scholarly journals Antimicrobial Study of Selected Medicinal Plants (Datura stramonium L. and Hippophae rhamnoides L.) of Hunza Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
Qamar Abbas ◽  
Shahina Batool ◽  
Sher Wali Khan ◽  
Azhar Hussain ◽  
Saif Ud Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Hippophae Rhamnoides ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Hippophaë Rhamnoides ◽  
Micro Organisms

   The adverse environmental and human health impact of chemical use against micro-organism is profoundly increased. For this motive, substitute methods to minimize chemicals are being developed. One of the effective methods is use plant extracts which having natural antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate ethanolic extract of Datura stramonium L. (leaves) and Hippophae rhamnoides  (fruits) against the selected micro-organisms. Results revealed that mean zone of inhibition for bacterial species ranged from 23±0.72 to 27±1.24 mm in case of Hippophae rhamnoides and from 21±0.79 to 30±1.06 mm in case of D. stramonium leaves respectively. For antifungal activity, the inhibition zone ranges from 39.42±1.07 to 47.22±2.11 mm in case of D. stramonium and from 38.42±1.19 to 48.46±2.32 mm in case of H. rhamnoides. However, sensitivity reaction of bacterial and fungal species against each plant extract was also differential. D. stramonium showed highest toxic effect against E. coli (30±1.06 mm)) and Aspergillus flavus (47.22±2.11mm). Whereas, H. rahmnoides showed highest zone of inhibition against bacterial species (B. subtilis 27±1.24 mm) and fungal species (R. stolonifer 48.46±2.32 mm). Both plant extract exhibited antimicrobial properties, which could be used against micro-organisms.  

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Plant Extracts from Spinacia oleraceae L. (Amaranthaceae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Firza Shafique ◽  
Uzma Naureen ◽  
Annam Zikrea ◽  
Sohail Akhter ◽  
Tanzila Rafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. SO) leaves represent an important dietary source, have high nutritional value and antimicrobial properties. Spinach leaves have been used in the treatment of human diseases since ancient times. Here, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of ethanolic extract of Spinach oleracea leaves by determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using well diffusion method against bacterial        species Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus and Klebseilla pneumonia and fungal species Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger,        Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum. We evaluated from present data that ethanolic extract of root showed zone of inhibition ranges from 6 mm to 21 mm, ethanolic extract of stem showed zone of inhibition ranges from 8 mm to 21 mm and ethanolic extract of leaf showed zone of inhibition ranges from 9 mm to 22 mm from concentration 25 mg/ml to 100mg/ml. Leaf extract has high antibacterial and antifungal activity against bacterial and fungal species while root extract has low antibacterial and antifungal activity against bacterial and fungal species. Activity of plant extract was increased by the increasing concentration of extracts. Very low zone of inhibition was found at concentration 25 mg/1 ml DMSO which ranges from 6 mm to 14 mm while very high zone of inhibition was found at concentration 100 mg/ml which ranges from 6 mm to 22 mm. So, ethanolic extracts of Spinach oleraceae has good efficiency against bacterial and fungal species.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Leaves ofAlchonea Cordifolia

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1071-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. George ◽  
I. B. Obot ◽  
A. N. Ikot ◽  
A. E. Akpan ◽  
N. O. Obi-Egbedi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

The phytochemistry ofAchornea cordifolialeaf extract using different solvents was studied using standard methods. The effects of the leaf extract on some pathogenic bacteria and fungi were also examined. The Phytochemical screening of the leaves shows the presence of useful ethno-botanical bioactive substances such as tannin, saponin, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside and anthraquinone, while alkaloid, phlobatanin and terpene also tested for were absent. The butanol fraction of the extract gives the highest zone of inhibition (13.0 mm) againstStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliandpseudomonas aeruginosa, which are in parity. The control, gentamycin injection gives 12.5 mm, 11.0 mm and 12.0 mm respective zones of inhibition against theStaphylococcus aureus, Eschariclia coliandPseudomonas aeruginosa. Also, the butanol fraction of the extract shows highest zone of inhibition of 17.0 mm againstCandida albican, while ethanolic extract gives 13.0 mm zone of inhibition againstTrichophyton violaceum.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of the volatile substances from essential oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareshah Abers ◽  
Sydney Schroeder ◽  
Linna Goelz ◽  
Adrienne Sulser ◽  
Tiffany St. Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
Volatile Substances ◽  
Tea Tree

Abstract Background Essential oils are volatile and lipophilic liquid extracts made from plants as secondary metabolites that can be obtained by distillation. To date, several studies have investigated the direct antimicrobial activity of liquid essential oils. However, this study investigated the antimicrobial properties of the volatile substances present in various essential oils. Methods A modified zone of inhibition protocol was developed using agar petri dishes with a center glass vial to allow evaporation and aerosolization of the potential active constituents from essential oils. In total, nineteen essential oils were tested against five Gram positive bacterial species, five Gram negative bacterial species and one fungi. Results This study found potent antimicrobial activity from the volatile constituents of several essential oils. Rosemary, tea tree, and cassia volatiles were found to be the best broad-spectrum antibacterial agents, whereas clove volatiles had almost no antimicrobial activity. Conclusions These results support the anecdotal historical evidence of the antimicrobial activity of the volatile constituents essential oils. Modern medical implications for this work may be related to the use of aromatic essential oils for respiratory or dermatological infections.

Ecofriendly Degradation of Polyethylene Plastics Using Oil Degrading Microbes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Liny Padmanabhan ◽  
Shreya Varghese ◽  
Raj Kumar Patil ◽  
H.M. Rajath ◽  
R.K. Krishnasree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Pit Formation ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Different Sources

Background & Objective: Plastics are strong, light weight and durable due to which it has wide applications. Degradation of plastics is difficult due to their xenobiotic origin and recalcitrant nature. Hence, accumulation of plastics in the environment is posing an increasing ecological threat. Methods: Various methods are preferred for the reduction of plastics in the environment, of which degradation by chemical and biological means are considered to be more effective. In the biodegradation of plastics, micro organisms play a pivotal role. In the present work, microbial species are isolated from different sources such as cooking oil, grease and petroleum products. Two bacterial species such as Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and three fungal species such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and one unidentified fungal species were isolated from the sources were used for the degradation of polyethylene plastic samples (black and white). Results: Sphingomonas indicated 56% (black) and 31% (white) degradation of polyethylene plastic. Unidentified fungal species also indicated 64% (black) and 45% (white) degradation of polyethylene plastic. During the degradation, pH altered from 7 to 8. SEM analysis indicated the presence of appreciable surface erosions, fading, cracks and extensive roughening of the surface with pit formation. Conclusion: Sequence analysis of Sphinogomonas species was done in comparison with the similar known bacterial species and the phylogenetic tree was generated based on the sequence analysis.

scholarly journals Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) and Quince (Cydonia oblonga L.) Juices and Their By-Products as Ingredients Showing Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties for Chewing Candy: Nutraceutical Formulations

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vita Lele ◽  
Ema Monstaviciute ◽  
Ieva Varinauskaite ◽  
Gabriele Peckaityte ◽  
Laura Paskeviciute ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Hippophae Rhamnoides ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Hippophaë Rhamnoides ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
By Products

Sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches to the production of health foods have become very popular. The concept of this study was to develop chewing candy (CC)—nutraceutical formulations based on sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) and quince (Cydonia oblonga L.) juice and juice by-products (BuJ, QuJ, BuBP, and QuBP, resp.), as ingredients showing antimicrobial properties against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, and Bacillus cereus. Two texture-forming agents (agar and gelatin) were tested for CC formulation. BuJ, QuJ, BuBP, and QuBP showed antimicrobial activity against all the pathogens tested, and the largest inhibition zones against Bacillus and Proteus mirabilis were observed for BuJ and QuJ, respectively. Agar and/or gelatin selection has a significant influence on CC texture (p=0.0001), and interactions of agar and/or gelatin selection × juice or juice by-products and sea buckthorn or quince × juice or juice by-products were also significant (p=0.0001). The best acceptability was shown for CC prepared with agar and BuBP (131.7) and with gelatin and QuJ (132.0). The addition of BuJ, QuJ, BuBP, and QuBP increases the antioxidant activity of CC by five times. Finally, not just juice, but also juice by-products, have great potential as desirable antimicrobial ingredients for the food industry.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of phenolic rich fraction of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaves in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
pp. 3443-3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Yogendra Kumar ◽  
R.J. Tirpude ◽  
D.T. Maheshwari ◽  
Anju Bansal ◽  
Ksipra Misra
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Hippophae Rhamnoides ◽  
Hippophaë Rhamnoides ◽  
Hippophae Rhamnoïdes L

scholarly journals Chemical Profiling and Antimicrobial Properties of Phyto-Active Extracts from Terminalia glaucescens Stem Against Water Microbial Contaminants

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyemi Ojutalayo Adeeyo ◽  
John Odiyo ◽  
Kehinde Odelade
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Microbial Contaminants

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemicals of Terminalia glaucescens stem extracts and test their antimicrobial potency against water microbial contaminants reported to be multidrug resistant. Method: Dry stem powder was extracted with ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform. These fractions were then examined for antimicrobial activity by using disc diffusion assay against typical clinical bacteria and fungal isolates which have been reported as water contaminants. The microbial strains were exposed to five different concentrations of extracts: 500 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml. Result: It was observed in this study that increase in the concentration of extracts correlated with microbial growth inhibition. In-vitro phytochemical screening of plant extracts revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, steroid and anthraquinones. Ethanolic extract performs better than ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts, as it recorded the highest zone of inhibition of 20.5 mm against Streptococcus pneumoniae while ethyl acetate and chloroform recorded 17.50 mm each against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus, respectively. Ethanolic extract also showed the highest antifungal activity against Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus niger. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of active extracts were observed in the increasing order Ethanol>Chloroform≥ethyl acetate with respect to the maximum zone of inhibition. Activity of crude extract from ethanol, when further compared with commercial antibiotics (Gentamicin, Streptomycin and Nystatin), was significantly higher. Conclusion: This plant crude extracts could therefore serve as potential source of new biocides with application in water research and other biotechnological fields.

scholarly journals Effects on Quality Properties of Pork Sausages Enriched with Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anna Marietta Salejda ◽  
Agnieszka Nawirska-Olszańska ◽  
Urszula Janiewicz ◽  
Grażyna Krasnowska
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Hippophae Rhamnoides ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Instrumental Color ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Hippophaë Rhamnoides ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Textural Parameters ◽  
Pork Sausages

The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of a sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit extract on selected quality properties of cooked sausages. The ethanolic extract of sea buckthorn fruit (SBE) incorporated at the highest level (3%) significantly affected the pH, weight losses, and instrumental color parameters of sausages. The SBE deteriorated organoleptic properties of sausages like juiciness, overall appearance, texture, and taste; however the sausages manufactured with 1.5% SBE were scored higher for color and almost the same as control for smell acceptance. Textural parameters like hardness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness of cooked sausages decreased along with SBE addition. After 28 days of storage, the samples with 1.5% SBE addition were as springy, hard, and gummy as the control ones. Incorporation of SBE increased the shelf life of sausages. The highest inhibition of lipid oxidation was observed in the samples manufactured with 1.5% SBE. The SBE significantly improved the microbial qualities of sausages.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial effects of Verbascum thapsus L. leaf extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1125
Author(s):  
Wajid Khan ◽  
Rizwan Ullah ◽  
Zainul Wahab ◽  
Muhammad Nazir Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Bacillus Atrophaeus ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Verbascum Thapsus ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Antimicrobial activity of leaves of Verbascum thapsus L. using different extractions solvents was evaluated. Extracts were prepared and tested against different bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus atrophaeus, Salmonella typhi, Citrobacter freundii and fungal species (Alternaria solani, Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus). Disc and well diffusion assays were used for screening antibacterial and antifungal potential of extracts. The ethyl acetate extract produced the maximum zone of inhibition (70% ZI) against K. pneumoniae at 3000 μg/disc. Methanol extracts formed 68% ZI against S. typhi, 54% ZI against A. tumefacian and 50% ZI against C. freundii, respectively at 3000 μg/disc respectively. Against the fungal species, the methanol extract was effective and formed maximum zone of inhibition (50% ZI) against A. solani at 3000 μg/well. Hexane extract was moderately active against bacterial species but inactive against tested fungal species. T. rubrum was resistant and none of the tested extracts affected its growth.

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