатольевич Хотимченко ◽  
Светлана Анатольевна Шевелева ◽  
Людмила Павловна Минаева ◽  
Полина Александровна Семенова

В последние годы в Российской Федерации (РФ) появились сообщения об использовании в пищевой промышленности технологического вспомогательного средства (ТВС) - ферментного препарата на основе микробиальной трансглютаминазы (мТГ), который не входит в перечень разрешенных для использования в пищевой промышленности Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС). Анализ данных показал, что используемые в настоящее время в пищевой промышленности штаммы-продуценты мТГ - Streptomyces mobaraensis DSM40587 и Streptomyces mobaraensis S-8112 - наряду с этим ферментом могут синтезировать антибиотики блеомицин, детоксин, пиерицидин А, а также ферменты антибиотикоустойчивости, такие как пенициллин ацилазу, бета-лактамазу, что служит развитию антибиотикоустойчивости у микроорганизмов. При поступлении в желудочно-кишечный тракт (ЖКТ) в составе пищевой продукции мТГ может вызывать изменение структуры белков слизистой оболочки кишечника. Под влиянием мТГ увеличивается проницаемость стенки кишечника, происходит активация иммунного ответа, увеличивается антигенная нагрузка иммунной системы, происходит нарушение связи ДНК с гистонами. Показано, что мТГ может явиться причиной увеличения частоты проявления симптомов целиакии у гипосимптомных с неустановленным диагнозом генетически восприимчивых лиц, нарушения адгезии белков при формировании синдрома Альцгеймера, аллергии, а также нарушений иммунного статуса организма и микробиоценоза кишечника. Данный фермент является привлекательным для производителей в связи с высокой эффективностью применения мТГ в технологическом процессе производства пищевой продукции из некачественного и некондиционного сырья, что обуславливает значимые экономические выгоды и возможность отказа от использования пищевых добавок. Последнее позволяет формировать у потребителя представление о высоком качестве вырабатываемой пищевой продукции. В связи с установленными рисками здоровью населения при использовании мТГ, отсутствием разрешения на ее использование в пищевой промышленности ЕАЭС, возможностью применения этого фермента в целях введения в заблуждение потребителей считаем необходимым проведение дополнительных оценок рисков здоровью и введение обязательного мониторинга на наличие остаточной активности этого фермента в пищевой продукции. In recent years, in the Russian Federation (RF), there have been reports about use in the food industry of processing aid (PA) - an enzyme preparation based on microbial transglutaminase (mTG), which is not included in the list of permitted for use in the food industry of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Analysis of the data showed that the currently used in the food industry strains-producer of mTG - Streptomyces mobaraensis DSM40587 and Streptomyces mobaraensis S-8112, along with this enzyme, have been synthesizing antibiotics bleomycin, detoxin, piericidin A, as well as such enzymes - penicillin acylases, beta-lactamazes, which could be reasons of antibioticoresistance of microorganisms. mTG when introduced into the gastrointestinal tract as part of food, could change the structure of proteins in the intestinal mucosa. Under the influence of mTG have increased intestinal permeability, immune system antigenic load, have been promoted the immune response, have been intensifying connection between DNA and histones. It has been shown that mTG could cause an increase the frequency of detection of celiac disease in hyposymptomatic / with an undetermined diagnosis of genetically susceptible individuals, impaired protein adhesion during the formation of Alzheimer's syndrome, allergies, as well as impaired of immune status and gut's microbiosis. This enzyme is attractive to manufacturers due to the high efficiency of the use of mTG in the technological process of food production from low-quality and substandard raw materials, which leads to significant economic benefits and the possibility of abandoning the use of food additives. The latter fact allows the consumer to form an idea of the high quality of the produced food. In connection with the established risks mTG for public health, lack of permission for its use in the food industry of the EAEU and the possibility of using this enzyme in order to mislead consumers, we consider it necessary to carry out additional health risk assessments and introduce mandatory monitoring for the presence of residual activity of this enzyme in food.


2021 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
I. P. Mitrofanova ◽  
I.A. Nikitin ◽  
A.N. Yakovlev

The article provides an overview of studies on the use of infrared radiation in the food industry. Examples of its effect on the quality of wheat grain, as well as baking properties and microbiological contamination of wheat flour are considered. The physical principles of operation of this technology and the properties of the applied method are analyzed.


Author(s):  
N. V. Droficheva ◽  
T. G. Prichko

Currently, the food industry worldwide tries to adhere to the model of agricultural production, using recycled materials to reduce technology costs and expenses. The development of functional products remains relevant not only in European countries, but also in Russia. This article presents data on technology of powder, as a component of functional product, one part of which is a preliminary removal of seeds that contain glucosides, fats, essential oils, leading to its Rancidity. The resulting fine powder, which contains biologically active substances in easily digested form, flavor, aromaforming compounds, as well as sugar (34.0-48.0%), fibre (20.0–35.1%), pectin (3.7–4.8%), vitamins (С 6.4–3.5 mg/100 g, P 28.9–50.6 mg/100 g) and minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium), able to complement and reinforce the functional significance of the major components, giving the medical quality of the final product. All analyses for the study of chemical indicators of quality of raw material and canned foods, conducted using titrimetric, photometric, spectrophotometric methods on existing Standards. Each of the developed functional products can meet the daily requirement for vitamins and pectin by 15% or more. Introduction in the food industry of technologies aimed at the integrated use of secondary raw materials of juice production, is a reserve for obtaining additional food products and increasing their nutritional value.


Author(s):  
Oleksandr Gladushniak ◽  
Aleksandr Vsevolodov ◽  
Konstantin Resnik

The article presents the results of the research of the disadvantages of modern traditional technology of primary processing of vegetable raw materials in the food industry in the manufacture of puree food factories: tomato juice, tomato rubbed, tomato paste, pureed tomatoes, tomato sauce, mashed foods for children, diets,vegetable fillings for ice cream and yogurt, semi-finished vegetable products used by canneries in the off-season. The design of the machine for the implementation of the described process is proposed. The design of the machine is protected by patent for invention No. 113676 "Universal wiping machine." The quality of the final product obtained by the machine is confirmed by the results of the laboratory tests.


Author(s):  
M. A. Nikitina ◽  
V. A. Pchelkina ◽  
O. A. Kuznetsova

The article is devoted to the possibilities of application of artificial neural networks (ANN), which are a mathematical model, as well as its software or hardware implementation, built on the principle of organization and functioning of nerve cell networks of a living organism. Convolutional neural networks are arranged like the visual cortex of the brain and have achieved great success in image recognition, they are able to concentrate on a small area and highlight important features in it. The widespread use of ANN in medicine for the evaluation of radiographs, blood pressure and body mass index of patients on the analysis of their retina is noted. The use of ANN in the food industry for input quality control of raw materials is promising. In the world practice, various methods of remote control of raw materials are used, for this purpose ultrasonic scanning devices are mainly used. Such devices and analysis systems control raw materials by the ratio of meat tissues (muscle, connective, fat) in the carcass or half-carcass, without affecting the tissue structure, do not lead the quality at the cellular (microstructural) level. It is established that the structure of muscle (diameter of muscle fibers, the safety of the cellular elements, the porosity of the tissue, integrity of muscle fibers) reflects the quality of the raw material, its thermal state. Our work has begun on the creation of an expert system for quality control of meat raw materials at the microstructural level using modern intelligent technologies as ANN and computer vision. This direction is relevant and socially significant in the development of the meat industry, as it will significantly speed up the process of analysis of the quality of raw meat in the research laboratories of meat processing enterprises and testing centers and improve the objectivity of the results.


1990 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-380
Author(s):  
L. Riihonen ◽  
J. Laine ◽  
P. Linko

Mechanically deboned meat (MDM) and mechanically deboned tissue (MDT) are used in the meat industry to an ever-increasing degree. The quality of mechanically deboned meat, its high protein content, good technological characteristics and comparatively low cost make the product a profitable and useful raw material. Mechanically deboned meat is a wholesome, nutritious, highly palatable product with a bright future as food. Its properties permit its incorporation in the production of heat-processed meat products composed of comminuted raw materials. Regulations are given in the legislation of several countries concerning the chemical composition, use and storage of such meat.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-259
Author(s):  
Yuliya Miller ◽  
Tatyana Kiseleva ◽  
Iulia Arysheva

Introduction. Soy is one of the most promising plant raw materials as it is rich in proteins and amino acids. However, its content of anti-nutritive compounds is too high to be used in food and beverage industry without precure. The research objective was to obtain soy-based malt with a high enzymatic activity, low content of anti-nutritional substances, and increased nutritional value. Study objects and methods. The study featured Far-Eastern soybean varieties and malt. It involved standard methods of quality control of raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished products of beer and alcohol industry, as well as the capillary electrophoresis, spectrophotometry, and potentiometry. Results and discussion. Germination of soybeans of all varieties contributed to the accumulation of hydrolytic enzymes and amino acids in the grain. The use of a complex of organic acids from the Krebs cycle at a concentration of 10–9 mol/dm3 at the soaking stage increased amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipoxygenase hydrolytic processes by 11, 22, and 12%, respectively. The level of urease, which correlates with the content of anti-nutritional substances, decreased by two times from the original level and was 0.4–0.5 units of pH. Germination stage fell down to 2.5–3 days, while the content of amino acids increased by 33–35% in comparison with unprocessed malt during soaking. Conclusion. The use of organic acids in soy malting improved the quality and technological indicators, increased the level of amino acids, and decreased the level of anti-nutritional substances, making soy malt suitable for beverage industry.


Author(s):  
Ihor Strashynskyi ◽  
Vasil Pasichnyi ◽  
Tatiana Shevchenko ◽  
Anton Karapalov

The actual tasks facing the meat industry are the rational use of meat raw materials with different technological characteristics and improving the quality of products that are produced. Today, in the world market of meat raw materials widely distributed meat with impaired progress autolysis. The results of monitoring the quality indicators of pork, which are processed at LLC "Ternopil meat processing plant", and the study of the impact of pre-slaughter and technological factors on the quality of meat raw material obtained from slaughtering pigs from different farms, are presented in the article.


Food Industry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Olesya Sergeevna ◽  
Adelya Bekesheva

At the present development stage of fish culinary production special significance has range expanding and technology improving for the following purposes: the available fish resources use; the organoleptic characteristics improvement and the nutritional value and competitiveness increase of products manufactured at the enterprises of the food industry. This study concerns the technology and the consumer properties formation improvement of cold appetizers from silver carp in the form of a roll. Unlike traditional the developed products consist of fillet of a bighead silver carp on a skin and an original stuff from egg, vegetables and mushrooms. The researchers conducted study using conventional and special methods. They recommended to introduce gelatin in a dry powdered at the stage of roll forming form in a recipe of the developed fish rolls. A man tested fish gelatin as anew consistency regulator of the developed products. The traditional and fish gelatin use allows to increase the yield of fish cold appetizers in the form of a roll by 8.0 %. When adding gelatin, there was an improvement in consistency and sensory perception of the product as a whole. The analysis results of biological value showed that the developed dishes, being an important additional source of protein and essential amino acids such as threonine, lysine, valine, may well improve the ration balance. The fatty acids ratio in fish rolls prepared according to new recipes is close to the ideal fat in the ratio of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (35:45:20) and is determined mainly by the composition of fatty acids in silver carp fat. The developed production will allow to expand the range of the food industry enterprises by cold fish appetizers of high quality and food value from available fish raw materials.


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