A Study to assess side effects of first dose of Covid-19 Vaccination among GNM students studying at JSS School of Nursing Chamarajanagar

2021 ◽  
pp. 552-554
Author(s):  
Usha N S ◽  
Sushmitha H S ◽  
Vinay Kumar G
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
The Public ◽  
School Of Nursing ◽  
The World ◽  
Mild Fever

Background: The world is in the midst of a COVID-19 Pandemic. While countries, including India, have taken strong measures to control the spread of COVID-19 through better diagnostics and treatment. Vaccines will provide a lasting solution by enhancing Immunity and containing the disease spread. COVID-19 vaccine has been rolled out recently in several parts of the world. Although the protective efficiency is frequently discussed, little is known about the real-world post-vaccination experience outside of clinical trial conditions. Knowledge about what to expect after vaccination will help educate the public, dispel misinformation and reduce vaccine hesitancy. Objectives: To assess the immediate response to the first dose of Covid- 19 vaccine and to study the side effects of Covid- 19 vaccination. Results: Results of the study revealed that 143(95.3%) participants are not developed any side effects, only 7 (4.66%) participants reported mild side effects within 30 minutes after vaccination, 104 (69.33%) participants are developed mild side effects like fever, body pain after 30 minutes to 24 hours, 14 (9.33%) participants are developed side effects in mild form after 24 hours, only 2(1.33%) participants are developed side effects like mild fever and fatigue after 1 week of vaccination, majority of the participants 149 (99.33%) didn't required any hospitalization and only 1 participant (0.66% ) admitted to hospital due to fever for one day, majority of participants 63 (42%) are recovered from side effects within 24 hours, 28 (18.66%) participants are recovered within 2 to 8 hours, 14 (9.3%) participants are recovered within 2 hours, 4 (2.66%)participants are recovered within 8 to 24hours and 41 (27.3%) participants are recovered after 24 hours. All the participants are willing to take 2nd dose and recommend for their family members and friends to get vaccination.

scholarly journals Zika Virus Update: More on an Emerging Arboviral Disease in the Western Hemisphere

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly G. Vest
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Neurologic Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Arboviral Disease

AbstractZika virus has captivated the world with its quick spread throughout the Western Hemisphere. Increased emphasis has been placed on the infection of pregnant women and subsequent adverse and severe effects in the developing fetus and newborn. This article supplements a previous article and provides updated information on new and evolving evidence that strengthens the association between Zika virus and unique congenital and neurologic diseases, updates what is known about the epidemiology of the disease, and provides new and updated material for primary care providers as they counsel patients who may be exposed or infected. With the extent of disease spread, it is expected that Zika virus will become endemic to the Western Hemisphere and will change the public health parameters and approach in this area of the world. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:163–167)

scholarly journals PENETAPAN KADAR KAFEIN PADA BUBUK TEH HITAM YANG BEREDAR DI PASAR DELI TUA MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
DIAN IKA PERBINA MELIALA
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Public ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
The World

Tea is a drink that is very familiar in the world and is very common in everyday life. Tea is also the most consumed and favored beverage by the public after water. Besides being beneficial, tea also contains compounds that have a negative impact on the body, namely caffeine compounds. Caffeine is an alkaloid of the methylxanthine group which plays a role in increasing the work of psychomotor in the body, and side effects that can be caused are anxiety, irregular heartbeat, difficulty sleeping, tremors, diuresis and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the caffeine content in black tea powder circulating in the Old Deli market. This type of research is descriptive with a purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is qualitative with murexide and quantitative ultraviolet spectrophotometry with a wavelength of 267nm. The results of a qualitative analysis of all positive samples contained caffeine. The average quantitative yield of caffeine in brand A black tea powder was (4,82 ±0,0356)%, B brand black tea powder (4,89 ± 0,0173)% and C brand black tea powder (4,93 ± 0,0531)%. The validation test results obtained linearity r = 0,9984, LOD and LOQ is 0,8074 mcg/ml and 2,6914 mcg/ml ,% recovery = 100,07%, RSD = 0,33%. Based on the results of research conducted, it can be concluded that ultraviolet spectrophotometry can be used to determine caffeine levels in black tea powder.

scholarly journals Contextualizing adverse event following immunization data of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in VigiAccess: An approach for reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Yamoah ◽  
Kofi Boamah Mensah ◽  
Thelma Alalbila Mpoku ◽  
Neelaveni Padayachee ◽  
Frasia Oosthuizen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Adverse Event Following Immunization ◽  
The World

Abstract IntroductionVaccination features high among the public health interventions that have contributed significantly to global health. Following the March 2020 declaration by the World Health Organization that coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic, several vaccines have been developed and administered to curb the spread of COVID-19. One of the threats to attaining adequate vaccination uptake for these relatively new vaccines are concerns people have about the adverse event following immunization (AEFI) information. This study sought to assess AEFIs reported on COVID-19 vaccines approved for use so far in VigiAccess and to make a case for why AEFIs data in the database must be interpreted with caution.MethodsThe study followed a cross-sectional quantitative study design. VigiAccess was searched on November 10, 2021 for AEFIs reported so far for all the 12 approved COVID-19 vaccines. Data were captured among age groups, sex and continents of the world. Descriptive data were summarized using tables. Frequencies and percentages were used to categorize descriptive variables. No ethical approval was obtained before the commencement of the study as this was essentially a secondary data analysis of AEFI reports which cannot be linked to any individual. Consequently, there was no need for the informed consent process.ResultsOverall, 2,457,386 AEFIs had been reported in VigiAccess. AEFIs were found to be highest among the 18-44 age group (39.7%) and lowest in vaccine recipients below 12 years (0.1%). AEFIs were more common in females than male vaccine recipients with over two-thirds of the vaccine recipients being females. Among the continents of the world, AEFI reports were highest for Europe (50%) and lowest for Africa (3%). The top 10 commonly reported AEFI types were as follows: general disorders and vaccine administrative site conditions (1,481,549, 60.1%), nervous system disorders (1,046,928, 42.6%), musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (704,657, 28.6%), gastrointestinal disorders (495,997, 20.2%), investigations with undesirable outcomes (341,677, 13.9%), skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (335,932, 13.6%), respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders (262,158, 10.6%), infections and infestations (180,873, 7.3%), vascular disorders (132,533, 5.3%) and injury, poisoning and procedural complications (122,519, 5%).ConclusionThe study showed that over 2 million COVID-19 AEFIs were spontaneously reported in VigiAccess, however, no causal relationships could be established between the vaccines and the AEFIs. The public accessing VigiAccess data should be made aware of this lack of association so that they may make well informed health decisions.

scholarly journals Maximizing Completion of the Two-Dose COVID-19 Vaccine Series with Aid from Infographics

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1229
Author(s):  
Madison Crutcher ◽  
Paul M. Seidler
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Complete Series ◽  
Protection Against Infection ◽  
First Time

Two of the three COVID-19 vaccines approved in the United States require two doses to reach full efficacy, as do others available elsewhere in the world. The complete series of multidose COVID-19 vaccines offers stronger protection against infection by SARS-CoV-2 compared to single-dose injections with the same vaccines. Achieving perfect community-level adherence is a challenge in any public health campaign, even in non-pandemic times. Vaccines requiring multiple doses combined with a surge of vaccine hesitancy and misinformation that has been witnessed by the public during the COVID-19 pandemic are exacerbating the challenge of ensuring the world’s population achieves a sufficient level of immunity against COVID-19. Here, we describe the results of our study in which we sought to determine whether completion of a two-dose COVID-19 vaccine regimen could be improved by disseminating infographics that explain what the vaccine is and why returning for the second dose is beneficial. Our results show that the proportion of COVID-19 vaccine recipients returning for a second inoculation grew after COVID-19 vaccine infographics were distributed to first-time vaccine recipients. We suggest that extending communication and outreach initiatives into the clinic positively influences the rate of follow-up visits, and that infographics are useful tools to aid and bolster the deployment of COVID-19 vaccines.

scholarly journals With Great Hopes Come Great Expectations: Access and Adoption Issues Associated With COVID-19 Vaccines (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Su ◽  
Dean McDonnell ◽  
Ali Cheshmehzangi ◽  
Xiaoshan Li ◽  
Daniel Maestro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Great Expectations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Accessibility Issues ◽  
Health Experts

UNSTRUCTURED Although COVID-19 vaccines are becoming increasingly available, their ability to effectively control and contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is highly contingent on an array of factors. This paper discusses how limitations to vaccine accessibility, issues associated with vaccine side effects, concerns regarding vaccine efficacy, along with the persistent prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among the public, including health care professionals, might impact the potential of COVID-19 vaccines to curb the pandemic. We draw insights from the literature to identify practical solutions that could boost people’s adoption of COVID-19 vaccines and their accessibility. We conclude with a discussion on health experts’ and government officials’ moral and ethical responsibilities to the public, even in light of the urgency to adopt and endorse “the greatest amount of good for the greatest number” utilitarian philosophy in controlling and managing the spread of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Side Effects and Perceptions Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Jordan: A Randomized, Cross-Sectional Study Implementing Machine Learning for Predicting Severity of Side Effects

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Ma’mon M. Hatmal ◽  
Mohammad A. I. Al-Hatamleh ◽  
Amin N. Olaimat ◽  
Malik Hatmal ◽  
Dina M. Alhaj-Qasem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting

Background: Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic, there was no doubt that vaccination is the ideal protocol to tackle it. Within a year, a few COVID-19 vaccines have been developed and authorized. This unparalleled initiative in developing vaccines created many uncertainties looming around the efficacy and safety of these vaccines. This study aimed to assess the side effects and perceptions following COVID-19 vaccination in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing an online survey targeted toward Jordan inhabitants who received any COVID-19 vaccines. Data were statistically analyzed and certain machine learning (ML) tools, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and K-star were used to predict the severity of side effects. Results: A total of 2213 participants were involved in the study after receiving Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, and other vaccines (38.2%, 31%, 27.3%, and 3.5%, respectively). Generally, most of the post-vaccination side effects were common and non-life-threatening (e.g., fatigue, chills, dizziness, fever, headache, joint pain, and myalgia). Only 10% of participants suffered from severe side effects; while 39% and 21% of participants had moderate and mild side effects, respectively. Despite the substantial variations between these vaccines in the presence and severity of side effects, the statistical analysis indicated that these vaccines might provide the same protection against COVID-19 infection. Finally, around 52.9% of participants suffered before vaccination from vaccine hesitancy and anxiety; while after vaccination, 95.5% of participants have advised others to get vaccinated, 80% felt more reassured, and 67% believed that COVID-19 vaccines are safe in the long term. Furthermore, based on the type of vaccine, demographic data, and side effects, the RF, XGBoost, and MLP gave both high accuracies (0.80, 0.79, and 0.70, respectively) and Cohen’s kappa values (0.71, 0.70, and 0.56, respectively). Conclusions: The present study confirmed that the authorized COVID-19 vaccines are safe and getting vaccinated makes people more reassured. Most of the post-vaccination side effects are mild to moderate, which are signs that body’s immune system is building protection. ML can also be used to predict the severity of side effects based on the input data; predicted severe cases may require more medical attention or even hospitalization.

scholarly journals International attitudes on COVID-19 vaccination: repeat national cross-sectional surveys across 15 countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Fernandez Crespo ◽  
Manar Shafat ◽  
Natalie Melas-Kyriazi ◽  
Lisa J Gould ◽  
Sarah Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
Short Time ◽  
To Receive ◽  
At Home

Objective: To examine the general publics views around willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccines and concerns regarding their safety. Design: Repeat cross-sectional surveys. Setting: Online surveys in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom Participants: National samples of adults aged 18 years and above in November 2020 and January 2021. Main outcomes measures: The proportion of adults reporting: willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccination; concern regarding side-effects from vaccinations; concerns over contraction COVID-19, and beliefs around vaccine provision in their country. Changes between the November and January surveys are also reported. Results: Across the 15 countries, the proportion of respondents reporting they would have the COVID-19 vaccine increased from 40.7% (range: 25.0-55.1) to 55.2% (range: 34.8-77.5), proportion reporting worried about the side-effects of vaccine decreased from 53.3% (range: 42.1-66.7) to 47.9% (range: 28.0-66.1). On the second survey, willingness to receive vaccine remained low in females (49.4%, range: 30.2-79.1), aged 18-39 years (42.1%, range: 25.9-71.7), those not working or unemployed (48.9, range: 18.8-67.0), students (45.9%, range: 22.8-70.0), and those with children at home (46.5%, range: 32.4-68.9). Concerns regarding safety of vaccine remained high in females (53.7%, range: 31.8-70.4), aged 18-39 years (50.8%, range: 28.2-60.7), aged 40-64 years (51.3%, range: 30.7-68.5), those working (50.5%, range: 26.7-65.0), those not working or unemployed (53.3, range: 35.4-73.8) and those with children at home (55.8%, range: 36.5-64.7). Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy decreased considerably over a relatively short time coinciding with the discovery of effective vaccines. The public remain concerned about their safety, and public health messaging will need to emphasis their safety especially amongst females, parents and younger adults.

scholarly journals Vaccine Hesitancy, Acceptance, and Anti-Vaccination: Trends and Future Prospects for Public Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-191
Author(s):  
Ève Dubé ◽  
Jeremy K. Ward ◽  
Pierre Verger ◽  
Noni E. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

An often-stated public health comment is that “vaccination is a victim of its own success.” While the scientific and medical consensus on the benefits of vaccination is clear and unambiguous, an increasing number of people are perceiving vaccines as unsafe and unnecessary. The World Health Organization identified “the reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite availability of vaccines” as one of the 10 threats to global health in 2019. The negative influence of anti-vaccination movements is often named as a cause of increasing vaccine resistance in the public. In this review, we give an overview of the current literature on the topic, beginning by agreeing on terminology and concepts before looking at potential causes, consequences, and impacts of resistance to vaccination.

scholarly journals Correlation between Perceived Fear of COVID-19 Infection and Demand for COVID-19 Vaccination in Thailand: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
Sompoom Sunpaweravong
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Underlying Diseases

As the global COVID-19 pandemic became increasingly severe, the perceived fear of infection amongst the general population increased significantly. Many aspects of COVID-19 infection such as the ailment’s severe symptoms and risk of death contributed greatly to the collective fear surrounding this disease. The fear of infection resulted in lifestyle changes for many which in turn caused a great extent of socioeconomic impacts on both the regional and global level. Correlating closely to the fear of infection, vaccine related fear became a growing trend amongst the public. The majority of those fearing the vaccines were skeptical of its safety and risk of severe although rare side effects such as blood clots or convulsion not to mention the more common side effects such as high fevers that deterred a significant portion of the population from getting vaccinated. With these two closely related fears causing great effects on our society, our study decided to study the correlation and interaction between these two metrics. Through measuring both COVID-19 infection and vaccination fear of 351 subjects from diverse demographics, our study found many correlations between the perceived fear for COVID 19 infection, demand and reluctance for COVID 19 vaccination and other factors such as the age of the subject. Our study also took various measurements regarding the subjects involved in this study such as the subject’s age and underlying diseases that are known to augment the severity of COVID-19 symptoms such as Diabetes, underlying heart disease and lung diseases. After rigorous data analysis, the study found proportionate correlations between the levels of perceived fear of COVID-19 infection and the demand for vaccination. The demographics of participants (age and underlying diseases) were also found to have a correlative effect on the former measurements. Keywords: COVID-19 fear, vaccine hesitancy, COVID-19 risk factors.

Icon Arrays Reduce Concern Over COVID-19 Vaccine Side Effects: A Randomized Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison Fansher ◽  
Tyler James Adkins ◽  
Poortata Lalwani ◽  
Aysecan Boduroglu ◽  
Madison Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
The Public ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Icon Arrays

On April 13, 2021, the CDC announced that the administration of Johnson and Johnson’s COVID-19 vaccine would be paused due to a rare blood clotting side effect in ~0.0001% of people given the vaccine. Most people who are hesitant to get a COVID-19 vaccine list potential side effects as their main concern (PEW, 2021); thus, it is likely that this announcement increased vaccine hesitancy among the American public. Two days after the CDC’s announcement, we administered a survey to a group of 2,046 Americans to assess their attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines. The aim of this study was to investigate best practices for communicating information about the risk of side effects to the public. We found that the use of icon arrays to illustrate the small chance of experiencing the blood clotting side effect greatly decreased reported aversion toward the Johnson and Johnson vaccine as well as all other COVID-19 vaccines.

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