scholarly journals Therapeutic Pathways of Vesicovaginal Fistula, From the Past to the Future: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sofoudis Chrisostomos ◽  
Tsoukalos Georgios ◽  
Zioris Konstantinos
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Vesicovaginal Fistula ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Medical Injury ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Radical Intervention

Over the last decade, innovation of medical interventions concerning less radical surgery consists cornerstone of therapeutic management. Among gynecologic surgical procedures, medical experience and completion of educational curve lead to the decrease of potential post-operative complications. Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF) represent ultimate medical injury in cases of total laparoscopic or abdominal hysterectomy. The aim of our study, consists of primary detection of such cases, assiduous imaging depiction, and ultimate therapeutic strategy. New technical innovations and less radical intervention consist of necessary conditions to establish proper therapeutic mapping.

scholarly journals Structure Determination of Microtubules and Pili: Past, Present, and Future Directions

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Garnett ◽  
Joseph Atherton
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
The Past ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Technical Innovations

Historically proteins that form highly polymeric and filamentous assemblies have been notoriously difficult to study using high resolution structural techniques. This has been due to several factors that include structural heterogeneity, their large molecular mass, and available yields. However, over the past decade we are now seeing a major shift towards atomic resolution insight and the study of more complex heterogenous samples and in situ/ex vivo examination of multi-subunit complexes. Although supported by developments in solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR) and computational approaches, this has primarily been due to advances in cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The study of eukaryotic microtubules and bacterial pili are good examples, and in this review, we will give an overview of the technical innovations that have enabled this transition and highlight the advancements that have been made for these two systems. Looking to the future we will also describe systems that remain difficult to study and where further technical breakthroughs are required.

scholarly journals Neurologic Safety Monitoring of COVID-19 Vaccines: Lessons From the Past to Inform the Present

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012703
Author(s):  
Kiran Teresa Thakur ◽  
Samantha Epstein ◽  
Amanda Bilski ◽  
Alanna Balbi ◽  
Amelia K Boehme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Adenovirus Vector ◽  
Safety Monitoring ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Neurological Conditions

The spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has triggered a global effort to rapidly develop and deploy effective and safe COVID-19 vaccination(s). Vaccination has been one of the most effective medical interventions in human history, though potential safety risks of novel vaccines must be monitored, identified, and quantified. Adverse events must be carefully assessed to define whether they are causally associated with vaccination or coincidence. Neurological adverse events following immunizations are overall rare but with significant morbidity and mortality when they occur. Here, we review neurological conditions seen in the context of prior vaccinations and the current data to date on select COVID-19 vaccines including mRNA vaccine(s) and the adenovirus-vector COVID-19 vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S Johnson and Johnson (Janssen/J&J).

E-Government Clusters

2012 ◽  
pp. 1467-1487
Author(s):  
Kristian J. Sund ◽  
Ajay Kumar Reddy Adala
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Creation

The concept of industrial clusters has received much attention in the literature over the past few decades and many examples of clusters exist today in a variety of industries, from manufacturing to services. Within such clusters, competitive cost and innovation advantages are generated through co-location. Very recently several examples of e-government clusters have emerged. This chapter offers a conceptualization of what an e-government cluster is, and how it may be different from other industrial clusters. This chapter is an attempt to formulate a framework for e-government clusters and bring out the necessary conditions for policy decisions to support the creation of such a cluster. An attempt has also been made to validate the proposed framework on the basis of case studies and to derive some recommendations to sustain the operation of e-government clusters.

scholarly journals Adenovirus and Immunotherapy: Advancing Cancer Treatment by Combination

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuho Sato-Dahlman ◽  
Christopher J. LaRocca ◽  
Chikako Yanagiba ◽  
Masato Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oncolytic Adenoviruses ◽  
Gene Therapy Vectors ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Gene therapy with viral vectors has significantly advanced in the past few decades, with adenovirus being one of the most commonly employed vectors for cancer gene therapy. Adenovirus vectors can be divided into 2 groups: (1) replication-deficient viruses; and (2) replication-competent, oncolytic (OVs) viruses. Replication-deficient adenoviruses have been explored as vaccine carriers and gene therapy vectors. Oncolytic adenoviruses are designed to selectively target, replicate, and directly destroy cancer cells. Additionally, virus-mediated cell lysis releases tumor antigens and induces local inflammation (e.g., immunogenic cell death), which contributes significantly to the reversal of local immune suppression and development of antitumor immune responses (“cold” tumor into “hot” tumor). There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the host immune response may provide a critical boost for the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy. Additionally, genetic engineering of oncolytic viruses allows local expression of immune therapeutics, thereby reducing related toxicities. Therefore, the combination of oncolytic virus and immunotherapy is an attractive therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on adenovirus-based vectors and discuss recent progress in combination therapy of adenoviruses with immunotherapy in preclinical and clinical studies.

scholarly journals Benefits, Difficulties and Conditions of Lesson Study Implementation in Basic Teacher Education: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Eurydice-Maria D Kanellopoulou ◽  
Maria Darra
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Lesson Study ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Preparation Time ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Study Implementation

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of the implementation of the lesson study in higher education through the review of 28 empirical researches conducted both inGreeceand the world over the past decade (2008-2018). In particular, the benefits, the difficulties and the conditions of effective implementation of the lesson study are examined. The results of the research revealed that the development of co-operation, reflection and professional development of preservice teachers are seen as important advantages due to the implementation of the lesson study. The preparation time, the tensions and the stress resulting from the monitoring of the teaching of their fellow students are mentioned as main difficulties, while participation and cooperation of preservice teachers and their support by trainers are seen as necessary conditions for its successful implementation. There is also a need for further research on the implementation of the lesson study in higher education, mainly inGreece, compared to the international field.

scholarly journals mTOR Cross-Talk in Cancer and Potential for Combination Therapy

Cancers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Conciatori ◽  
Ludovica Ciuffreda ◽  
Chiara Bazzichetto ◽  
Italia Falcone ◽  
Sara Pilotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Talk ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Mtor Inhibition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Exogenous Cues ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

The mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays an essential role in sensing and integrating a variety of exogenous cues to regulate cellular growth and metabolism, in both physiological and pathological conditions. mTOR functions through two functionally and structurally distinct multi-component complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which interact with each other and with several elements of other signaling pathways. In the past few years, many new insights into mTOR function and regulation have been gained and extensive genetic and pharmacological studies in mice have enhanced our understanding of how mTOR dysfunction contributes to several diseases, including cancer. Single-agent mTOR targeting, mostly using rapalogs, has so far met limited clinical success; however, due to the extensive cross-talk between mTOR and other pathways, combined approaches are the most promising avenues to improve clinical efficacy of available therapeutics and overcome drug resistance. This review provides a brief and up-to-date narrative on the regulation of mTOR function, the relative contributions of mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes to cancer development and progression, and prospects for mTOR inhibition as a therapeutic strategy.

National Identity in France and Germany: From Mutual Exclusion to Negotiation

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Mutual Exclusion ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gradual Transformation ◽  
Reconciliation Process ◽  
The Way

AbstractWhen international conflicts come to an end, the question that is raised is not only ``what happened,'' but also – and more importantly – ``what shall we do with the past.'' Solving conflicts in a durable manner requires a gradual transformation in the way parties represent the past and elaborate their identity. To provide an adequate framework for a rapprochement, identities can no longer rely on a rejection of the other; they must be negotiated. This article is divided into three parts. First, the concepts of identity and memory are described. Second, the pre-reconciliation identities of groups are analyzed. In particular, the article examines the identities produced by France and Germany before their rapprochement. It argues that identities on both sides of the Rhine were conceived in monolithic terms and excluded dissident interpretations. Third, the article attempts to characterize identities as they develop in a reconciliation process. In this regard, the Franco-German case shows that identities may be the result of negotiation between different and often contradictory interpretations. The article describes this process of negotiation – the steps involved, the necessary conditions for it to occur, and the role played by key factors.

Optimal Treatment of Unresectable Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (5S) ◽  
pp. 789-792
Author(s):  
Thomas Olencki
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers

Unlike in other types of cancer, in metastatic nonmelanoma, there are few dedicated oncologists to care for patients with unresectable skin cancers and little reliable clinical evidence to craft a therapeutic strategy. In his presentation at the NCCN 19th Annual Conference, Dr. Thomas Olencki offered a glimpse of some of the therapeutic regimens tried in the past for these rare skin cancers and briefly reviewed some of the more promising agents for advanced squamous cell, basal cell, and Merkel cell carcinomas, although the current evidence base is limited.

scholarly journals Problems of Transformation of Household Savings into Investments

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Bubnova ◽  
Ekaterina Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Dynamic Study ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Household Savings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Investment Function ◽  
Develop Economy ◽  
Private Investors

In modern conditions, searching for investment sources to develop economy is very relevant. The authors of the article focus on household savings as one of the most significant sources of investment, seeing that their investment function is not fully implemented in modern Russian practice. The article represents a dynamic study of population savings for over the past ten years and identifies the reasons for their decline. The authors analyze changes in the structure of savings and their investment directions and come to the conclusion about their inefficient use due to the predominance of passive ways of savings and insufficient use of the opportunities of a stock market. It is also determined the reasons that prevent the transformation of these savings into investments and the ways for solving these problems. The article considers an individual investment account as the most promising investment mode which is getting more and more popular. A special role in the transformation of household savings is assigned to the state, which must create the necessary conditions and provide access to the tools of the stock market for a large number of private investors.

scholarly journals Sex, gender and gender identity: a re-evaluation of the evidence

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lucy Griffin ◽  
Katie Clyde ◽  
Richard Byng ◽  
Susan Bewley
Keyword(s):  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Conversion Therapy ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Alternative Gender

Summary In the past decade there has been a rapid increase in gender diversity, particularly in children and young people, with referrals to specialist gender clinics rising. In this article, the evolving terminology around transgender health is considered and the role of psychiatry is explored now that this condition is no longer classified as a mental illness. The concept of conversion therapy with reference to alternative gender identities is examined critically and with reference to psychiatry's historical relationship with conversion therapy for homosexuality. The authors consider the uncertainties that clinicians face when dealing with something that is no longer a disorder nor a mental condition and yet for which medical interventions are frequently sought and in which mental health comorbidities are common.

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