scholarly journals Multilevel Marketing: Inner Workings, Socioeconomic Effects and the Islamic Juridical View

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-160
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alrahawan
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Multilevel Marketing ◽  
Majority Opinion ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Marketing Model ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The intent of this article is to highlight the origins and development of multilevel marketing, its inner workings, and Islamic juridical views on its activities. One group of Muslim scholars permits it while others forbid it. The view forbidding it is the majority opinion. The juridical viewpoint forbidding multilevel marketing is more convincing than the view permitting it because of research-based evidence highlighting the reality of its inner workings, its socioeconomic harms and stronger juristic arguments opposing it. The inner workings of multilevel market reveal why the majority opinion forbids this so-called business model. This article aims to introduce a sharia-compliant version of the multilevel marketing model which may align with the Islamic perspective.  

scholarly journals Business Model in Islamic Perspective: Practising of Baitul Maal Wattamwil (BMT) UGT Sidogiri East Java Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Achsania Hendratmi ◽  
Mega Ayu Widayanti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Business Design

Objective - The purpose of the research is to explore, to investigate, and to develop a business model in Islamic perspective in microfinance BMT UGT Sidogiri Indonesia. Methodology/Technique - The research developed by qualitative research with a single case study. The content analysis used as the method to analyze the data describes analytic, intuitive, interpretative, textual and strict textual analysis approaches. Findings – The main finding that the framework Islamic business model in perspective Islam proposed previously can be well understanding and applied in BMT UGT Sidogiri. The result showed that there three main building in developing of an Islamic business model consist of the business foundation, business design, and business development. Novelty - The model can be used to optimize the potential business model of Islam in BMT UGT Sidogiri and other microfinance in Indonesia in the future. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Islamic Business; Business Model; Islamic Business Construct; Islamic Business Aims; Baitul Maal Wattamwil (BMT). JEL Classification: K20, M21.

Remembering Islam

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Eric A. Winkel
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Possible World ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intellectual Power ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
Divine Guidance

IntroductionJean Baudrillard suggested we "forget Foucault" because his status asone of the greatest thinkers of the West in this century belied his commitmentagainst state power. A similar criticism may be levied against Habermas,whose ideal communication community merely reproduces and perpetuatesso-called modern secular Western epistemologies. If we take seriously theanarchic thought of Habermas and Foucault, we conclude that theepistemologies created in the past few hundred years are pernicious, pervasive,and truth-distorting. But their vision of the possible world which wouldemerge after the death of these epistemologies is extremely restricted andinadequate. I suggest we "remember" Islam as the divine guidance of God(SWT), which provides the basis for a truly emancipatory meta-critique. Theextension of an Islamic critique into the realm of anarchic thought gives itmore precision and sophistication.Social and Natural Sciences: The Islamic Perspective [1981] lays thefoundation for an Islamic critique of Western episternologies and the rebuildingof the Islamic sciences by exposing the inadequacies of Western epistemologiesand by outlining the guidelines along which Islamic epistemologies must directthe intellectual power of Muslim scholars. The contributors to Social andNatural Sciences denounce the modernized and socialized versions of Islamarising in this century. These versions borrowed their essence not from Islambut from the capitalist, neo-colonial West or from the Marxist-Leninist East.I suggest we characterize the first part of this Islamic critical endeavor asanarchic in that it recognizes the Western epistemologies are neither benignnor local, but in fact carry interest-full, imperialist, dominating designs on ...

scholarly journals Development of Atheism in Muslim and Non-Muslim Societies and its Reflections upon Various Aspects of Human Life (An Analysis from Islamic Perspective)

ĪQĀN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 25-43
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zulqarnain ◽  
Khalil Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Practical Life ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Islamic Belief ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The science of Islamic belief had been considered most valuable discipline among other disciplines of knowledge as it played an important, rather pivotal role in the practical life.. Qualitative research technique was used for the collection, analysis, and demonstration of data. The research had addressed the four major dimensions of the topic which particularly include Meanings of Atheism and its essential elements, Development of Atheism in Islamic and Un-Islamic societies and response of Muslim scholars, Reflections of Atheism in various aspects of human life, and Analysis of Atheism in Islamic Perspective. The systematic review of literature disclosed that Atheism in Islamic perspective included the denial of God, Prophet Hood and hereafter or any of these elements. Atheism had equally affected the Muslim and Non-Muslim societies by blowing the materialism into social, economic and political system. In this connection, Muslim scholars were divided into four types in terms of their response to Atheism which was discussed in detail in paper. Moreover, Atheism had also affected the individual as well as collective life. The author had critically analyzed the Atheism in Islamic perspective and presented the conclusion and recommendations at the end.

scholarly journals The Concept of Wisdom from an Islamic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Dawood A. Al-Hidabi ◽  
Mansour Khiati
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Educational Curriculum ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This study aimed to reach a definition of the concept of wisdom from an Islamic perspective by reviewing the Qur’anic verses and hadiths, the Islamic heritage in early centuries, and discussing the opinions of Muslim scholars who studied wisdom, its meanings and related concepts. To achieve this purpose, an inductive approach to data collection was followed to arrive at a comprehensive definition that helps in reaching its translation into programs to develop wisdom in individuals. The study concluded with a definition of wisdom according to the Islamic perspective and a theoretical model that defines the components of wisdom. The study also recommended that researchers and educationalists have to pay more attention to this topic and strive to develop wisdom programs through the educational curriculum.

The Islamic Perspective on Thinking and Innovative Culture as Exemplified by the Works of Renowned Muslim Scholars

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Anita Ismail ◽  
Latifah Abdul Latiff ◽  
Siti Nor Baya Mat Yacob ◽  
Farah Laili Muda @ Ismail ◽  
Hisham Muhammad Taky Eldin Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Innovation Culture ◽  
Muslim Men ◽  
Innovative Culture ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The objective of this paper is to revisit the concept of thinking and innovation in Islam from the examples shown by Muslim scholars. This article also highlights the significance and the need to apply the Muslim scholars’ model of Islamic thinking and innovation culture to the present day educational system. The study is descriptive in nature, showcasing the scholarly contributions of great Muslim men from the past, as well as the opinions of contemporary scholars of Islam on thinking and innovation. This preliminary paper may provide a distinctive perspective on the concept of thinking and innovation and its necessity in the contemporary Islamic educational system. It should also be considered as a crucial tool to be mastered by youngsters during the present age in the era of science and technology.Key Words: Thinking, Innovative culture, Creativity, Culture, Muslim scholars.

An Islamic Perspective on the Expectancy-Valence Theory

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
Ola Abdel-kawi ◽  
James Kole
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Process Theories ◽  
Valence Theory ◽  
Islamic Values ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The most commonly used classification of motivation theories amongorganizational behavior scholars is the content and process theories (Altman,Valenzi, and Hodgetts 1985). While content theories address what motivatesemployees, process theories speculate about how to motivate them (Bedeian1980).When Muslim scholars have discussed motivation theories, they haveexplained the Islamic perspective on the content approach. For example,Sharafeldin (1988) compared content theories with the socialist approach ofmotivation. He emphasized the extrinsic motives of Islamic values andconcluded that these values are alternative motivators for Muslims to achievebetter performance. Ahmad (1988,3) also reviewed content theories and arguedthat the ritual aspect of the human personality is an intrinsic motive otherthan the “materialistic-orientation”o f the content theories. In addition, Shareef(1988, 11) noted that while certain Islamic actions will fulfill the selfactualizationneeds, “economic incentives are motivators only in life-threateningsituations.”Despite this focus on the content approach of motivation theories, Muslimscholars have given less attention to how to motivate employees. They alsohave not provided sufficient conceptualization for an Islamic process by whichMuslim employees make their motivational choices within an Islamic context.This paper addresses this gap in Islamic organizational behavioml literatureby a) presenting an Islamic model of motivation process dmwn from the @fan;b) discussing the model’s dynamics in relation to both social learning theoryand Vroom’s expectancy theory; and c) introducing an Islamic expectancyand exploring its instrumentalities and implications ...

scholarly journals Employer-Employee Relationships in Islam: A Normative View from the Perspective of Orthodox Islamic Scholars

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Muhammad Osama Nasim Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Employee Relationships ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Management researchers have recently started investigating normative teachings of different religions regarding workplace related issues in order to understand the influence of religious beliefs on lives of people. In line with these studies, some researchers have presented normative understanding of Islamic teachings about employment relations in the light of their reading of the <em>Qur’an</em>, sayings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and writings of earlier Muslim scholars. These scholars have completely ignored the views of orthodox Islamic scholars in the process of understanding the teachings of Islam. This is quite worrisome as orthodox Islamic scholars are considered by majority of Muslims as the authoritative spokesperson of Islam (Zaman, 2002). Furthermore, the neglect of orthodox Islamic scholars strengthen the view put forward by Ul-Haq and Westwood (2012) that Islamic management and organization knowledge is mis-represented and/or under-represented in Western academic discourse. In line with the recommendations given by Ul-Haq and Westwood (2012), this work is an attempt to understand Islamic teachings from Islamic epistemological grounds by giving voice to orthodox Islamic scholars. The findings of the study show that, not only there are some differences in the understanding of orthodox Islamic scholars and Western academic scholars, orthodox Islamic perspective on employer-employee relationships offers a more detailed analysis in terms of explaining conditions associated with permissibility of workplace related issues.

scholarly journals International Seminar on Counseling and Psychotherapy

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Amber Haque
Keyword(s):  
Associative Learning ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
International Seminar ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Learning Principles ◽  
Intense Research ◽  
Muslim Scholars

A three-day international seminar jointly organized by theDepartment of Psychology, International Islamic UniversityMalaysia (IIUM) and the International Institute of IslamicThought Malaysia (IIITM) was held August 15-17, 1997, inKuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Inaugurating the seminar, the Honomble Rector Dr. AbdulHamid A.AbuSulayman expressed happiness with the number of participants whoare trying to look at human problems from an Islamic perspective. Hesaid that intense research and hard work are needed to establish anIslamic framework of understanding human behavior and that scholarsshould not be impatient during this process. He reminded the participantsthat Muslim psychologists derive their understanding from the Qur’anand the Sunnah and that therefore their vision is different from other psychologistsand counselors. He also said that Muslim psychologists haveto delve deeply into themselves to gain self-understanding and selfstrengthbefore they can help others. The conference was marked bykeynote addresses that were delivered by renowned Muslim psychologistsfrom around the world.Dr. Malik Badri of Sudan highlighted the achievements and discoveriesof early Muslim scholars in the field of psychotherapy. He pointedout that Ibn Sina explained the learning of adaptive and maladaptivebehavior on the basis of associative learning principles. He said that IbnSina and Al-Ghazali also explicated the developments of feeling ofrevulsion toward n a h d and useful objects in terms of stimulus substitutionsimilar to today’s conditioning concept. Dr. Badri further ...

scholarly journals الإعلام الإسلامي: إشكالية المصطلح

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (81) ◽  
pp. 73-39
Author(s):  
علي سلطاني العاتري
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Muslim Scholars

تمثِّل العلوم الاجتماعية المعاصرة ذات المنشأ الغربي تحدياً للعلماء والباحثين المسلمين في جوانب متعددة، منها قضية المصطلح. ولمواجهة هذا التحدي جرت محاولات متعددة تحت عناوين مختلفة منها التأصيل والأسلمة. وواجهت هذه المحاولات معارضة شديدة من دعاة التماهي بالفكر الغربي، من جهة، كما واجهت نقداً من داخل الدائرة الإسلامية نفسها من جهة أخرى، لما رآه الناقدون من مظاهر الخلل والقصور. وميدان الإعلام واحد من ميادين العلوم الاجتماعية التي لا يزال المصطلح فيها يمثل مشكلة في جهود التأصيل وبناء الرؤية الإسلامية. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى مناقشة مصطلح "الإعلام الإسلامي" وما يثيره من إشكالات معرفية، وانعكاسات تطبيقية، جعلت المصطلح قاصراً عن أداء الوظيفة المنشودة منه في بناء العلم وتوظيفه في تحقيق مقاصد الإسلام في المجتمع البشري المعاصر. Contemporary social science with its Western-origin represents a challenge for Muslim scholars and researchers in various aspects, including the issue of terminology. To meet this challenge various attempts have been made under different titles, such as Islamization and establishing Islamic foundations. Such attempts has faced stiff opposition from advocates of identification with Western thought, on the one hand, and criticism from within the Islamic Circle itself on the other hand, because of what was seen as imbalance and deficiencies. Media is one of the fields of social science, in which the terminology is still a problem in building Islamic perspective and establishing Islamic foundations of the field. This study discusses the term "Islamic media", its epistemological problems, and practical implications; that makes the term unable to perform the desired function, especially in the construction of knowledge and using it to achieve Islamic objectives in the contemporary human society.

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