Hydrochemistry of various stages of Brine in subsoil salt-pan

2021 ◽  
pp. 421-424
Author(s):  
Kumaresan A.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Underground Brine ◽  
Salt Pan ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
One Year ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Manufacture of common salt by evaporation of natural brine has been renowned from past. The southern state of Tamil nadu in India, 75% of the salt is made by solar evaporation of sea brine, 20% from subsoil brine and therefore the rest from backwater. For the manufacture of salt and its by-products by the evaporation of brine, the information of each the composition of the brine and its phase chemistry is important. Underground brine (subsoil) is considered to be the sea water cut-off from oceans and concentrated by sunlight. It contains the elements of chloride, sulphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in higher proportion. The physical parameter of rainfall data was collected because it interferes by diluting the brine and reducing the rate of evaporation. The monitoring of the physical and chemical parameters of brine at various stages viz, source, reservoir, condenser, crystallizer and bittern of the subsoil salt-pan gives plentiful possibilities for the management of the salt-pans. The results of chemical parameters and their seasonal dissimilarities were studied for a period of one year. (Jan-Dec 2019).

scholarly journals A STUDY TO ACCESS THE PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER QUALITY OF SELECTED PONDS FROM THREE DISTRICTS OF TAMIL NADU, INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalasan Prathap- Mathan ◽  
Joseph Babila- Jasmine ◽  
Muthukumar Thilagavathi
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Examination ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Water is the most abundant and non-renewable resource in the earth, which play an important role in all living organisms. A study on physiochemical parameters of Manur, Vallanadu and Sundarapandiapatinam ponds from Tirunelveli, Thootukudi and Ramanathapuram districts of Tamil Nadu, India, has addressed the seasonal changes. During the month of January to April samples from Manur was chemically portable, Vallanadu sample was physically portable, Sundarapandiapatinam samples were physically and chemically not portable. During the month of May to August Vallanadu and Manur samples were portable by its physical and chemical examination, Sundarapandiapatinam samples were non portable by its physiochemical property. September to December the samples from all the three ponds were non portable because of exceeding the permissible limit. All the samples were bacteriologically unsafe in nature because of its microbial contamination. This implies the water bodies are not fit for domestic and drinking purpose, thus proper management has to be done by the society and implement government guidelines to save the natural resources from manmade activities.

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality Assessment of Ambuliyar Watershed using GIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Keerthana Devi R ◽  
Balaji D ◽  
Natarajan H ◽  
Nasir N ◽  
Selvakumar R
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Groundwater is significant in satisfying domestic and agricultural needs.Besides scarcity, the groundwater resource is degrading drastically around the world. The Ambuliyar watershed falling in parts of Tamil Nadu also faces similar problems. To decipher the quality degradation, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon data on various physical and chemical parameters was collected for 29 wells for the year 2014 from Public Works Department. Spatial maps were generated on the above geochemical parameters and categorized into five classes using GIS software. Weights were assigned for each parameter based on their relative importance in with each other parameters. Finally, quality index map was generated by integrating them, and subsequently their aerial extent in monsoons was worked out. During the post-monsoon period, 18% of the study area represents “excellent”, 46% “good”, 25% shows “moderate” and 11% shows “poor” quality. While during pre-monsoon period, 34% of the area exhibits “excellent”, 43% “ moderate”, and the remaining 23% of “poor”.    

Efficiency of removal in stabilization ponds I. Influence of climate

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benilde S. Mendes ◽  
M. Jenny do Nascimento ◽  
M. Irene Pereira ◽  
Gerard Bailey ◽  
Nuno Lapa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Conductivity ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
One Year ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Control Study

Owing to the existing or predictable water deficiencies in the South of Portugal, it is necessary to carry out the appropriate management of water resources, by reducing and/or minimizing the negative impacts of untreated/treated domestic effluents in the aquatic environment. As Portugal has a great diversity of ecoclimatic areas, five different stabilization pond systems were chosen to carry out a control study during one year (from March 1991 to March 1992). According to Pina Manique & Albuquerque the ecological classification of these stations is different, varying from Ibero-mediterranean (continental) up to mediterranean (maritime). The physical and chemical parameters studied were: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, BOD, COD, nitrates, nitrites, ammonia and total nitrogen, total suspended and volatile solids, total phosphorus and orthophosphates. The microbiological parameters studied were: total and faecal coliforms, faecal Streptococci, Clostridium perfringens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The correlations between climatic parameters and the efficiency of the removal of organic matter were analysed.

scholarly journals PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER AT INDUSTRIAL SITES OF METROPOLITAN CITY OF CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU, INDIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Murugesan Sakthivadivel ◽  
Arunachalam Nirmala ◽  
Jeyabharathi Sakthivadivel ◽  
Rajaratnam Rajiv Mukhilan ◽  
Samuel Tennyson
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Red Hills

Water is essential to sustain life, and an adequate, safe and accessible supply must be available to all as improving access to safe drinking water can result in tangible benefits to health. In the present study, eighteen water samples from six different study area, viz., Red Hills, T. Nagar, Saidapet, Ashok Nagar, Alandur and Guindy of metropolitan Chennai were tested for their physicochemical and biological parameters, of which Red Hills served as control area. Results with regard to the physical parameters, showed no variation in the colour of water samples which was clear except for control as it appeared light brown. The odour of samples collected from all six study areas was observed to be constant and agreeable. The water temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids for all six study areas ranged from 28.7 to 29.7°C, 3.7 to 11.7NTU, 723.3 to 1099.7μS/cm, and 396.7 to 805.0mg/L. The values of chemical parameters represented by pH, total hardness, total alkalinity, sulphates and flourides ranged from 7.7 to 8.0, 128.0 to 503.3mg/L, 13.3 to 50.0mg/L, 106.6 to 224.0mg/L, and 0.6 and 1.5mg/L. All the samples were found to be free from coliforms except for the control in the case of biological parameters. Overall results indicate that the physical and chemical parameters were found to be within the permissible limits set by standards and biological contamination was absent in the samples except in control which is a natural reservoir.

scholarly journals Kesesuaian areal budidaya rumput laut berdasarkan kapasitas perairan Desa Arakan Kabupeten Minahasa Selatan

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Handy Burase ◽  
Robert Rompas ◽  
Edwin L.A. Ngangi
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Muddy Sand ◽  
Potential Production ◽  
Culture Area ◽  
Coral Sand ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Planting Season

The purpose of this research was to provide data on waters physical and chemical parameters, proper areal map, carrying capacity, and potential production of seaweed. Research method used was spacial approach through direct measurement in the field and through laboratory analysis. Ten observation stations were established purposively at Desa Arakan waters. Samples were collected four times at two weeks interval. It was found that water temperature was 31–31,25 ºC, flow rate 5,97–11,09 cm/det., dissolved oxygen 5,34–6,45 mg/l, pH 7,7–8,1, salinity 32,5-33 ppt, nitrate 5,02–5,25 mg/l, phosphate 0,01–0,14 mg/l, water depth 1,3–16,5 m, velocity 1,3–4,5 m, tide 0–283 cm with Mean Sea Level 75,6 cm. bottom substrate consisted of coral sand and muddy sand. Proper culture area based on SIG analysis was 134.64 ha in which very proper areal was 68.40 ha, proper 66.23%. while proper areal was 66.23 ha. Based on carrying capacity analysis, proper sustainable site was 126.57 ha. This area could support 1.054 long line measuring 20x60 cm each. Seaweed potential was 3363,7 ton per ha or 4.4 ton/ha/year or 4.4 ton/ha/planting season. Keywords: marine seaweed, water quality, SIG, sea water, SIG, carrying capacity, production

scholarly journals Diversitas Komunitas Fitoplankton Di Danau Hias Gold Coast, Pantai Indah Kapuk-Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Bambang Widigdo ◽  
Niken TM Pratiwi ◽  
Inna Puspa Ayu ◽  
Amelia Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
One Year ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The Gold Coast ornamental lake at Pantai Indah Kapuk, Jakarta is artificial, shallow and not too wide. It receives runoff from residential drainage channels, that affects the trophic states of the waters and the phytoplankton that live in it. This study aims to analyze the diversity of phytoplankton communities temporally related to trophic states in these waters. Sampling was carried out monthly for one year on the physical and chemical parameters of the waters and phytoplankton. Furthermore, the analysis of community structure and diversity of, a, b, and g, as well as determining the level of trophic states using the Chlorophyceae index and Cyanophyceae index. During the observation, four classes of phytoplankton were obtained, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, and Euglenophyceae which in total consisted of 41 species (g), a1-12 totaling 20-28 species, and b which were relatively small. The value of diversity index (H ') is low, the evenness (E) is moderate, and the dominance (C) is low. The values ​​of the two trophic states indices indicated that the waters were in a eutrophic condition during the observation. In general, it can be concluded that the conditions of the waters were always eutrophic for one year, the diversity of phytoplankton is relatively low and did not show significant changes in species between observations.

scholarly journals Reduction of Salinity from sea water using air micronanobubbles and graphene in laboratory scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Johana Tapia ◽  
Jhonny Valverde Flores
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The objective of the research was to reduce the salinity of the waters of San Pedro, Lurín, Peru. The proposed method was a pre-treatment with Micro-Nanobubbles (MNBs) of air at different times and a post-treatment with graphene at different concentrations, this was called Grafenano. The first stage was to first pass the samples collected by the MNBs generator, which allowed to reduce the physical and chemical parameters; The second stage consisted of filtering the water treated with MNBs using graphene in three proportions 5 g, 10 g and 15 g, which allowed to reduce the concentration of dissolved salts. The salinity of the seawater was determined as well as the physical-chemical parameters before and after the treatment. The air micronabubbles and graphene were characterized. The results obtained were: removal of Turbidity in 96% (from 27.57 NTU to 1.06 NTU), conductivity in 65% (from 49.01 mS/cm to 17.04 mS/cm), of BOD5 in 70% (from 2.42 mg/L to 0.72 mg/L) and a salt removal of 47% (from 34.46 g/L to 18.41 g/L).

scholarly journals Distribution and Composition of Aquatic Macrophytes in Santhapettai Lake of Villupuram District in Tamil Nadu

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
S. Dhanam ◽  
B. Elayaraj
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Lake Center ◽  
One Year ◽  
Fresh Water Lake

Macrophytes are important component of the aquatic ecosystem and broad changes in the abundance of individual species and community composition provide valuable information on how and why an ecosystem might be changing. Santhapettai lake is one of the biggest fresh water lake in Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu. The physico-chemical parameters were analysed for one year (October 2012-September 2013). Quadrates were laid randomly and extending from shoreline towards the lake center. The macrophytes falling in each quadrate were sorted species wise, identified and data were recorded. The plants have been identified from fresh materials with the help of different floras. In this present investigation, a total of 33 species belonging to 23 families and 28 genera were identified under algae, pteridophytes, dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Further, the plants were classified in morphological group as floating (7), submerged (1), submerged anchored (13), floating leaved (1) and emergent anchored (11). The coverage/spread of macrophytes along the shorelines was higher compared to the centre of the lakes where the species composition was found reduced. Assessment of biota, continuous monitoring and conservation lake are the important components to safeguard the biological wealth of lentic and lotic freshwater ecosystem.

scholarly journals Contamination of the Burňa watercourse, by a dumps complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
J Novakova ◽  
H Svehlakova ◽  
A Brodska ◽  
B Stalmachova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Industrial Landscape ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
One Year ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This article dealing with the problematic contamination surface water in dumps complex and there were monitoring basic physical and chemical parameters, toxic and strategic metals. There were analysed inorganic ions NH4, Cl, SO4, NO3, NO2 by standard laboratory analysis, and the elements Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni were measured by method ICP MS, and elements Zn, Fe, Mn, Na by method AAS. The case study of the contamination in the Burňa watercourse basin, in industrial landscape of the Ostrava city is unique in solving the problem of ecological burdens of the Ostrava city. One year of monitoring case study showed a significant load on the watercourse with the expected contamination especially by toxic metals. The surface water Burňa watercourse was affected by a dumps complex and their chemistry. The source of the contamination is the impact of former mining, in this post-mining landscape.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of biotic and abiotic parameters in parallel neotropical fishponds

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
LH Sipaúba-Tavares ◽  
LM Seto ◽  
RN Millan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Abiotic Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
One Year ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content ◽  
Limnological Parameters

The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytoplankton community and water quality in four parallel fishponds (FP1 to FP4) during one year. Some abiotic parameters of water column and phytoplankton was sampled in four sites, one in each fishpond. Similarity analysis showed that FP2 fishpond was markedly different for the others ponds with regard to phytoplankton community. Conductivity, orthophosphate, temperature, TSS and hardness parameters were significantly different (p<0.05) between fishponds and all limnological parameters were significantly different (p<0.01) among period (months). Organic matter and phosphorus of the sediment were significantly different (p<0.01) only among fishponds. In current study Chlorophyceae and Bacillariophyceae occurred in most months. Cyanobacteria density in April and May was higher in all fishponds, at FP3 represented 71.4% in April and FP1 represented 78.7% in May of total reported, with chlorophyll-a content lower than 41 mg.L−1. The physical and chemical parameters of fishponds water constituted relations between the parameters and algae occurrence. The present study however, indicated that Cyanobacteria was more frequent in the fishponds after the fish grow-out period (April), and the water quality should be monitored more frequently in this period, due to the high total phosphorus, orthophosphate and chlorophyll-acontents.

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